Size distribution analysis of wear particles in the transmission system of mining equipment

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (8) ◽  
pp. 921-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Subrata K Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Debris Particles ◽  
Shape Characteristics ◽  
Work Size

In this work, size and shape characteristics of wear debris particles present in the transmission system of heavy earth moving machines have been analysed. Four oil samples were collected from the dumper transmission system for wear debris analysis. Ferrogram maker has been used to seperate the wear particles present in oil samples and to capture the image of particles. The statistical results confirm that the Weibull probability distribution function has more potential to fit the wear particle size distribution accurately than the Rayleigh model in case of heavy earth moving machines. Results show the initiation of abnormal wears and suggested that condition-based maintenance is necessary.

scholarly journals A simple method of suspending implant wear particles for more physiological modelling of cell-particle interactions in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Poon
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Implant Wear

AbstractArthroplasty implants e.g. hip, knee, spinal disc sustain relatively high compressive loading and friction wear, which lead to the formation of wear particles or debris between articulating surfaces. Despite advances in orthopaedic materials and surface treatments, the production of wear debris from any part of a joint arthroplasty implant is currently unavoidable. Implant wear debris induces host immune responses and inflammation, which causes patient pain and ultimately implant failure through progressive inflammation-mediated osteolysis and implant loosening, where the severity and rate of periprosthetic osteolysis depends on the material and physicochemical characteristics of the wear particles. Evaluating the cytotoxicity of implant wear particles is important for regulatory approved clinical application of arthroplasty implants, as is the study of cell-particle response pathways. However, the wear particles of polymeric materials commonly used for arthroplasty implants tend to float when placed in culture media, which limits their contact with cell cultures. This study reports a simple means of suspending wear particles in liquid medium using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) to provide a more realistic proxy of the interaction between cells and tissues to wear particles in vivo, which are free-floating in synovial fluid within the joint cavity. Low concentrations of NaCMC dissolved in culture medium were found to be effective for suspending polymeric wear particles. Such suspensions may be used as more physiologically-relevant means for testing cellular responses to implant wear debris, as well as studying the combinative effects of shear and wear particle abrasion on cells in a dynamic culture environments such as perfused tissue-on-chip devices.

Classification of Wear Debris Using Weighted Fuzzy Cluster Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Dai Qiang Peng ◽  
Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Fuzzy Cluster ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Machine Condition ◽  
Machine Condition Monitoring ◽  
Fuzzy Cluster Method ◽  
The Membership Function

The analysis and identification of wear particles for machine condition monitoring is usually very time-consuming by experienced inspectors. In order to remedy the limitation, automation of the analysis procedure appears to be necessary. A novel weighted fuzzy c-means algorithm for wear particle classification is proposed in this paper. The algorithm uses the variation of the pixel intensities of a region to choose strong resembling area. Then, the spatial relationships of the membership function are constructed to regulate the pixel membership obtained from the FCM object function. Finally, wear debris are classified based on the fuzzy membership. The example shows that the method is briefly and effectively.

Modelling of wear debris in planetary gear drive

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Rakesh Ranjan ◽  
Subrata Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Slab Caster ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exponential Probability

Purpose The probability distribution of major length and aspect ratio (major length/minor length) of wear debris collected from gear oil used in planetary gear drive were analysed and modelled. The paper aims to find an appropriate probability distribution model to forecast the kind of wear particles at different running hour of the machine. Design/methodology/approach Used gear oil of the planetary gear box of a slab caster was drained out and charged with a fresh oil of grade (EP-460). Six chronological oil samples were collected at different time interval between 480 and 1,992 h of machine running. The oil samples were filtered to separate wear particles, and microscopic study of wear debris was carried out at 100X magnification. Statistical modelling of wear debris distribution was done using Weibull and exponential probability distribution model. A comparison was studied among actual, Weibull and exponential probability distribution of major length and aspect ratio of wear particles. Findings Distribution of major length of wear particle was found to be closer to the exponential probability density function, whereas Weibull probability density function fitted better to distribution of aspect ratio of wear particle. Originality/value The potential of the developed model can be used to analyse the distribution of major length and aspect ratio of wear debris present in planetary gear box of slab caster machine.

Quantitative wear particle analysis for osteoarthritis assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (12) ◽  
pp. 1116-1126
Author(s):  
Meizhai Guo ◽  
Megan S Lord ◽  
Zhongxiao Peng
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Wear Particle Analysis ◽  
Invasive Method

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The aims of this study were (1) to quantitatively characterise the boundary and surface features of wear particles present in the synovial fluid of patients, (2) to select key numerical parameters that describe distinctive particle features and enable osteoarthritis assessment and (3) to develop a model to assess osteoarthritis conditions using comprehensive wear debris information. Discriminant analysis was used to statistically group particles based on differences in their numerical parameters. The analysis methods agreed with the clinical osteoarthritis grades in 63%, 50% and 61% of particles for no osteoarthritis, mild osteoarthritis and severe osteoarthritis, respectively. This study has revealed particle features specific to different osteoarthritis grades and provided further understanding of the cartilage degradation process through wear particle analysis – the technique that has the potential to be developed as an objective and minimally invasive method for osteoarthritis diagnosis.

The Study of Three-Dimensional Analysis Techniques and Automatic Classification Systems for Wear Particles

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Peng ◽  
T. B. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Machine Condition ◽  
Analysis System

Although the morphology of wear debris generated in a machine has a direct relationship to wear processes and machine condition, studying wear particles for machine condition monitoring has not been widely applied in Industry as it is time consuming and requires certain expertise of analysts. To overcome these obstacles, automatic wear particle analysis and identification systems need to be developed. In this paper, laser scanning confocal microscopy has been used to obtain three-dimensional images of metallic wear particles. An analysis system has been developed and applied to study the boundary morphology and surface topography of the wear debris. After conducting the image analysis procedure and selecting critical criteria from dozens of available parameters, neural networks and grey systems have been investigated to classify unknown patterns using the numerical descriptors. It is demonstrated that the combination of the image analysis system and automatic classification systems has provided an automatic package for wear particle study which may be applied to industrial applications in the future.

Nanoscale Characterization of Wear Particles Produced From CNF-Reinforced HDPE Composites

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydar Akchurin ◽  
Songbo Xu ◽  
X. W. Tangpong ◽  
Tian Liu ◽  
Weston Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Autoimmune Reaction ◽  
Debris Particles ◽  
Silane Coating ◽  
Nanoscale Characterization ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Pin On Disk

Wear debris of materials used nowadays in orthopedic replacements is known to be the major cause of failures in a long-term period. Recent studies showed that the autoimmune reaction to the foreign body is not only the consequence of the material itself, but also depends on the size and shape of the wear particles. In this paper, carbon nanofiber (CNF) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) debris particles were characterized both quantitatively and morphologically. Various weight concentrations (0.5 wt.%, 1 wt.% and 3 wt.%) and silane coating thicknesses (2.8 nm and 46nm) of CNFs in the nanocomposites were investigated. Wear tests were provided by a pin-on-disk tribometer with phosphate buffered saline as the lubricant. The wear debris was collected, isolated and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at high magnifications and also by dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle sizing. The DLS measurements were in general consistent with the SEM observations. Small sphere-shaped wear particles of various diameters (predominantly less than 100 nm) were observed on the SEM images for all materials. The particles’ diameter distributions obtained by the DLS technique also showed that the mean diameters of the majority of the particles were mostly less than 100 nm. No correlation was found between the morphology, as well as the size distributions, of the debris particles and CNF concentrations or silane coating thickness in these experiments.

Wear Behaviour and Wear Debris Characterization of UHMWPE on Alumina Ceramic, Stainless Steel, CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V Hip Prostheses in a Hip Joint Simulator

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 7-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Bo Wang ◽  
Shi Rong Ge ◽  
Hong Tao Liu ◽  
Xiao Long Huang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Debris Particles ◽  
Directional Motion ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used in total hip replacement for the last three decades. Despite the advancements in prosthesis design, the wear of UHMWPE remains a serious clinical problem; the release of wear debris may induce osteolysis and implant loosening. Understanding of wear behavior and wear debris morphology of the polyethylene is essential to improve the reliability of hip joint implants. The investigation in this paper carried out wear simulation tests of UHMWPE on Al2O3, 316L stainless steel, CoCrMo alloy and Ti6Al4V alloy, respectively. The lubrication of plasma solution and bovine serum solution was presented in wear tests. The effect of motion and loading on the wear behavior and wear debris morphology, and the influence of femoral head material and assembly style were studied in order to obtain a better understanding of the morphology of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles. It is shown that the wear of UHMWPE acetabular cups against metal femoral heads was significantly higher than that against ceramic heads. The presence of protein in lubricant increases the wear of UHMWPE acetabular cups on Al2O3 heads. The wear rates of UHMWPE in multi-directional motion are approximately 2.5 times of those in uni-directional motion. The size distribution range of the UHMWPE debris particles for all head materials varies from submicron particles up to several hundreds micron. The size distribution range of wear debris particles is not directly related to wear resistance of UHMWPE, but significantly influenced by wear mechanisms. The UHMWPE debris particles produced in hip wear simulation tests are classified as round debris, flake-like debris and stick debris, which are closely related to the primary mechanisms of abrasive wear, adhesive wear and fatigue wear.

Size distribution analysis of airborne wear particles released by subway brake system

Wear ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 372-373 ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Gyu Namgung ◽  
Jong Bum Kim ◽  
Min-Soo Kim ◽  
Minhae Kim ◽  
Sechan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Wear Particles
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