Identification and Influence of Tourism Rituals: Analysis of Eye Movement Recognition of Tourism Images

2021 ◽  
pp. 109634802199678
Author(s):  
Da Shi ◽  
Yawen Shan ◽  
Zhiyue Zhao ◽  
Shuhan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Movement Recognition ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
Comprehensive Classification

A large number of symbolic and cultural elements have been included by designers in their photographing and creation of images for tourist destinations. However, the personal visual experiences of those with professional knowledge cannot fully recognize or evaluate ordinary tourists’ identification with tourism rituals. Thus, in this article, potential Chinese tourists will be treated as the research subjects and New Zealand tourism photos as the ritual carriers. In this study, we explore the use of images representing tourism rituals recognized by tourists, and we investigate how the cognitive outcome of those rituals affects the tourists’ intention to travel to the destination. By measuring the participants’ visual parameters, the study shows that images can effectively transfer a solidified sense of ritual. Meanwhile, through a comprehensive classification, the study deepens the theory of ritual tourism. Ultimately, this work explores whether tourists’ perception of rituals can effectively stimulate their motivation to travel.

ANFIS fusion algorithm for eye movement recognition via soft multi-functional electronic skin

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Wentao Dong ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Raffaele Gravina ◽  
Giancarlo Fortino
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Electronic Skin ◽  
Movement Recognition

scholarly journals Teachers’ reflecting on professional knowledge in the numeracy (mathematics) classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Mills
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Mathematics Classroom ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Effective Pedagogy ◽  
Teaching Learning

New Zealand primary school teachers are expected to regularly reflect on their teaching practice in order to consider the implications of past teaching on future planning. Aligned to teachers’ ongoing reflection, the New Zealand Curriculum (Ministry of Education, 2007) contains a section on effective pedagogy—teacher actions promoting student learning, which includes a Teaching as Inquiry Cycle (pp. 34–35). Embedded within their inquiry, teachers consider the teaching-learning relationship and often turn to frameworks of knowledge for guidance. This article shares the implications of using a framework of teacher knowledge in research. While the framework used contained much detail for the researcher, it overlapped categories and at the same time lacked acknowledgement of some important concepts for teachers in classroom practice. Findings from using a framework in this research were combined with findings from previous research to formulate the Wheel of Professional Knowledge, which was developed for mathematics teachers to use when reflecting on their practice.

scholarly journals Do Discount Presentations Influence Gift Purchase Intentions and Attitudes of Chinese Outbound Tourists?

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752091800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Brett A.S. Martin ◽  
Jun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Price Discount ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Chinese Tourists

This study examines how Chinese cultural elements influence the responses of Chinese tourists toward different price discount presentations used by destination retailers. It identifies “8” and combinations of it (e.g., 88) as Chinese cultural icons. It investigates how presenting discounts containing “88” influence the gift purchase intentions and attitudes toward gift shops and the tourism destination of Chinese outbound tourists. The results from two experiments show that Chinese tourists are more likely to purchase gifts and have positive attitudes toward gift shops and their destination when destination retailers use “Pay 88%” than when they use the economically equivalent “Get 12% off” as a price discount. These effects are sequentially driven by consumers’ perceptions of cultural acknowledgment and their positive affect. Moreover, the effects only hold when the country of origin of the retailer is Western; it disappears when it is Chinese.

Student Teacher Knowledge: Knowing and Understanding Subject Matter in the New Zealand Context

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Garbett ◽  
Belinda R Yourn
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Early Childhood Teachers ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Early Childhood Educators ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Changing Role

In the past few decades there has been an increasing awareness of the importance of early childhood education in New Zealand. Concomitant with this has been the move towards professionalising the early childhood sector through a national curriculum and increased expectations for its practitioners. This paper examines issues relating to the changing role of early childhood teachers as they manage the implementation of the New Zealand curriculum. There is no consensus about what makes up the professional knowledge base for early childhood educators. This paper explores the nature of professional knowledge and suggests that subject matter knowledge may be more important than previously recognised for early childhood educators.

Resource Teachers Learning and Behaviour: An Ecological Approach to Special Education

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Brown ◽  
Charlotte Thomson ◽  
Angelika Anderson ◽  
Dennis W. Moore ◽  
Joanne Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Education System ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Inclusive Classrooms ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Resource Teachers ◽  
Demographic Profiles

The Resource Teachers Learning and Behaviour (RTLB) program is a unique special education development in New Zealand. The aim of this program is the creation of a nation-wide network of more than 700 RTLB operating as itinerant consulting teachers providing support in inclusive classrooms. The principles underlying the program are described and an outline provided of the curriculum and methods of delivery. The program also acknowledges the need to address the important bi-cultural elements of New Zealand society. The paper reports on RTLB demographic profiles and the initial responses of teachers to their training. Preliminary indices of program effectiveness are also presented. The paper indicates ways in which the RTLB initiative is likely to develop and notes issues within the New Zealand education system that will both strengthen and constrain the overall development of the program.

scholarly journals Developing Gateways as Tourist Destinations: Ferry Services and Nodal Functions in Wellington and Picton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gui Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Catchment Areas

<p>This thesis discusses the relationship between transport and tourism with a particular focus on how to improve the destination function of gateways. The case study chosen for this research is the Cook Strait ferries and the ferry ports of Wellington and Picton, in New Zealand. With the absence of academic literature dealing with the impacts of tourism in gateways and the fact that the concept of gateway has not been operationalised yet, the thesis proposes, via empirical analysis, a classification of ferry passengers according to four different functions: gateway tourists; overnight gateway visitors; stopover visitors and destination tourists. These nodal classifications basically comprise two variables: the absolute and relative length of stay in the nodes and the main reason for going there. The analytical framework also takes into consideration the passengers' place of origin: those living within the gateways' catchment areas (the Centre Stage of New Zealand Region - CSNZ); those living in New Zealand but outside the catchment areas; and passengers living overseas. Apart from secondary sources, on-board surveys with ferry passengers and semi-structured interviews with operators in Wellington and Picton are used to collect primary data. What the results show is that some segments of passengers are interested in extending their stay in Wellington and Picton if they had been offered more information about these two nodes or a special deal including the ferry crossing and accommodation in one of the gateways. International passengers are the group of passengers most likely to take advantage of these opportunities as those living in New Zealand are more interested to reach their final destinations and perhaps more familiarised with both nodes, so the incentives would not be very appealing to them. However, local operators were not able to suggest offers/arrangements to engage passing travellers to stop and visit these gateways. This can be attributed to lack of funds and relationship issues between tourism operators, particularly in Picton, and one of the ferry operators. In comparison to Picton that has a smaller destination function, results from this research suggested that gateways with a more developed destination function, such as the case of Wellington, are better prepared to convince traffic passing by to stop and visit them as tourist destination. The existence of more tourist attractions and activities is certainly an incentive to persuade travellers to stay longer in gateways. From the operationalisation of the concepts proposed in this thesis and the results obtained from the questionnaires and interviews, this research concludes that not only nodal functions vary from place to place (e.g. Picton as a small resort town and Wellington as a capital city), but also that these functions evolve throughout time, with seasonal variations also occurring (high vs. low seasons). With regards to the direction passengers are travelling and the influence on travellers' functions, variations are identified only among overnight gateway visitors, with the common pattern being passengers staying overnight before catching up the ferry the following day.</p>

scholarly journals Developing an extended model of self-congruity to predict Chinese tourists' revisit intentions to New Zealand: the moderating role of gender

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Yang ◽  
Salmi Mohd Mohd Isa ◽  
T. Ramayah ◽  
Jun Wen ◽  
Edmund Goh
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Revisit Intention ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study developed an extended model of self-congruity by integrating destination image, destination personality, self-congruity, revisit intention and gender.Design/methodology/approachSurveys were conducted with 645 Chinese tourists visiting New Zealand. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was performed to estimate linkages between destination image, destination personality, self-congruity and revisit intention. To compare effects on revisit intention across male and female Chinese tourists, PLS-Henseler's multigroup analysis and PLS-permutation test were conducted to analyse gender as a moderator in the proposed framework.FindingsOur results revealed positive direct effects among destination image, destination personality, self-congruity and revisit intention. Our findings indicated a highly significant difference in the effects of destination personality on ideal self-congruity across male and female Chinese tourists. The association between destination image and self-congruity identified through this model represents a crucial contribution to the tourism literature. This study also enriches tourism research by comparing male and female Chinese tourists' intentions to revisit New Zealand, having identified crucial heterogeneity within female tourists.Practical implicationsThe practical implications from our research can improve destination marketing organization (DMO) officials' awareness of one-time and repeat Chinese tourists' experiences, which strongly trigger subsequent visits.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to examine the direct correlations among destination image, destination personality, self-congruity and revisit intention by considering whether gender might moderate these factors. Our study innovatively adopted PLS-SEM along with several advanced analytical approaches, such as multigroup analysis (MGA) of women and men, to examine our research model.

Are all Asian tourists the same? Chinese versus Japanese dining satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 3529-3545
Author(s):  
Juwon Choi ◽  
Hyeongjin “Harry” Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Local Food ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Japanese Tourists

PurposeWith a focus on tourists' dining experiences, this study aimed to identify food neophobic tendencies and dining attributes that affect dining satisfaction and to compare these factors between two nationality groups – Chinese and Japanese.Design/methodology/approachFrom a paper-based survey, 380 usable responses were collected from inbound Chinese and Japanese tourists at an international airport in Korea. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were employed.FindingsChinese tourists' level of dining satisfaction was related to their food neophobic tendencies as well as to the food, environment and service quality. Japanese tourists perceived quality of food and service only as important, and environment quality and food neophobic tendencies were not related to their dining satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this cross-cultural study can be used to improve understanding of international tourists' perceptions and food-related personality traits and have implications for increasing favorable attitudes toward local food at tourist destinations. Destination marketing organizations and local restaurateurs can use the results to develop marketing strategies tailored to each tourist segment.Originality/valueSuccessful marketing strategies for promoting a tourist destination must consider how tourists view the local food as an aspect of the destination attraction. Many studies have considered all Asians as a single homogeneous entity, specifically in comparison with Westerners. This study attempted to debunk the myth of homogeneity by comparing two Asian countries, which may differ in regard to their dining satisfaction.

EOG-based eye movement recognition using GWO-NN optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Harikrishna Mulam ◽  
Malini Mudigonda
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Error Function ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Movement Recognition ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Novel Model

AbstractIn recent times, the control of human-computer interface (HCI) systems is triggered by electrooculography (EOG) signals. Eye movements recognized based on the EOG signal pattern are utilized to govern the HCI system and do a specific job based on the type of eye movement. With the knowledge of various related examinations, this paper intends a novel model for eye movement recognition based on EOG signals by utilizing Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) with neural network (NN). Here, the GWO is used to minimize the error function from the classifier. The performance of the proposed methodology was investigated by comparing the developed model with conventional methods. The results reveal the loftier performance of the adopted method with the error minimization analysis and recognition performance analysis in correspondence with varied performance measures such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, false-positive rate (FPR), false-negative rate (FNR), negative predictive value (NPV), false discovery rate (FDR) and the F1 score.

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