Emotion regulation and prejudice reduction following acute terrorist events: The impact of reflection before and after the Boston Marathon bombings

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R. Steele ◽  
Daniel R. Rovenpor ◽  
Brian Lickel ◽  
Thomas F. Denson
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Boston Marathon ◽  
Terrorist Event ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Terrorist Events

Research suggests that regulating negative emotional responses to threatening events can help reduce outgroup bias. The present research examined the effect of emotion regulation strategies on outgroup bias during relatively benign versus threatening time periods. Participants were assigned to regulate their emotions (reflection, rumination, or control) while reading a reminder of a past terrorist event and then reported their anger and bias toward Muslims. The bombings at the 2013 Boston Marathon occurred during data collection, which allowed us to examine the effect of emotion regulation on bias before versus after these events via a 3 (emotion regulation) x 2 (timing of bombings) between-subjects design. A two-way interaction between emotion regulation condition and timing emerged on bias and anger. Reflection (compared to rumination or control) reduced bias and anger toward Muslims but only after the bombings. The reduction in anger mediated the effect of reflection on bias only after the bombings. The results provide evidence that reflection is effective at reducing bias when people are experiencing an intense outgroup threat.

scholarly journals The simultaneous use of Emotional suppression and Situation selection to regulate emotions incrementally favors physiological responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Thuillard ◽  
Elise S. Dan-Glauser
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Simultaneous Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Emotion regulation alters the trajectories of emotional responses and, when effective, transforms the emotional responses to help individuals adapt to their environment. Previous research has mainly focused on the efficiency of regulation strategies performed individually at a given time. Yet, in daily life, it is likely that several strategies are often combined. Thus, we question in this study the combinatorial efficiency of two emotion regulation strategies, Situation selection and Emotional suppression. Methods In a within-subject design, sixty-five participants were asked to implement either no strategy, Situation selection only, Emotional suppression only, or both strategies together (four conditions) while looking at various emotionally charged images. Experience, expressivity, and physiological arousal were recorded throughout the viewing. Repeated-measures ANOVAs and corrected post-hoc tests were used for analyzing the data. Results The results of the combined strategies showed that Emotional suppression canceled the beneficial impact of Situation selection on negative experience, while significantly increasing the impact on cardiac activity. The use of both strategies together had a greater effect on respiratory function with an enhanced decrease in respiratory rate and amplitude. Conclusions The combinatorial effect of emotion regulation strategies is different according to the emotional response that the individual needs to regulate. The simultaneous use of Situation selection and Emotional suppression could be particularly beneficial to relieve physiological symptoms.

scholarly journals Examining the role of cognitive bias in emotion regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Usyatynsky
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Interpretation Bias ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Individuals experiencing depressive symptoms interpret ambiguous situations negatively and use helpful emotion regulation strategies less often than those without symptoms. Theory suggests these strategies are used less due to interference from negatively biased interpretations. This study examined whether interpretation bias interferes with emotion regulation by experimentally manipulating interpretations in a positive or negative direction. Method: Undergraduate students were randomly assigned to positive and negative bias training groups. Interpretation bias and emotion regulation questionnaires were completed before and after training. Results: The training succeeded in inducing bias change only for the positive group, and emotion regulation strategy use did not change in either group. Discussion: Interpretation bias was not found to affect emotion regulation. Possible explanations include: bias change in the positive group was not large enough to alter emotion regulation; the task eliciting emotion regulation was ill-suited for this study; and interpretation bias and emotion regulation are unrelated.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic and health worker stress: The mediating effect of emotional regulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoilo Emilio García-Batista ◽  
Kiero Guerra-Peña ◽  
Vahid Nouri Kandany ◽  
Maria Isabel Marte ◽  
Luis Eduardo Garrido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Emotion Suppression ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground/IntroductionPsychological and physical well-being of health personnel has been significantly affected by COVID-19. Work overload and continuous exposure to positive COVID-19 cases have caused them fatigue, stress, anxiety, insomnia and other detriments. This research aims: 1) to analyze whether the use of cognitive reevaluation and emotional suppression strategies decreases and increases, respectively, stress levels of health personnel; 2) to quantify the impact of contact with patients with COVID-19 on stress’s level of medical staff.MethodEmotion regulation strategies and stress level were evaluated in 155 Dominican physicians by means of psychological tests with adequate levels of reliability. In addition, a questionnaire created by the researchers quantified the impact that contact with those infected had on their stress levels.ResultsContact with patients with COVID-19 predicts increased use of emotion suppression strategies, although is not associated with the use of cognitive reevaluation. These findings lead to an even greater increase in stress on health care providers.ConclusionsContextual contingencies demand immediate responses and may not allow health personnel to use cognitive re-evaluation strategies, leaning more towards emotion suppression. However, findings regarding high levels of stress require the implementation of intervention programs focused on the promotion of more functional emotion regulation strategies. Such programs may reduce current stress and prevent post-traumatic symptoms.

The impact of emotion awareness and regulation on social functioning in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (14) ◽  
pp. 2907-2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kimhy ◽  
K. E. Gill ◽  
G. Brucato ◽  
J. Vakhrusheva ◽  
L. Arndt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundSocial functioning (SF) difficulties are ubiquitous among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), but it is not yet clear why. One possibility is suggested by the observation that effective SF requires adaptive emotion awareness and regulation. Previous reports have documented deficits in emotion awareness and regulation in individuals with schizophrenia, and have shown that such deficits predicted SF. However, it is unknown whether these deficits are present prior to the onset of psychosis or whether they are linked to SF in CHR individuals.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional comparison of emotion awareness and regulation in 54 individuals at CHR, 87 with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls (HC). Then, within the CHR group, we examined links between emotion awareness, emotion regulation and SF as indexed by the Global Functioning Scale: Social (Cornblatt et al. 2007).ResultsGroup comparisons indicated significant differences between HC and the two clinical groups in their ability to identify and describe feelings, as well as the use of suppression and reappraisal emotion-regulation strategies. Specifically, the CHR and schizophrenia groups displayed comparable deficits in all domains of emotion awareness and emotion regulation. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that difficulties describing feelings accounted for 23.2% of the SF variance.ConclusionsThe results indicate that CHR individuals display substantial emotion awareness and emotion-regulation deficits, at severity comparable with those observed in individuals with schizophrenia. Such deficits, in particular difficulties describing feelings, predate the onset of psychosis and contribute significantly to poor SF in this population.

scholarly journals Exploring “Sledging” and Interpersonal Emotion-Regulation Strategies in Professional Cricket

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Davis ◽  
Louise Davis ◽  
Samuel Wills ◽  
Ralph Appleby ◽  
Arne Nieuwenhuys
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Verbal Interactions ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Linguistic Analyses ◽  
The Impact

The present study examines cricketers’ perceptions of emotional interactions between competitors. Semistructured interviews with 12 male professional cricketers explored experiences (i.e., emotions, cognitions, behaviors) relating to incidents during competition where they or an opponent attempted to evoke an emotional reaction (e.g., sledging). Cricketers described their use of sledging as aggressive actions and verbal interactions with the aim of disrupting concentration and altering the emotional states of opponents. They described experiencing a variety of emotions (e.g., anxiety, anger) in response to opponents’ attempts at interpersonal emotion regulation; linguistic analyses indicated that both positive than negative emotions were experienced. A range of strategies in response to competitors’ deliberate attempts at interpersonal emotion regulation were outlined. The present study extends previous research investigating interpersonal emotion regulation within teams by indicating that professional cricketers are aware of the impact of cognitions and emotions on performance and attempt to negatively influence these factors in competitors.

scholarly journals The use of the Adaptive and the Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies by Nurses Student in Morocco Facing to the Patient Death in a Clinical Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Lahcen Bandadi ◽  
Nadia Chamkal ◽  
Siham Belbachir ◽  
Ahmed O. T. Ahami
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to describe the adaptive and the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies used by nurse’s student having experienced the death of a patient in a clinical setting. The study was conducted in the Institute of Nursing and Technical Health of Rabat in Morocco. To carry out this study, 64 nurses student from license cycle have recruited (56,2% female, 43,8% male). 37,5% nurses student are from semester two and 62,5% are from the final semester (S6). The mean age is 20,33±1,67. The tool used to conduct this study is the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire. For the all group, the students use less the adaptive cognitive regulation strategies. However we could say that the use of maladptaive cognitive emotion regulation strategies is in the norms. There was significant difference between males and females in terms of catastrophizing (p<0,001), self-blame (p=0,01), rumination (p=0,04) with a high scores among females. Compared to the nurses student from the semester two, the nurses student from the final semester had law self-blame, law catastrophizing, law rumination, and high positive refocusing. The study shows that, facing to the death, nurses student underutilized the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The use of the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies is in the norms. However, significant differences related to the gender and to the study level were observed. These results show the great interest of intervention to promote the cognitive emotion regulation strategies while taking into account the gender approach. Other studies are also essential to deepen this aspect to see the impact of its strategies on nurses students' psychological health as well as on their performance.

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