The Functional Impact of Sleep Disorders in Children With ADHD

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie G. Craig ◽  
Margaret D. Weiss ◽  
Kristen L. Hudec ◽  
Christopher Gibbins
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Sleep Schedule

Objective: Children with ADHD display higher rates of sleep problems, and both sleep disorders and ADHD have been shown to affect functioning in childhood. The current study examines the frequency and relationship between sleep problems and ADHD, and their impact on quality of life (QoL) and functional impairment. Method: Parents of 192 children with ADHD ( M = 10.23 years) completed measures regarding their child’s ADHD symptoms (Swanson, Nolan and Pelham [SNAP]), sleep disorders (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire [PSQ]), QoL (Child Health Illness Profile [CHIP-PE]), and functioning (Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale–Parent Report [WFIRS-P]). Results: Common sleep complaints in participants were insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and variability in sleep schedule. Regression analysis indicated that sleep problems and ADHD symptoms independently predicted lower levels of QoL (Δ R2 = .12, p < .001) and social functioning (Δ R2 = .12, p < .001). Conclusion: The results suggest that ADHD may coexist with somnolence and that both conditions have a significant impact on a child’s functioning and QoL.

Self-Rated ADHD Symptoms Among Biological Mothers or Fathers of Children with Confirmed ADHD in a French Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Dentz ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Eric Konofal ◽  
Véronique Parent
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
French Population ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Parenting Strategies ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Biological Mothers ◽  
Parental Adhd

Parents of children with ADHD are more likely to present the disorder, which can affect quality of life and parenting strategies. Few studies have examined parental ADHD to date, none in France. Prevalence of self-rated ADHD symptoms in adulthood and childhood was estimated among 60 biological mothers or fathers of children with confirmed ADHD in France. Cutoffs were total score ≥46 on the Wender Utah Rating Scale and ≥4 on the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale Screener. Results indicated possible child and adult ADHD in 12.5% of mothers and 10.0% of fathers. As these percentages exceed reported prevalence rates for the French population, a greater effort must be made to diagnose the disorder in parents.

ADHD Symptoms and Quality of Life Across a 12-Month Period in Children With ADHD: A Longitudinal Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1675-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Mulraney ◽  
Rebecca Giallo ◽  
Emma Sciberras ◽  
Kate Lycett ◽  
Fiona Mensah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Report Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subsequent Time Point

Objective: To describe the relationship between ADHD symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) across three time points over a 12-month period and investigate whether sleep modifies this relationship. Method: Children aged 5 to 13 years with ADHD were recruited from 21 pediatric practices across Victoria, Australia ( N = 392). Child QoL (parent-report) and ADHD symptoms (both parent- and teacher-report) were assessed at three time points (0, 6, and 12 months), and sleep was assessed at baseline (parent-report). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlations and autoregressive cross-lagged panel models. Results: Parent-reported ADHD symptoms predicted poorer QoL at each subsequent time point ( r = −.10 to −.13), and a small bidirectional relationship was observed between teacher-reported ADHD symptoms and QoL from 6 to 12 months. Sleep moderated the relationship between ADHD symptoms and QoL. Conclusion: Clinicians need to look beyond core ADHD symptoms to other factors that may be influencing QoL in children with ADHD.

scholarly journals Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Disorders and Co-Morbidities in the Care of the Older Person

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Christine E. Mc Carthy
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Sleep Assessment ◽  
Form Part

Sleep complaints can be both common and complex in the older patient. Their consideration is an important aspect of holistic care, and may have an impact on quality of life, mortality, falls and disease risk. Sleep assessment should form part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. If sleep disturbance is brought to light, consideration of sleep disorders, co-morbidity and medication management should form part of a multifaceted approach. Appreciation of the bi-directional relationship and complex interplay between co-morbidity and sleep in older patients is an important element of patient care. This article provides a brief overview of sleep disturbance and sleep disorders in older patients, in addition to their association with specific co-morbidities including depression, heart failure, respiratory disorders, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, nocturia, pain, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, polypharmacy and falls. A potential systematic multidomain approach to assessment and management is outlined, with an emphasis on non-pharmacological treatment where possible.

scholarly journals Correlations Between Clinical Trial Outcomes Based on Symptoms, Functional Impairments, and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With ADHD

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1578-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Coghill ◽  
Alain Joseph ◽  
Vanja Sikirica ◽  
Mark Kosinski ◽  
Caleb Bliss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Risk Avoidance

Objective: To assess relationships between treatment-associated changes in measures of ADHD symptoms, functional impairments, and health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD. Method: Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated post hoc for changes from baseline to endpoint in outcomes of one randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial of lisdexamfetamine (osmotic-release methylphenidate reference) and one of guanfacine extended-release (atomoxetine reference). Results: Changes in ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) total score generally correlated moderately with changes in Child Health and Illness Profile−Child Edition: Parent Report Form (CHIP-CE:PRF) Achievement and Risk Avoidance ( r ≈ .4), but weakly with Resilience, Satisfaction, and Comfort ( r ≈ .2); and moderately with Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale–Parent (WFIRS-P) total score ( r ≈ .5). CHIP-CE:PRF Achievement and Risk Avoidance correlated moderately to strongly with WFIRS-P total score ( r ≈ .6). Conclusion: The ADHD-RS-IV, CHIP-CE:PRF, and WFIRS-P capture distinct but interconnected aspects of treatment response in individuals with ADHD.

Maternal ADHD symptoms, child ADHD symptoms and broader child outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 841-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Efron ◽  
Kirsten Furley ◽  
Alisha Gulenc ◽  
Emma Sciberras
Keyword(s):  
Adhd Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Maternal Report ◽  
Child Adhd ◽  
Maternal Adhd

ObjectiveThis study investigated the associations between maternal symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and child functional outcomes in a community-based sample of children with and without ADHD.Design and settingIn this cohort study, children with ADHD and healthy controls were recruited through schools in Melbourne, Australia, using a combined screening (Conners 3 ADHD Index) and case confirmation (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV) procedure.Patients117 children with ADHD and 149 control children were included in the analyses.Main outcome measuresMaternal ADHD symptoms (Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale) and child outcomes (ADHD severity, quality of life (QoL), academic competence, social-emotional functioning) were measured at a mean child age of 8.9 years.ResultsMothers of children with ADHD had clinically elevated ADHD symptoms compared with mothers of control children (adjusted analysis: 18.0% vs 2.0%, P<0.001). Elevated maternal ADHD symptoms were associated with greater child ADHD symptom severity and lower QoL by maternal report for children with (severity P=0.01; QoL P=0.003) and without (severity P=0.003; QoL P=0.003) ADHD. Elevated maternal ADHD symptoms were additionally associated with increased parent-rated emotional problems, peer problems and total impairment scores in children without ADHD (all P<0.01).ConclusionsMaternal ADHD symptoms are associated with increased ADHD symptom severity and reduced QoL by maternal report in offspring with or without ADHD, and have broader negative associations with emotional and social functioning in children without ADHD. In the evaluation of the referred children, maternal ADHD symptoms should be considered and referral made to adult services where indicated.

scholarly journals Which Child Will Benefit From a Behavioral Intervention for ADHD? A Pilot Study to Predict Intervention Efficacy From Individual Reward Sensitivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472092813
Author(s):  
Myrte J. M. van Langen ◽  
Branko M. van Hulst ◽  
Miriam Douma ◽  
Maarten Steffers ◽  
Nicolle M. H. van de Wiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Intervention Efficacy

Objective: This article aims to assess whether individual differences in reward sensitivity can be used to predict which children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) will benefit most from behavioral interventions that include reinforcement. Methods: A 12-week behavioral intervention was offered to 21 children with ADHD and their parents. Reward sensitivity was assessed prior to the intervention using a combination of psychological and physiological measures. ADHD symptoms were assessed pre- and posttreatment using the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD and Normal behavior (SWAN) rating scale. Results: Lower scores on one of the questionnaire scales were associated with greater pre/posttreatment differences in ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: We found that pre/posttreatment change was associated with one measure of parent-rated reward sensitivity. Children with low impulsive negative behavior toward gaining reward improved most during treatment. This result suggests that aspects of reward-related behaviors in ADHD may be useful to predict the effectiveness of treatment.

Association between autism symptoms and functioning in children with ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Leigh Green ◽  
Emma Sciberras ◽  
Vicki Anderson ◽  
Daryl Efron ◽  
Nicole Rinehart
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Externalising Disorders

ObjectiveTo examine the association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms and (a) social functioning, (b) mental health, (c) quality of life and (d) sleep in children with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsParticipants were 6–10-year-old children with ADHD (N=164) and without ADHD (N=198). ADHD was assessed via community-based screening (wave 1) and case confirmation using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children IV (DISC-IV) (wave 2). ASD symptoms were identified using the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). Outcome measures were social functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)), mental health (DISC-IV, SDQ), quality of life (QoL, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0) and sleep problem severity.ResultsGreater ASD symptoms were associated with more parent and teacher-reported peer problems and emotional and conduct problems. For every SD increase in SCQ scores, internalising (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.6, p=0.001) and externalising disorders (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1, p=0.02) increased, QoL decreased by 6.7 units (p<0.001), and moderate/severe sleep problems increased (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.2, p=0.04). Most findings held in analyses adjusting for socio-demographic factors, ADHD symptom severity and comorbidities (when not the outcome), with the exception of externalising disorders and sleep problems.ConclusionsASD symptoms are associated with poorer functioning in children with ADHD. It is important to identify and potentially manage ASD symptoms in children with ADHD given that they exacerbate functional impairments in this already vulnerable group.

Gastrointestinal dysfunctions as a risk factor for sleep disorders in children with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder: A retrospective cohort study

Autism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena M McCue ◽  
Louise H Flick ◽  
Kimberly A Twyman ◽  
Hong Xian
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

Sleep disorders often co-occur with autism spectrum disorder. They further exacerbate autism spectrum disorder symptoms and interfere with children’s and parental quality of life. This study examines whether gastrointestinal dysfunctions increase the odds of having sleep disorders in 610 children with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder, aged 2–18 years, from the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange research program. The adjusted odds ratio for sleep disorder among those with gastrointestinal dysfunctions compared to those without was 1.74 (95% confidence interval: 1.22–2.48). In addition, the odds of having multiple sleep disorder symptoms among children with gastrointestinal dysfunctions, adjusted for age, gender, behavioral problems, bed wetting, current and past supplements, and current and past medications for autism spectrum disorder symptoms were 1.75 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–2.79) compared to children without gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Early detection and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunctions in autism spectrum disorder may be means to reduce prevalence and severity of sleep problems and improve quality of life and developmental outcomes in this population.

scholarly journals MASALAH TIDUR ANAK DENGAN LEUKEMIA LIMFOBLASTIK AKUT DALAM MENJALANI KEMOTERAPI FASE INDUKSI

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Andrye Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Long Time

Chemotherapy has an effect on the occurrence of sleep disorders in children who suffer from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sleep disorders experienced by children have an impact on optimizing the long-term quality of life of children. This study aims to describe sleep problems that occur in children suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia who undergo induction phase chemotherapy. The design of this study was descriptive analytic with repeated measurements of sleep disorders in children aged 7-18 years (n = 62). Data collection was carried out for 7 days, that is, one day before, five days during, and one day after chemotherapy. The results of data analysis found that children have > 15 minutes to fall asleep, children have less than normal amounts of sleep (the number of hours of sleep is normal, school age: 9-11 hours / day, adolescence: 8-10 hours / day) and there was a decrease in the quality of sleep scores. In conclusion, there are sleep disorders that occur in children, namely children have less time to sleep, children need a long time to be able to fall asleep, and children experience a decrease in the quality of sleep. The need for exploration of interventions to facilitate efficient sleep according to the stages of child development.

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