Social and ideological representativeness: A comparison of political party members and supporters in Finland after the realignment of major parties

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aki Koivula ◽  
Ilkka Koiranen ◽  
Arttu Saarinen ◽  
Teo Keipi
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Political Opinions ◽  
Different Levels

This study provides a new frame of reference for understanding intraparty dynamics by analyzing party members’ representativeness with respect to party supporters regarding socioeconomic status and the ideological spectrum in a multiparty system, namely that of Finland. The analysis is based on a unique member-based survey of Finland’s six major political parties ( N = 12,427), which is combined with supporter data derived from a nationally representative survey ( N = 1648). The clearest difference was found between supporters’ and members’ social status as members were generally in clearly higher social positions. However, there is a wider gap between parties when comparing supporters and members in terms of social status. Findings show that political opinions on income equality are still a key difference between traditional mass parties at the different levels of party strata, while incongruence within parties is relatively low. In contrast to the traditional parties, the newer parties, namely the Finns and the Greens, are ideologically close to their supporters in terms of attitudes concerning immigration and environment. Together, these findings provide an interesting landscape of the last decade’s changes in the Finnish political spectrum and contribute to the ongoing discussion on the changing forms of political parties.

The Effects of Manifesto Politics on Programmatic Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Hennl ◽  
Simon Tobias Franzmann
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Core Business ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Decision Mode ◽  
Programmatic Change

The formulation of policies constitutes a core business of political parties in modern democracies. Using the novel data of the Political Party Database (PPDB) Project and the data of the Manifesto Project (MARPOR), the authors of this chapter aim at a systematic test of the causal link between the intra-party decision mode on the electoral manifestos and the extent of programmatic change. What are the effects of the politics of manifesto formulation on the degree of policy change? Theoretically, the authors distinguish the drafting process from the final enactment of the manifesto. Empirically, they show that a higher autonomy of the party elite in formulating the manifesto leads to a higher degree of programmatic change. If party members constrain party elite’s autonomy, they tend to veto major changes.

scholarly journals Refractory Frontier: Intra-party Democracy in the Zambian Polity

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
John Bwalya ◽  
Owen B. Sichone
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
National Development ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Leadership Transitions ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Selection Of

Despite the important role that intra-party democracy plays in democratic consolidation, particularly in third-wave democracies, it has not received as much attention as inter-party democracy. Based on the Zambian polity, this article uses the concept of selectocracy to explain why, to a large extent, intra-party democracy has remained a refractory frontier. Two traits of intra-party democracy are examined: leadership transitions at party president-level and the selection of political party members for key leadership positions. The present study of four political parties: United National Independence Party (UNIP), Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD), United Party for National Development (UPND) and Patriotic Front (PF) demonstrates that the iron law of oligarchy predominates leadership transitions and selection. Within this milieu, intertwined but fluid factors, inimical to democratic consolidation but underpinning selectocracy, are explained.

scholarly journals Suomalainen kulttuuriosallistuminen ja eriarvoisuus: ei-osallistujien jäljillä

2017 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Riie Heikkilä
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Cultural Participation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Cultural Taste ◽  
Socially Motivated

Finnish society is often considered culturally homogeneous, and an aura of middle-class spirit is claimed to label the Finns’ cultural taste and cultural participation. However, it is a well-demonstrated fact that both are intrinsically linked to structural factors like income and social status. The aim of this article is to figure out how Finnish cultural non-participation patterns are distributed in the population and to explore how the leisure time of the non-participants of (highbrow) culture is constructed. Data, a nationally representative survey (n=1388) and household follow-up interviews conducted with its participants (n=28) will be drawn from the research project. The article shows that there are indeed socially motivated differences in cultural participation practices but that cultural non-participation is not necessarily linked to passivity in other spheres of life.

scholarly journals Penguatan Partai Politik sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk Pengadministrasian dan Pelembagaan Sistem Demokrasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-120
Author(s):  
Aprista Ristyawati
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
System Building ◽  
Party Members ◽  
The Law ◽  
Recruitment System

This study aims to determine the strengthening of political parties as a form of administration and institutionalization of democracy. The formulation of the problem in this study is: what are the main issues of political parties in Indonesia at this time and how are efforts to strengthen political parties as a form of democratic institutionalization. The method of approach used in this study is normative juridical and analytical descriptive that is describing the object that is the main problem, from the depiction taken an analysis that is adapted to existing legal theories and put the law as a norm system building. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 (three) Main Problems of Political Parties in Indonesia that occur at this time, namely the weakening ideology of political parties, the recruitment system and the cadre formation patterns of less qualified political party members, the crisis of fundraising / fundraising of political parties. Efforts must be made to strengthen political parties as a form of institutionalization of democracy, namely using the ideology of political parties that must be strengthened, improve the quality and strengthen the recruitment system and regeneration patterns of political party members and there must also be a strengthening of the political party's fundraising system.Keywords: Political Parties, institutionalization of democracy Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan tuntuk mengetahui penguatan partai politik sebagai salah satu bentuk pelembagaan demokrasi. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis yaitu menggambarkan objek yang menjadi pokok permasalahan, dari penggambaran tersebut diambil suatu analisa yang disesuaikan dengan teori-teori hukum yang ada dan meletakan hukum sebagai sebuah bangunan sistem norma. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ada 3 (tiga) Problem Utama Partai Politik di Indonesia yang terjadi pada saat ini, yaitu ideologi partai politik yang semakin melemah, sistem rekrutmen dan pola kaderisasi anggota partai politik yang kurang berkualitas, krisis pengumpulan dana / Fundraising pada partai politik. Upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk memperkuat Partai Politik sebagai salah satu bentuk pelembagaan Demokrasi yaitu dengan cara ideologi Partai Politik harus diperkuat, meningkatkan kualitas dan memperkuat sistem rekrutmen dan pola kaderisasi anggota partai politik dan juga harus ada penguatan sistem pengumpulan dana (Fundraising) Partai Politik. Kata Kunci : Partai Politik, pelembagaan demokrasi

Social media penetration, party politics and elections in Tanzania Emerging practices and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-185
Author(s):  
Christopher Simeon Awinia
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Party Ideology ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Way

Tanzania has witnessed an increased use of social media in political party campaigning over the last decade. Use of social media was nonetheless curtailed by a changing techno-political framework regulated by acts relating to cybersecurity and statistics. This study was guided by two hypotheses: firstly, that despite restrictive cybersecurity laws, social media in recent years has been effectively institutionalised as a new civic cyberspace for political party campaigns during elections. Secondly, increasing use of social media in elections has had a transformative effect on the way party structure was organised to conduct political mobilisation, promote party ideology and both inter- and intra-party interaction, and for fundraising. The study interviewed party members and leaders from five political parties which participated in the 2015 and 2020 general elections and concluded that social media had a transformative effect on core political party campaign activities.

scholarly journals Pemberhentian Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Mohamad Azhar Annas ◽  
Dwi Putri Cahyawati ◽  
Nur Rohim Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Council Member ◽  
The People ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Party Members ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Constitutional System

Abstract.Problems in dismissing board members by their supporting political parties are still a polemic in the constitutional system of the Republic of Indonesia. The presumption of council members as an extension of the party is still a heated debate. So that a council member who should be a representative of the people seems to be a party representative. The regulation of dismissal of members of political parties is contained in article 16 of Act No. 2 of 2011 concerning Political Parties which explains that dismissal of party members is based on several factors, such as death, resignation in writing, becoming a member of another political party and violating code of ethics for Political Parties. This discussion uses qualitative research methods with a literature review approach.Keywords: Dismissal, Board Members, Political Parties Abstrak.Problematika pemberhentikan anggota dewan oleh partai politik pengusungnya masih menjadi polemik dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia. Adanya anggapan anggota dewan sebagai kepanjangan tangan partai, masih menjadi perdebatan yang sengit. Sehingga seorang anggota dewan yang seharusnya menjadi wakil rakyat seolah menjadi wakil partai. Akan halnya pengaturan pemberhentian terhadap anggota partai politik tertuang dalam pasal 16 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 tahun 2011 tentang Partai Politik yang menjelaskan bahwa pemberhentian terhadap anggota partai didasari oleh beberapa faktor, seperti meninggal dunia, mengundurkan diri secara tertulis, menjadi anggota partai politik lain dan melanggar kode etik Partai Politik. Pembahasan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur review.Kata Kunci: Pemberhentian, Anggota Dewan, Partai Politik

scholarly journals The Use of Primaries by Political Parties: The Case of PASOK - A Comment

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Domenico Fruncillo
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Primary Elections ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Internal Procedures

This paper comments on Professor Papanikos’ recent publication in this journal entitled, “The Use of Primaries by Political Parties: The Case of PASOK”. I make a number of observations regarding the argument of the author that primary elections are an application of democracy in the internal procedures of a political party. The question raised is whether primaries enhance democracy, or restrict it, by diminishing the role of party members only in selecting party representatives and have no role in the discussion of policies. Another important issue is the age structure of the participants in the primary elections. Did it matter? More analysis and evidence is needed on this issue to find out whether the relatively younger candidate mobilized more young members and friends to participate in the primary elections of PASOK. Keywords: primaries, elections, voting, political parties, PASOK, Greece

ARCHETYPAL PRINCIPLES BEHIND POLITICAL SPACE REALIGNMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 227-243
Author(s):  
Taras Oleksiiovych Plakhtiy
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Competitive Interaction ◽  
Western World ◽  
Moral Code ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts ◽  
Main Components

Based on our archetypal model of interaction of political party members, we have provided a rationale for and developed a strategy for their activation, involving a willful and conscious choice and introduction by leaders of an integrated set of organizational instruments for streamlining the activity of party units that can ensure direct management of recurrent situations and contexts of competitive interaction in order to prevent initiation and maintenance of interpersonal and intergroup conflicts within such units. Implementation of this strategy is based on launching and using a natural, biologically determined source of activation of political party members, supported by neurohumoral reactions in their brain aimed to carry out the ranking process in competitive interaction situations that coherently occur and transform into situations of cooperation within the framework of an integrated set of organizational tools introduced by leaders. Analysis of the main components of the proposed version of such a set (namely, our method of conflictless teamwork of large groups of people in a dynamic network in combination with strategic planning as a well-known methodology of activity) based on the three basic principles of social psychology attests to its potential to activate party members in the process of their collective activity in the framework of party units. In our opinion, by opting for the recommended integrated set of organizational tools, politicians will help political parties to generate their internal moral code and to spread it outward in the absence or weakening of an external moral code, similarly to the Protestant one, for instance, which to a large extent governed the making of the modern Western world. By creating the initial “crystal” of a new social construction based on the proposed variant of such a set politicians will be able to establish a new generation of political parties through its multiplication, self-propagation and self-dissemination among elite groups, and subsequently to restructure the majority of other organizations following this model in order to overcome the growing social complexity, which over time will lead to realignment of the political space at both national and global levels.

scholarly journals Hak Recall Partai Politik Terhadap Status Keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Muhamad Aljebra Aliksan Rauf ◽  
Marten Bunga ◽  
Hardianto Djanggih
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Household Budget ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legislative Assembly

This study aims to analyze the nature of political party recall rights to the membership of the House of Representatives; recall rights of members of the People's Legislative Assembly by political parties whether they are in accordance with the principles of a democratic state based on law; Juridical consequences of recall rights if they remain in the hands of political parties. This type of research is normative law research. The results of the study indicate that the nature of the right of Recall by political parties to the membership of the People's Legislative Assembly is that political party members who sit in parliamentary seats remain supervised by political parties as political organizations that carry on the democratic stage in order to be submissive and obedient to party policies even if they are against the spirit struggle of the people's representatives. The right of a political party's recall is not in accordance with the principles of a democratic state, if the reason for recalling the membership of the House of Representatives is only limited to members of the House of Representatives who violate the Articles of Association and Household Budget. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Hakikat hak recall partai politik terhadap keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat; hak recall terhadap anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat oleh partai politik apakah telah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip negara demokrasi yang berdasarkan hukum; konsekuensi yuridis hak recall apabila tetap berada di tangan partai politik. Tipe penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatf. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakikat Hak Recall oleh partai politik terhadap keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat adalah agar anggota partai politik yang duduk di kursi parlemen tetap diawasi oleh partai politik sebagai organisasi politik yang mengusung dalam pentas demokrasi agar tunduk dan patuh terhadap kebijakan partai sekalipun bertentangan dengan semangat perjuangan wakil rakyat. Hak Recall Partai Politik tidak sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip negara demokrasi, apabila alasan merecall keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat hanyalah sebatas anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat melakukan pelanggaran terhadap Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga Partai politik.

scholarly journals Telaah Peran Partai Politik untuk Mewujudkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang Berdasarkan Pancasila

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Bayu Dwi Anggono
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Democratic Country ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Penerapan Pancasila sebagai cita hukum bangsa Indonesia dan sekaligus sumber segala sumber hukum negara masih menghadapi sejumlah permasalahan salah satunya kemauan politik pembentuk peraturan perundang-undangan yang merupakan anggota Partai politik. Akibat pembentukan yang tidak bersumber pada Pancasila maka peraturan perundang-undangan yang diberlakukan di pusat maupun daerah menimbulkan permasalahan. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini mengenai cara meningkatkan peran partai politik untuk mewujudkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berdasarkan kepada nilai-nilai Pancasila. Metode pendekatan yang dipergunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah dengan pendekatan konseptual, dengan mendasarkan pada kedudukan Pancasila sebagai cita hukum, serta fungsi partai politik dalam negara demokratis. Temuan yang didapat yaitu fungsi legislasi sering dikesampingkan dibanding fungsi pengawasan dan anggaran, politik mayoritas menjadi dasar pemikiran para pembuat peraturan perundang-undangan dan bukan ukuran ideologi atau konstitusional, pragmatisme perekrutan calon anggota parlemen, serta adanya perilaku korupsi legislasi. Untuk meningkatkan peran partai politik mewujudkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berdasarkan pada Pancasila dapat dilakukan dengan cara mewajibkan Parpol di semua tingkatan menyusun desain politik legislasi dalam masa kampanye Pemilu, kepengurusan Parpol dibagi ke dalam 3 (tiga) komponen salah satunya calon anggota lembaga perwakilan, ketegasan Parpol untuk menarik atau mengganti anggotanya di lembaga perwakilan yang lalai dalam menjalankan politik legislasi Pancasila, memasukkan kurikulum pendidikan Pancasila dalam pengkaderan anggota Parpol secara berjenjang dan berkelanjutan, dan negara segera membuat panduan atau pedoman sebagai dokumen resmi dalam menafsirkan dan memahami sila-sila Pancasila.The application of Pancasila as the legal idealsm of the Indonesia and as the source of all legal sources still dealing with some problems, one of which were the political will of laws and regulations maker which are the members of political parties. As a result of the formation that does not originate from Pancasila, the laws and regulations that are enforced at the central and regional levels cause problems. The issues discussed in this paper are about how to increase the role of political parties to refine laws and regulations based on Pancasila values. The method of approach used in this paper is a conceptual approach, based on the standing of the Pancasila as a legal idealism, as well as the function of political parties in a democratic country. The findings obtained are that the legislative function is often ruled out compared to the controlling and budgeting functions, political majorities become the rationale for legislators and not ideological or constitutional measures, pragmatism for recruiting parliament candidates, and the existence of corrupt behaviour in the legislation. To increase the role of political parties in refining laws and regulations based on Pancasila can be done by requiring the political parties at all levels to construct political legislation design in the election campaign period, management of political parties are divided into three (3) components one of which members of the legislature candidate, the firmness of political parties to withdraw or change the members in the legislature that fail to implement the Pancasila political legislation, including the Pancasila education curriculum in the cadre of political party members gradually and continuously, and the state immediately made guidelines as official documents in interpreting and understanding the Pancasila principles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document