Joking about ourselves: Effects of disparaging humor on ingroup stereotyping

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Argüello Gutiérrez ◽  
Hugo Carretero-Dios ◽  
Guillermo B. Willis ◽  
Miguel Moya
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Traditional Pattern ◽  
Text Condition

In three studies, we examined whether ingroup disparaging humor leads to greater stereotyping of the ingroup. First, in Study 1, ( N = 101) university students were exposed to (a) ingroup disparaging humor, (b) neutral humor, or (c) ingroup disparaging nonhumorous text. Participants exposed to disparaging humor reported more stereotypic evaluations than those in the neutral humor or disparaging text condition. Study 2 ( N = 167) replicated these findings with humor conditions (disparaging vs. neutral) and showed that ingroup identification moderated the effects of the type of humor. Low identifiers exposed to ingroup disparaging humor (vs. those in the control condition) reported a greater frequency of stereotypic evaluations, whereas the manipulation did not affect high identifiers. Finally, Study 3 ( N = 153) also manipulated the source of the jokes. As in Study 2, we found an interaction effect showing that high identifiers were not affected by the manipulation, whereas for low identifiers disparaging humor increased stereotyping and led to more negative emotions toward the ingroup. No significant effects were found for source of the jokes. We discuss findings in terms of how the traditional pattern of humor facilitating outgroup stereotyping also seems to apply to ingroup stereotyping.

When Does Voice Have to be More Than Only Listening? Procedural Justice Effects as a Function of Confident Leadership

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
David De Cremer ◽  
Maarten Wubben
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Negative Emotions

The present research examined how voice procedures and leader confidence affect participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. It was predicted that receiving voice would be valued out of instrumental concerns, but only when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Two laboratory experiments indeed showed an interaction between type of voice (pre-decisional vs. post-decisional) and leader’s confidence (low vs. high) on participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. In particular, post-decision voice only led to more negative responses than did pre-decision voice when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Negative emotions mediated this interaction effect of type of voice on willingness to withdraw. Implications for integrating the leadership and procedural justice literatures are discussed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Emotional Environmental Pictures on Behavior Intentions: The Evidence of Neuroscience Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5142
Author(s):  
Wei-Yin Chang ◽  
Ming-Te Lo ◽  
Chin-Fei Huang
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Behavior Intentions ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
People’S Perceptions

Background: In recent years, researchers have been paying increasing attention to the issues of how emotions affect people’s perceptions of the environment, and how they influence people’s behavior or intentions to act. The purpose of this study is to explore the influences of emotions on environmental intention to act by using the neuroscience technology electroencephalography (EEG). Methods: A total of 70 university students participated in this study. They looked at positive and negative emotional environmental pictures and decided if they wanted to protect the environment after looking at the pictures. The participants wore an EEG cap throughout the process in order to collect their brain wave (EEG) data. Results: The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that the power value of meditation was significantly higher when the participants looked at the positive than at the negative emotional environmental pictures (p < 0.001). The power value of pressure was significantly higher when the participants looked at the negative than at the positive emotional environmental pictures (p < 0.001). The power value of attention was significantly higher when the participants looked at the negative than at the emotional environmental pictures (p < 0.001). Conclusions and recommendations: The findings showed that positive emotional environmental pictures might promote positive emotions, but will decrease the intention to act to protect the environment. In contrast, negative emotional environmental pictures will increase negative emotions, and will also increase attention and intention to act to protect the environment. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Alexithymia, Negative Emotions, and Sexual Behavior in Heterosexual University Students from Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Scimeca ◽  
Antonio Bruno ◽  
Gianluca Pandolfo ◽  
Umberto Micò ◽  
Vincenzo M. Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
University Students ◽  
Negative Emotions

Normalizing in student counseling: Counselors’ responses to students’ problem descriptions

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimmo Svinhufvud ◽  
Liisa Voutilainen ◽  
Elina Weiste
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
University Students ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Academic Skills ◽  
Student Counseling

University students seek counseling to discuss concerns about their academic skills, motivation, time management and well-being. This article examines the conversational activity of normalizing recurrently used by counselors to manage students’ negative emotions and troubles-telling. Normalizing refers to an activity in which something in the interaction is made normal by labeling it ‘normal’ or ‘commonplace’ or by interpreting it in an ordinary way. Three uses for normalizing were identified in a sample of 16 videotaped counseling sessions: (1) supporting the student’s position, (2) challenging the student and (3) presenting the student’s problem as workable. We argue that normalizing is a means of addressing students’ problematic emotions and offering support, yet in a way that maintains an orientation toward problem solving. Furthermore, while normalizing seems to serve affiliation, suggesting that the problems are not unique, it can be treated either as delicate or as problematic by the counselors and by the students.

Perfectionism and Negative Affect After Repeated Failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Stoeber ◽  
Natalia Schneider ◽  
Rimi Hussain ◽  
Kelly Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
University Students ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Initial Failure ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Perfectionists have shown increased negative affect after failure compared to nonperfectionists. However, little is known about how perfectionists react to repeated failure. This study investigated the effects of two forms of perfectionism – self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism – on 100 university students’ reactions to repeated failure (versus repeated success) examining three negative emotions: anxiety, depression, and anger. Results showed that socially prescribed perfectionism predicted increased anxiety, depression, and anger after initial failure and further increased anger after repeated failure. In contrast, self-oriented perfectionism predicted increased anxiety, but only after repeated failure. The findings suggest that both self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism are vulnerability factors predisposing individuals to react with increased negative affect after repeated failure.

Coping With Stalking Among University Students

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Björklund ◽  
Helinä Häkkänen-Nyholm ◽  
Lorraine Sheridan ◽  
Karl Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
University Students ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
And Coping

The present study examined behavioral coping actions and coping strategies in relation to specific contextual factors (e.g., victim–stalker relationship, stalking violence, duration of stalking, and prior victimization) among Finnish university students. Participants completed a stalking survey, also including items concerning coping. Victims of violent stalking threatened the stalker with the use of certain legal actions significantly more compared with victims of nonviolent stalking, but no difference in the actual use of formal help was found. Instead victims of stalking tried to avoid the stalker or turned to friends and family for help. Victim–stalker relationship, stalker violence, and number of stalking episodes had a significant main effect on certain coping strategies (e.g., positive reappraisal, escape–avoidance, and problem-solving), while no interaction effect was found. The findings suggest that knowledge of victim-coping behavior and strategies is crucial for health care and law enforcement professionals when devising appropriate support for victims and developing multidisciplinary approaches.

The interaction effect of anxiety and mood on energy intake and blood pressure in healthy women university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Leila Jampour ◽  
Hadise Hashemi ◽  
Forouzan Behrouzian ◽  
Sima Jafarirad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
University Students ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Healthy Women

Purpose In spite of the importance of food intake in weight management and preventing chronic diseases, it remains difficult to predict how anxious people change their eating behaviour in exposure to bad or good moods. The purpose of the study was to investigate the interaction effect of anxiety and different moods on food intake and blood pressure in healthy women students. Design/methodology/approach A total of 82 women university students (18-30 years) participated in the study. Subjects completed a valid anxiety questionnaire at baseline to measure trait and state anxiety scores, then they were randomly divided into two groups to watch comedy and drama movies for mood induction. After watching, some snacks were presented, and then energy intake and blood pressure were measured. Findings Students who suffered from severe state anxiety, consumed more energy from food when they watched a dramatic movie (p = 0.014). Subjects who suffered from moderate level of state anxiety and watched a dramatic movie experienced more systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared with subjects who suffered from moderate state anxiety but watched the comedy (p = 0.043 and p = 0.041, for systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively). More diastolic blood pressure was shown among students who watched the drama movie and suffered from a severe level of trait anxiety (p = 0.049). Research limitations/implications Electrocardiography and stroke volume measurement were not used. Originality/value Our findings showed blood pressure elevation in anxious people when they experienced bad feeling such as sadness, and they also consumed more energy from food. Both of these factors are related to the occurrence of chronic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases.

Effects of Modulated Emotion and Facial Masking Encounter on Personal Distance

2020 ◽  
pp. 003151252097351
Author(s):  
Natsuo Sakuma ◽  
Kazunari Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

In this study, we examined the effects of participants’ emotional states on personal space when an approaching person’s face was either masked or unmasked. We used the participants’ uncomfortable stop-distance as our method of measuring personal space. Inducing a positive emotion narrowed perceived personal space, whereas inducing a negative emotion widened personal space. For both positive and negative emotions, the perceived interpersonal distance was shorter when the approaching face was unmasked than masked. There was no interaction effect on personal space between induced affect and masking or unmasking the approaching face. This study might provide insight into interpersonal behavior during a pandemic juncture.

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