scholarly journals Experimental Comparison of Runoff Generation and Initial Soil Erosion Between Vineyards and Croplands of Eastern Croatia: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862212092832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Bogunovic ◽  
Leon Josip Telak ◽  
Paulo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Loss Factor ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
N Loss ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
P Loss

Soil and water loss in agricultural fields is a global problem. Although studies about soil erosion in croplands and vineyards exist, the direct comparison between these land uses is missing, especially under continental climates in Europe. Therefore, it is needed to find control measures to the impacts of these land-use management strategies on soil properties and hydrological response. The objective of this work is to estimate and compare the impacts of croplands and vineyards under conventional management croplands and vineyards on soil properties (water holding capacity—WHC; bulk density—BD; soil water content—SWC; water stable aggregates—WSA; mean weight diameter—MWD; soil organic matter—SOM; available phosphorus—AP; total nitrogen—TN) and hydrological response (runoff—Run; sediment content—SC; sediment loss—SL; carbon loss—C loss; phosphorus loss—P loss; nitrogen loss—N loss) in Eastern Croatia. To achieve these goals, a study was set up using rainfall simulation tests at 58 mm h−1 over 30 minutes on 2 locations (Zmajevac: 45°48′N; 18°46′E; Erdut: 45°30′N; 19°01′E). In total, 32 rainfall simulations were carried out, 8 repetitions in vineyards and 8 in cropland plots of 0.876 m2, per location. Bulk density was significantly higher in cropland plots compared with the vineyard. Soil water content was significantly higher in Zmajevac cropland compared with Erdut plots. Also, SWC was significantly lower in Zmajevac vineyard than in the cropland located in the same area. Water stable aggregates and MWD were significantly higher in vineyard plots than in the cropland. Also, SOM and TN were significantly lower in Zmajevac cropland compared with the vineyard located in the same area. Available phosphorus was significantly high in Zmajevac plots than in Erdut. The rainfall simulations showed that Run was significantly higher in Erdut vineyard (8.2 L m−2) compared with Zmajevac (3.8 L m−2). Also, the Run in Erdut Cropland was significantly lower than in the vineyard. Sediment content did not show significant differences among locations. In Erdut, vineyard plots had a significantly lower SL (28.0 g m−2) than the cropland ones (39.1 g m−2). C loss was significantly higher in Zmajevac cropland than in Erdut. Also, C loss was significantly lower in Zmajevac vineyard compared with the cropland. We did not observe significant differences in P loss, and N loss also did not show significant differences. The principal component analysis showed that SOM was associated with WSA, AP, and TN. These variables were negatively related to slope, SWC, and C loss (factor 1). Also, MWD was inversely related to SL, P, and N loss (factor 2). Bulk density and SC were negatively related to Run. Overall, we conclude that noninvertive tillage practices in vineyards preserve soil structure, enhance soil quality, and reduce the extent of soil degradation.

Tillage-induced management impact on soil properties and initial soil erosion in degraded calcareous soils in Mediterranean fig orchard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Bogunovic ◽  
Leon Josip Telak ◽  
Ivan Dugan ◽  
Carla S. S. Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Initial Soil

<p>High majority of soil erosion studies focus on cereal croplands, vineyards, olive, avocado, citrus, almond, persimmon, apple, and apricot orchards. To date, there is a lack of information about the possible impacts of tillage management on soil properties and hydrological response in fig orchards. Understanding this will be crucial to design efficient soil conservation practices and degradation control. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the initial soil erosion in fig plantations and temporal evolution of initial soil erosion after the tillage intervention on undeveloped, Calcic Fluvisol in Dalmatia, Croatia. The study was conducted by collecting undisturbed soil samples, followed by rainfall simulations (58 mm h<sup>-1</sup>, during 30 min, over 0.785 m<sup>2</sup> plots) in eight repetitions per measurement 2 days, 1 month, and 3 months after the intensive tillage. The results showed a clear difference among soil properties trough time. Seasonal effect significantly modifies soil properties and hydrological response. Soil bulk density and mean weight diameter increase (p < 0.05), while water holding capacity, water stable aggregates, soil organic content, and available phosphorus decrease (p < 0.05) by time after tillage<sub>. </sub>The highest runoff was measured 1 month (100.5 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup>), followed by 3 months (82 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup>), and 0 months (48.3 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup>) after tillage. Sediment losses were highest at 3 months (3488.9 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), followed by 3.5 times lesser losses at 1 month (990.6 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), and 8.2 times lower right after the tillage (426.1 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>). Temporal variations of soil erodibility in this study were under the influence of soil natural consolidation and precipitation. Fig orchards on young, undeveloped soils are highly erodible forms of land use and conservation practices need to be deploy in order to mitigate land degradation.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> soil physical properties, runoff, permanent plantation, short-term changes, undeveloped soil</p><p><strong>Acknowledgments</strong></p><p>This work was supported by Croatian Science Foundation through the project "Soil erosion and degradation in Croatia" (UIP-2017-05-7834) (SEDCRO).</p>

scholarly journals Characterizing Soil Physical Properties for Soil Moisture Monitoring with the North Carolina Environment and Climate Observing Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weinan Pan ◽  
R. P. Boyles ◽  
J. G. White ◽  
J. L. Heitman
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Moisture Monitoring

Abstract Soil moisture has important implications for meteorology, climatology, hydrology, and agriculture. This has led to growing interest in development of in situ soil moisture monitoring networks. Measurement interpretation is severely limited without soil property data. In North Carolina, soil moisture has been monitored since 1999 as a routine parameter in the statewide Environment and Climate Observing Network (ECONet), but with little soils information available for ECONet sites. The objective of this paper is to provide soils data for ECONet development. The authors studied soil physical properties at 27 ECONet sites and generated a database with 13 soil physical parameters, including sand, silt, and clay contents; bulk density; total porosity; saturated hydraulic conductivity; air-dried water content; and water retention at six pressures. Soil properties were highly variable among individual ECONet sites [coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 12% to 80%]. This wide range of properties suggests very different behavior among sites with respect to soil moisture. A principal component analysis indicated parameter groupings associated primarily with soil texture, bulk density, and air-dried water content accounted for 80% of the total variance in the dataset. These results suggested that a few specific soil properties could be measured to provide an understanding of differences in sites with respect to major soil properties. The authors also illustrate how the measured soil properties have been used to develop new soil moisture products and data screening for the North Carolina ECONet. The methods, analysis, and results presented here have applications to North Carolina and for other regions with heterogeneous soils where soil moisture monitoring is valuable.

Profile Soil Property Estimation Using a VIS-NIR-EC-Force Probe

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjin Cho ◽  
Kenneth A. Sudduth ◽  
Scott T. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
Soil Strength ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Strength Data ◽  
Soil Sensors ◽  
Combining Data

Abstract. Combining data collected in-field from multiple soil sensors has the potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil property estimates. Optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) has been used to estimate many important soil properties, such as soil carbon, water content, and texture. Other common soil sensors include penetrometers that measure soil strength and apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) sensors. Previous field research has related these sensor measurements to soil properties such as bulk density, water content, and texture. A commercial instrument that can simultaneously collect reflectance spectra, ECa, and soil strength data is now available. The objective of this research was to relate laboratory-measured soil properties, including bulk density (BD), total organic carbon (TOC), water content (WC), and texture fractions to sensor data from this instrument. At four field sites in mid-Missouri, profile sensor measurements were obtained to 0.9 m depth, followed by collection of soil cores at each site for laboratory measurements. Using only DRS data, BD, TOC, and WC were not well-estimated (R2 = 0.32, 0.67, and 0.40, respectively). Adding ECa and soil strength data provided only a slight improvement in WC estimation (R2 = 0.47) and little to no improvement in BD and TOC estimation. When data were analyzed separately by major land resource area (MLRA), fusion of data from all sensors improved soil texture fraction estimates. The largest improvement compared to reflectance alone was for MLRA 115B, where estimation errors for the various soil properties were reduced by approximately 14% to 26%. This study showed promise for in-field sensor measurement of some soil properties. Additional field data collection and model development are needed for those soil properties for which a combination of data from multiple sensors is required. Keywords: NIR spectroscopy, Precision agriculture, Reflectance spectra, Soil properties, Soil sensing.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ON SOIL EROSION PROCESSES AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON HILLY LANDSCAPE IN WESTERN LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras JARAŠIŪNAS ◽  
Irena KINDERIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different land use systems on soil erosion rates, surface evolution processes and physico-chemical properties on a moraine hilly topography in Lithuania. The soil of the experimental site is Bathihypogleyi – Eutric Albeluvisols (abe–gld–w) whose texture is a sandy loam. After a 27-year use of different land conservation systems, three critical slope segments (slightly eroded, active erosion and accumulation) were formed. Soil physical properties of the soil texture and particle sizes distribution were examined. Chemical properties analysed for were soil ph, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N). We estimated the variation in thickness of the soil Ap horizon and soil physico-chemical properties prone to a sustained erosion process. During the study period (2010–2012) water erosion occurred under the grain– grass and grass–grain crop rotations, at rates of 1.38 and 0.11 m3 ha–1 yr–1, respectively. Soil exhumed due to erosion from elevated positions accumulated in the slope bottom. As a result, topographic transfiguration of hills and changes in soil properties occurred. However, the accumulation segments of slopes had significantly higher silt/clay ratios and SOC content. In the active erosion segments a lighter soil texture and lower soil ph were recorded. Only long-term grassland completely stopped soil erosion effects; therefore geomorphologic change and degradation of hills was estimated there as minimal.

scholarly journals Soil Properties and Growth of Maize as Affected by Slope Position and Fertilizer Type on Coastal Plain Sands

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-197
Author(s):  
Utin U. E ◽  
Essien G. E
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Upper Slope

A study was conducted to determine the effects of slope position and fertilizer type on soil properties and growth of maize (Zea mays) on Coastal Plain Sands of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Results obtained showed that soils of lower slope (LS) had the highest contents of clay and silt compared with those of upper slope (US) position. Bulk density of the upper slope soil and that of the middle slope (MS) soils were significantly higher (P≤0.05) than that of LS soil and subsequently, total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) increased downslope. Bulk density of soils that received poultry manure (PM) and NPK+PM were significantly reduced compared to those of NPK and control while total porosity and Ksat of soils that received PM and NPK+PM were significantly higher (P≤0.05) than those of NPK and control. Soils of LS had highest pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, ECEC compared to those of MS and US. The application of poultry manure yielded increase in soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and ECEC when compared to soils of NPK and control. Growth of maize obtained with LS were consistently higher than those of the MS and US soils. Soils of LS that received NPK and NPK+PM had consistently similar maize growth, higher than other combinations of slope position and fertilizer type. The complementary application of poultry manure and NPK 15:15:15 can be the best option for increasing the fertility of soils with varying slope positions on Coastal Plain Sands.

scholarly journals Spatial Variability Modeling of Soil Erodibility Index in Relation to Some Soil Properties at Field Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gyamfi ◽  
J. M. Ndambuki ◽  
R.W. Salim
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Variability Modeling

<p class="1Body">Soil erosion is a major land degradation issue affecting various facets of human lives. To curtail soil erosion occurrence requires understanding of soil properties and how they influence soil erosion. To this end, the soil erodibility index which gives an indication of the susceptibility of soils to erosion was examined. In particular, we aimed to determine soil erodibility index at field scale and establish relationships that exist between selected soil properties and soil erodibility index. It was hypothesized that for soil erodibility index to vary spatially, then the existing soil properties should have varying spatial structure. Hundred disturbed and 100 undisturbed soil samples were collected from a 7.3 ha gridded area. The samples were analyzed for particle size distribution, bulk density, particle density, organic matter content and porosity. All soil analyses were conducted following standard procedures. Data were analyzed statistically and geostatistically on the basis of semivariograms. Sandy clay loam was the dominant soil texture in the studied field. Results indicate significant negative relationship between<strong> </strong>sand content, bulk density, particle density and organic matter with soil erodibility index. Silt correlated significantly with a positive relation with soil erodibility. Estimated erodibility for the sampled field ranged from 0.019 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mmto 0.055 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm. The order of dominance of erodibility ranges were 0.038-0.042 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0. 036-0.08 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0.032-0.036 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0.019-0.032 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0.042-0.055 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm. Regression analysis revealed silt to be the most significant variable that influences soil erodibility. The best regression of soil properties on soil erodibility index gave an R<sup>2 </sup>of 0.90. A comparison of the regression equation with other studies indicated good performance of the equation developed.</p>

Comparison of Field and Laboratory VNIR Spectroscopy for Profile Soil Property Estimation

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1503-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjin Cho ◽  
Alexander H. Sheridan ◽  
Kenneth A. Sudduth ◽  
Kristen S. Veum
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Vnir Spectroscopy ◽  
Dry Soil

Abstract. In-field, in-situ data collection with soil sensors has potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil property estimates. Optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) has been used to estimate important soil properties, such as soil carbon, nitrogen, water content, and texture. Most previous work has focused on laboratory-based visible and near-infrared (VNIR) spectroscopy using dried soil. The objective of this research was to compare estimates of laboratory-measured soil properties from a laboratory DRS spectrometer and an in-situ profile DRS spectrometer. Soil cores were obtained to approximately 1 m depth from treatment blocks representing variability in topsoil depth located at the South Farm Research Center of the University of Missouri. Soil cores were split by horizon, and samples were scanned with the laboratory DRS spectrometer in both field-moist and oven-dried conditions. In-situ profile DRS spectrometer scans were obtained at the same sampling locations. Soil properties measured in the laboratory from the cores were bulk density, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), particulate organic matter carbon and nitrogen (POM-C and POM-N), water content, and texture fractions. The best estimates of TOC, TN, and bulk density were from the laboratory DRS spectra on dry soil (R2 = 0.94, 0.91, and 0.71, respectively). Estimation errors with the field DRS system were at most 25% higher for these soil properties. For POM-C and POM-N, the field system provided estimates of similar accuracy to the best (dry soil) laboratory measurements. Clay and silt texture fraction estimates were most accurate from laboratory DRS spectra on field-moist soil (R2 = 0.91 and 0.93, respectively). Estimation errors for clay and silt were almost doubled with the field DRS system. Considering the efficiency advantages, in-field, in-situ DRS appears to be a viable alternative to laboratory DRS for TOC, TN, POM-C, POM-N, and bulk density estimates, but perhaps not for soil texture estimates. Keywords: In-situ sensing, Precision agriculture, Reflectance spectra, Soil properties, Soil spectroscopy.

Effects of tractor traffic on soil compaction, water infiltration and soil erosion in tilled and grassed vineyards

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Biddoccu ◽  
Giorgio Capello ◽  
Eugenio Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Tillage Operation

&lt;p&gt;Soil erosion is affected by rainfall temporal pattern and intensity variability. In vineyards, machines traffic is implemented with particular intensity from late spring to harvest, and it is responsible of soil compaction, that likely affects soil hydraulic properties, runoff, and soil erosion. Additionally, hydraulic and physical properties of soil are highly influenced by vineyards&amp;#8217; inter-rows soil management. The effect of machines traffic on soil compaction, hydrological and erosional processes has been investigated on a sloping vineyards with different inter-row soil managements (tillage and permanent grass cover) in the Alto Monferrato area (Piedmont, NW Italy). During the investigation (November 2016 &amp;#8211; October 2018) soil water content, rainfall, runoff, and soil erosion were continuously monitored. Field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs), soil penetration resistance (PR) and bulk density (BD) were recorded periodically in portions of inter-rows affected and not by the machine traffic. In order to take into account temporal and management variability of soil compaction and hydrological properties, field-monitored data were statistically analysed, in order to identify existing relationships between climate and management variables and soil physical and hydrological variables. Very different yearly precipitation characterized the observed period, leading to higher bulk density and lower infiltration rates were in the wetter year, especially in the tilled vineyard, whereas soil penetration resistance was generally higher in the grassed plot, and in drier conditions. Soil bulk density and penetration resistance in tracked soil of the tilled plot increase, compared to the grassed plot, after only one to three tractor passages following tillage operation, especially in the topsoil (first 10 cm). Soil compaction affects water infiltration, especially in the wet year. In the tilled vineyard, one tractor passage on wet soil after tillage operation dramatically reduced Kfs from over 1000 to near 1 mm h&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, while with grass cover Kfs remained above the usual rain-intensity values, allowing water to infiltrate the soil. By means of linear and multilinear regression, significant relationships have been found to relate hydraulic conductivity and soil penetration resistance with soil water content, weather variables and a factor that takes into account the number of tractor passages and the elapsed time from last soil disturbance. Lastly, runoff and soil erosion were higher in the tilled plot, even if lower than the long-period average values. Indeed, in the wet year, management with grass cover reduced considerably runoff (-76%) and soil loss (-83%) compared to tillage and, in the dry season.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Effects of reduced and traditional tillage on soil properties and diversity of diatoms under winter wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska ◽  
Ewa A. Czyż ◽  
Anthony R. Dexter ◽  
Cezary Sławiński
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Dispersible Clay

Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify soil properties, microbial biodiversity and crop yield under two tillage systems used for winter wheat production in monoculture. The study was conducted in the period 2013-2016, on a long-term field experiment on a silt loam at the Krasne Research Station near Rzeszów, Poland. Traditional tillage involved soil inversion whereas reduced tillage was a non-inversion system. The following soil properties: chemical (soil organic carbon, pH, available P, K, Mg), physical (soil bulk density, water content, stability in water), and biological (the diversity of diatoms) were measured on samples collected throughout the growing season and at harvest. Soil organic carbon content, water content and bulk density in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm layers were greater in reduced tillage than in traditional tillage. Under reduced tillage the amount of readily dispersible clay was reduced giving increased soil stability in water. Soil under reduced tillage had greater diversity of diatoms (139 taxa) than that under traditional tillage (102 taxa). Wheat yields were positively correlated with precipitation, soil water content and soil organic carbon, and negatively correlated with readily dispersible clay.

scholarly journals Impacts of soil and water conservation measures and slope position on selected soil attributes at a watershed scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melaku Alene Retta ◽  
Hailu Kendie Addis ◽  
Tesfaye Feyisa Beyene
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Lower Bulk Density ◽  
Lower Slope

Abstract Background: The Ethiopian highlands are affected by soil loss caused by soil erosion resulted in soil properties deterioration. To reverse this, different soil and water conservation (SWC) measures were spatially practiced; however, the effect of SWC and slope gradient on soil properties is not studied well in the area. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of SWC and slope gradient on selected soil physicochemical properties at Dawnt watershed, North-western Ethiopia. The treatments were a combination of four different SWC measures with three slope gradients replicated at three sites. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from 0-20cm soil depth and physicochemical properties were determined following standard laboratory procedures. Results: The lab results depict that sand, bulk density, moisture, particle density, porosity, pH, organic carbon (OC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total nitrogen, and available phosphorus were significantly (P<0.05) affected by SWC measures and slope gradient. High OC (2.44%), CEC (45cmol (+) kg-1), and moisture (19.55%) were obtained from Stone-Faced Soil Bund stabilized with Grass (SFSBG) and high available phosphorus (7.83ppm) from Soil Bund (SB) while lower bulk density (1.13gm/cm3) from SFSBG. Additionally, higher clay (41.67%) and moisture (19.81%) and lower bulk density (1.14g/cm3) were obtained from the lower slope. Higher pH (6.75) and OC (2.89%) were recorded at lower slope under SFSBG and lower pH and OC (6.03 and 1.02%) at the upper slope with non-conserved. Soil chemical properties, except available potassium, were increased down the slope.Conclusion: The interactions of slope position and SWC measures affect soil texture; pH, organic carbon, and available phosphorus but do not affect soil bulk density, moisture content, particle density, total porosity, cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, and available potassium. In generally, the soil properties were improved through integrating conservation practices with multipurpose grass species across the study watershed. Therefore, in the study watershed and other similar agro-ecologies, farmers should use integrated SWC measures to avert the rainfall-driven soil nutrient loss.

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