scholarly journals Long-Term Storage of Compound Solutions for High-Throughput Screening by Using a Novel 1536-Well Microplate

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Joseph Pfeifer ◽  
Guenther Scheel
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Plate Design ◽  
Minor Losses ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
Term Storage

This report describes the features and the performance of a new and significantly improved 1536-well microplate design. The design allows for simple, automation-friendly, and cost-effective storage of compound solutions for high-throughput screening. The plate design is based on Society for Biomolecular Sciences standards for microplates and can be molded from polystyrene or cycloolefin copolymer, thus making the plate suitable for use with acoustic dispensing as well as other conventional liquid dispensing in the nanoliter range. For a 9:1 DMSO/water mix as solvent, the novel plate design has shown to perform over 4 months with only minor losses in solvent. Thus, this novel plate design creates the basis for further reductions in compound storage volumes and allows for an increase in the storage times for microliter volumes for up to a year or more. The high protection against solvent evaporation is also visible for aqueous solutions, thus allowing for reduced edge effects during screening campaigns.

scholarly journals Barley Seeds miRNome Stability during Long-Term Storage and Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Marta Puchta ◽  
Jolanta Groszyk ◽  
Magdalena Małecka ◽  
Marek D. Koter ◽  
Maciej Niedzielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Seed Aging ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Novel Mirna ◽  
Complex Biological Process ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Term Storage

Seed aging is a complex biological process that has been attracting scientists’ attention for many years. High-throughput small RNA sequencing was applied to examine microRNAs contribution in barley seeds senescence. Unique samples of seeds that, despite having the same genetic makeup, differed in viability after over 45 years of storage in a dry state were investigated. In total, 61 known and 81 novel miRNA were identified in dry seeds. The highest level of expression was found in four conserved miRNA families, i.e., miR159, miR156, miR166, and miR168. However, the most astonishing result was the lack of significant differences in the level of almost all miRNAs in seed samples with significantly different viability. This result reveals that miRNAs in dry seeds are extremely stable. This is also the first identified RNA fraction that is not deteriorating along with the loss of seed viability. Moreover, the novel miRNA hvu-new41, with higher expression in seeds with the lowest viability as detected by RT-qPCR, has the potential to become an indicator of the decreasing viability of seeds during storage in a dry state.

scholarly journals Rediscovering Zygorhizidium affluens Canter: Molecular Taxonomy, Infectious Cycle, and Cryopreservation of a Chytrid Infecting the Bloom-Forming Diatom Asterionella formosa

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Rad-Menéndez ◽  
Mélanie Gerphagnon ◽  
Andrea Garvetto ◽  
Paola Arce ◽  
Yacine Badis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Asterionella Formosa ◽  
Infectious Cycle ◽  
Cryopreservation Method ◽  
Term Storage

ABSTRACT Parasitic Chytridiomycota (chytrids) are ecologically significant in various aquatic ecosystems, notably through their roles in controlling bloom-forming phytoplankton populations and in facilitating the transfer of nutrients from inedible algae to higher trophic levels. The diversity and study of these obligate parasites, while critical to understand the interactions between pathogens and their hosts in the environment, have been hindered by challenges inherent to their isolation and stable long-term maintenance under laboratory conditions. Here, we isolated an obligate chytrid parasite (CCAP 4086/1) on the freshwater bloom-forming diatom Asterionella formosa and characterized its infectious cycle under controlled conditions. Phylogenetic analyses based on 18S, 5.8S, and 28S ribosomal DNAs (rDNAs) revealed that this strain belongs to the recently described clade SW-I within the Lobulomycetales. All morphological features observed agree with the description of the known Asterionella parasite Zygorhizidium affluens Canter. We thus provide a phylogenetic placement for this chytrid and present a robust and simple assay that assesses both the infection success and the viability of the host. We also validate a cryopreservation method for stable and cost-effective long-term storage and demonstrate its recovery after thawing. All the above-mentioned tools establish a new gold standard for the isolation and long-term preservation of parasitic aquatic chytrids, thus opening new perspectives to investigate the diversity of these organisms and their physiology in a controlled laboratory environment. IMPORTANCE Despite their ecological relevance, parasitic aquatic chytrids are understudied, especially due to the challenges associated with their isolation and maintenance in culture. Here we isolated and established a culture of a chytrid parasite infecting the bloom-forming freshwater diatom Asterionella formosa. The chytrid morphology suggests that it corresponds to the Asterionella parasite known as Zygorhizidium affluens. The phylogenetic reconstruction in the present study supports the hypothesis that our Z. affluens isolate belongs to the order Lobulomycetales and clusters within the novel clade SW-I. We also validate a cryopreservation method for stable and cost-effective long-term storage of parasitic chytrids of phytoplankton. The establishment of a monoclonal pathosystem in culture and its successful cryopreservation opens the way to further investigate this ecologically relevant parasitic interaction.

scholarly journals Just-in-Time Compound Pooling Increases Primary Screening Capacity without Compromising Screening Quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Elkin ◽  
D. G. Harden ◽  
S. Saldanha ◽  
H. Ferguson ◽  
D. L. Cheney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Term Storage

Compound pooling, or multiplexing more than one compound per well during primary high-throughput screening (HTS), is a controversial approach with a long history of limited success. Many issues with this approach likely arise from long-term storage of library plates containing complex mixtures of compounds at high concentrations. Due to the historical difficulties with using multiplexed library plates, primary HTS often uses a one-compound–one-well approach. However, as compound collections grow, innovative strategies are required to increase the capacity of primary screening campaigns. Toward this goal, we have developed a novel compound pooling method that increases screening capacity without compromising data quality. This method circumvents issues related to the long-term storage of complex compound mixtures by using acoustic dispensing to enable “just-in-time” compound pooling directly in the assay well immediately prior to assay. Using this method, we can pool two compounds per well, effectively doubling the capacity of a primary screen. Here, we present data from pilot studies using just-in-time pooling, as well as data from a large >2-million-compound screen using this approach. These data suggest that, for many targets, this method can be used to vastly increase screening capacity without significant reduction in the ability to detect screening hits.

scholarly journals The Study of Soybean Chaff Pressing Process Depending on Its Fractional Composition and Humidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Shishkin ◽  
E. Shulzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

A by-product of soybean production, as a non-grain part of the crop, can be used to meet the needs of livestock in providing complete feeding of livestock. Pressing the floor allows to reduce the volume of plant material in order to reduce the cost of storage and transportation, improve the safety of its nutrients during long-term storage. Therefore, the development of an efficient, cost-effective and less energy-intensive technology and a process line for compacting the soybean floor by pressing is a promising direction. The pile of the floor is a complex mixture of particles of different sizes, as well as voids filled with air. Equipment compaction chaff should provide a stable preparation of pellets under all the fluctuations of the moisture content and fractional composition of chaff. In 2018, research experiments were carried out in the Far Eastern Scientific–Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture to study the process of pressing the soybean floor, depending on its fractional composition and humidity, on the manufactured laboratory unit for compaction with the production of soybean floor briquettes. It was found that when the humidity of the sample increases from 9 to 21%, the energy consumption decreases by 17.1%. The coefficient of compaction of the floor when the humidity changes almost does not change. By increasing the length of the sex particles from 14 to 87 mm, the compaction coefficient increases by 73.3% and the energy intensity by 6.2 %. For transportation and storage of the soybean floor briquette, it is recommended to pack it tightly with polyethylene film or tie it with twine, this will increase the shelf life and eliminate losses.

Effect of Long-term Storage on Sterile Status of Devices in Surgical Packs

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ariene Klapes ◽  
Velvl W. Greene ◽  
Ann C. Langholz ◽  
Cindy Hunstiger
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Laminar Flow Hood ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWe investigated the effect of the following on the sterile integrity of surgical packs: four wrapping materials (two-ply reusable, nonbarrier wovens, both new and previously used; disposable, barrier nonwovens; and polypropylene peel pouches), dustcovers, two storage locations, and storage times ranging from 2 to 50 weeks. Two hundred sixty-three packs containing stainless steel coupons were prepared, wrapped, sterilized, and stored. Half of the packs were dustcovered prior to storage. At monthly intervals for a year, packs of each type were opened in a laminar flow hood, and the coupons inoculated into trypticase soy broth. The coupon contamination probabilities were 0.019 for reusable, woven packs; 0.017 for disposable, nonwoven packs; and 0.016 for peel pouches. These differences were not significant. The probability of finding a contaminated coupon in any pack after 50 weeks was 0.018. No trend toward increased probability of contamination over time was observed for any of the pack types studied.

Release Behaviour of Sr-90 From Hydraulically Retrieved ILW Sludge

2008 ◽  
Vol 1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Adsorption Behaviour ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Term Storage

AbstractGlobally, the nuclear industry has a large number of legacy wastes that are stored in ponds, silos and tanks that are nearing the end of their design lifetime and hence said wastes need processing. In the UK there are significant quantities of radioactive sludge that have arisen from the corrosion of early Magnox fuel cans which have been stored underwater. As part of the present aggressive clean-up programme these materials will be retrieved, separated, processed and immobilised as dry waste forms for long-term storage. It is envisaged that hydraulic retrieval will be used for these ILW sludges resulting in some activity being released from the sludge phase to the process liquors challenging downstream ion exchange effluent treatment plants.In order to understand this challenge, experiments have been conducted on sludge in ILW storage ponds and during sludge transfer operations to study the activity released from said sludges. In particular the solubility, adsorption behaviour of Sr-90 is discussed and how this and other aspects of the sludge chemistry impact upon the ion exchange effluent treatment process. The novel methodologies employed to obtain this data is also discussed.

scholarly journals Solving the Distal Reward Problem with Rare Correlations

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Soltoggio ◽  
Jochen J. Steil
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Error Learning ◽  
Millisecond Range ◽  
Term Storage

In the course of trial-and-error learning, the results of actions, manifested as rewards or punishments, occur often seconds after the actions that caused them. How can a reward be associated with an earlier action when the neural activity that caused that action is no longer present in the network? This problem is referred to as the distal reward problem. A recent computational study proposes a solution using modulated plasticity with spiking neurons and argues that precise firing patterns in the millisecond range are essential for such a solution. In contrast, the study reported in this letter shows that it is the rarity of correlating neural activity, and not the spike timing, that allows the network to solve the distal reward problem. In this study, rare correlations are detected in a standard rate-based computational model by means of a threshold-augmented Hebbian rule. The novel modulated plasticity rule allows a randomly connected network to learn in classical and instrumental conditioning scenarios with delayed rewards. The rarity of correlations is shown to be a pivotal factor in the learning and in handling various delays of the reward. This study additionally suggests the hypothesis that short-term synaptic plasticity may implement eligibility traces and thereby serve as a selection mechanism in promoting candidate synapses for long-term storage.

scholarly journals Accelerated Formulation Development of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) and mAb-Based Modalities

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Razinkov ◽  
Michael J. Treuheit ◽  
Gerald W. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Drug Product ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Selection Of

More therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antibody-based modalities are in development today than ever before, and a faster and more accurate drug discovery process will ensure that the number of candidates coming to the biopharmaceutical pipeline will increase in the future. The process of drug product development and, specifically, formulation development is a critical bottleneck on the way from candidate selection to fully commercialized medicines. This article reviews the latest advances in methods of formulation screening, which allow not only the high-throughput selection of the most suitable formulation but also the prediction of stability properties under manufacturing and long-term storage conditions. We describe how the combination of automation technologies and high-throughput assays creates the opportunity to streamline the formulation development process starting from early preformulation screening through to commercial formulation development. The application of quality by design (QbD) concepts and modern statistical tools are also shown here to be very effective in accelerated formulation development of both typical antibodies and complex modalities derived from them.

scholarly journals The technological properties of winter wheat grain during long-term storage

10.5219/1642 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 926-938
Author(s):  
Nadiia Yashchuk ◽  
Liudmyla Matseiko ◽  
Anatolii Bober ◽  
Matvei Kobernyk ◽  
Sergiy Gunko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Storage ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Grain Products ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
Term Storage

In the world, the demand for quality and safe grain products is increasing. The need to preserve wheat in the event of a natural disaster requires the study of optimal storage times of grain without degrading technological indexes. The purpose of the work was to study the dynamics of technological properties of winter wheat grown after peas, clover, corn for silage and the industrial, ecological, biological growing systems during 1, 3, and 5 years of storage in the conditions of the ordinary granary. The absence of significant differences in the technological parameters of the grain of wheat grown at industrial and ecological systems, but significantly lower indicators at a biological growing system was found. The highest hectolitre weight obtained when wheat grain was grown after corn for silage, and vitreousness – after the clover. Significantly higher biochemical parameters of grain and alveographic properties of flour were for the cultivation of wheat after peas, which provided additional accumulation of protein substances. There are no significant changes in the indicator of hectolitre weight during the grain storage. Other indicators increased significantly after 1 year of storage (on average by 10 – 30%). For further storage, vitreousness growth was insignificant. After 5 years of storage, the falling number significantly increased (on 21% compared to the initial values and on 7% – after 3 years of storage). The content of protein, gluten in the grain, and alveographic properties of flour significantly decreased after 5 years of storage. The possibility of obtaining grain of wheat with high technological parameters for a more safe ecological growing system was established. It was also confirmed to need for grain storage up to 1 year to improve quality indicators and it was established that it safely stored for 3 years.

Modelling of Moisture Movement in Wood during Outdoor Storage

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Baronas ◽  
F. Ivanauskas ◽  
I. Juodeikienė ◽  
A. Kajalavičius
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Finite Difference Technique ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Space Formulation ◽  
Term Storage

A model of moisture movement in wood is presented in this paper in a two-dimensional-in-space formulation. The finite-difference technique has been used in order to obtain the solution of the problem. The model was applied to predict the moisture content in sawn boards from pine during long term storage under outdoor climatic conditions. The satisfactory agreement between the numerical solution and experimental data was obtained.

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