Snus use during the life-course and risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Lisa Byhamre ◽  
Per E Gustafsson ◽  
Jan-Håkan Jansson ◽  
Maria Wennberg ◽  
Anne Hammarström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Crude Analysis

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between life-course exposure to snus and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components in adulthood. Design and method: Tobacco habits at baseline (age 16) and three follow-ups (ages 21, 30 and 43) were assessed among 880 participants in a population-based cohort in Northern Sweden. Presence of the metabolic syndrome at age 43 was ascertained using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Odds ratios and CIs for risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components by snus use at 16, 21, 30 and 43 years were calculated using logistic regression. Cumulative snus use was defined as number of life periods (1–4) with current snus use. Results: At age 43, 164 participants (18.6%) were current snus users. We found no association between exclusive snus use at the ages of 16, 21, 30 and 43 years and the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years. Snus use (among non-smokers) was associated with raised triglycerides and high blood pressure in crude analysis, but not in multivariable models. There was no association between cumulative snus use and risk of the metabolic syndrome. Cumulative snus use was associated with central obesity, raised triglycerides and impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus type 2 in crude analyses, but not after adjustments. Conclusions: The health consequences of snus exposure from adolescence to mid-adulthood do not seem to include increased risk of the metabolic syndrome or its components. The cardio-metabolic risk of dual exposure to snus and cigarettes may warrant further attention.

scholarly journals Poor breakfast habits in adolescence predict the metabolic syndrome in adulthood

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Wennberg ◽  
Per E Gustafsson ◽  
Patrik Wennberg ◽  
Anne Hammarström
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fasting Glucose ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse whether poor breakfast habits in adolescence predict the metabolic syndrome and its components in adulthood. Previous studies suggest that regular breakfast consumption improves metabolic parameters.DesignProspective. Breakfast habits and other lifestyle variables at age 16 years were assessed from questionnaires. Poor breakfast habits were defined as skipping breakfast or only drinking or eating something sweet. At age 43 years, the effective sample consisted of 889 participants defined as having the metabolic syndrome or not, using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and confidence intervals.SettingThe Northern Swedish Cohort, a longitudinal population-based cohort with 27-year follow-up.SubjectsAdolescents (age 16 years).ResultsPrevalence of the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years was 27·0 %. Of the participants, 9·9 % were classified with poor breakfast habits at age 16 years. Adjusted odds for the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years was OR = 1·68 (95 % CI 1·01, 2·78) for those with poor breakfast habits at age 16 years compared with breakfast eaters. Looking at the metabolic syndrome components, poor breakfast habits at age 16 years were associated with central obesity (OR = 1·71; 95 % CI 1·00, 2·92) and high fasting glucose (OR = 1·75; 95 % CI 1·01, 3·02) at age 43 years, even after multivariate adjustments.ConclusionsPoor breakfast habits in adolescence predicted the metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Of the metabolic syndrome components, poor breakfast habits in adolescence predicted central obesity and high fasting glucose in adulthood. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between early breakfast habits and adult metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome During Menopause

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sezcan Mumusoglu ◽  
Bulent Okan Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aging Women

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises individual components including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The menopause per se increases the incidence of MetS in aging women. The effect(s) of menopause on individual components of MetS include: i) increasing central obesity with changes in the fat tissue distribution, ii) potential increase in insulin resistance, iii) changes in serum lipid concentrations, which seem to be associated with increasing weight rather than menopause itself, and, iv) an association between menopause and hypertension, although available data are inconclusive. With regard to the consequences of MetS during menopause, there is no consistent data supporting a causal relationship between menopause and CVD. However, concomitant MetS during menopause appears to increase the risk of CVD. Furthermore, despite the data supporting the association between early menopause and increased risk of T2DM, the association between natural menopause itself and risk of T2DM is not evident. However, the presence and the severity of MetS appears to be associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Although the mechanism is not clear, surgical menopause is strongly linked with a higher incidence of MetS. Interestingly, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of MetS during their reproductive years; however, with menopausal transition, the risk of MetS becomes similar to that of non-PCOS women.

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome and Mind-Body Therapies: A Systematic Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel G. Anderson ◽  
Ann Gill Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Increased Risk

The metabolic syndrome, affecting a substantial and increasing percentage of the worldwide population, is comprised of a cluster of symptoms associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic conditions. Mind-body modalities based on Eastern philosophy, such as yoga, tai chi, qigong, and meditation, have become increasingly popular worldwide. These complementary therapies have many reported benefits for improving symptoms and physiological measures associated with the metabolic syndrome. However, clinical trial data concerning the effectiveness of these practices on the syndrome as a whole have not been evaluated using a systematic and synthesizing approach. A systematic review was conducted to critically evaluate the data from clinical trials examining the efficacy of mind-body therapies as supportive care modalities for management of the metabolic syndrome. Three clinical trials addressing the use of mind-body therapies for management of the metabolic syndrome were identified. Findings from the studies reviewed support the potential clinical effectiveness of mind-body practices in improving indices of the metabolic syndrome.

FABP1 gene variant associated with risk of metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Zare-Feyzabadi ◽  
Majid Mozaffari ◽  
Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan ◽  
Mohsen Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Amplification Refractory Mutation System ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mutation System ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is defined by a clustering of metabolic abnormalities associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There has been an increasing interest in the associations of genetic variants involved in diabetes and obesity in the FABP1 pathway. The relationship between the rs2241883 polymorphism of FABP1 and risk of MetS remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to examine the association between this genetic polymorphism and the presence of MetS and its constituent factors. Methods: A total of 942 participants were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerosis Disorders (MASHAD study) Cohort. Patients with MetS were identified using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (n=406) and those without MetS (n=536) were also recruited. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples and used for genotyping of the FABP1 rs2241883T/C polymorphism using Tetra-Amplification Refractory Mutation System Polymerase Chain Reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR). Genetic analysis was confirmed by gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Results: Using both univariate and multivariate analyses after adjusting for age, sex and physical activity, carriers of C allele (CT/CC genotypes) in FABP1 variant were related to an increased risk of MetS, compared to non-carriers (OR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.04,1.82, p=0.026). Conclusion: The present study shows that C allele in the FABP1 variant can be associated with an increased risk of MetS. The evaluation of these factors in a larger population may help further confirm these findings.

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Different Definitions in a Hypertensive Population

Angiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Lioudaki ◽  
George E. Vrentzos ◽  
Helen Mavrogeni ◽  
Maria-Helen Zeniodi ◽  
Emmanuel S. Ganotakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Mediterranean Country ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hypertensive Population ◽  
Hypertension Clinic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Results

Aims: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Several definitions of MetS have been proposed. The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare the prevalence of MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), American Heart Association-National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (AHA-NHLBI), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the more recent Joint Interim Statement (JIS) definitions in patients attending a hypertension clinic. Methods: The records of patients referred to the hypertension clinic at the University Hospital (Heraklion, Crete) from January 2001 to June 2009 were screened retrospectively. A total 384 patients (146 men) were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of MetS according to the IDF and JIS definitions was significantly higher compared with that of the NCEP ATP III in both genders (IDF: P = .009 and P = .002, JIS: P = .002 and P = 0.001 for men and women, respectively); this was the case for the AHA-NHLBI definition only among women ( P = .03). All MetS components differed significantly ( P from < .0001 to .02) between patients with and without MetS for all definitions. Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS varies considerably depending on the definition used in a hypertensive population in a Mediterranean country. These differences will influence risk assessment.

scholarly journals Associations between Relative Handgrip Strength and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-aged and Older adults: Finding from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384
Author(s):  
Eun Sun Yoon ◽  
Soo Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk

PURPOSE: We investigated whether relative handgrip strength (RHS) and change in handgrip strength predicted Type 2 DM incidence in middle-aged and older adults.METHODS: Total of 29,098 participants (8,609 men and 20,489 women) aged 40-69 who were free of diabetes at the baseline examination drawn from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Urban Health Examinees cohort (KoGES-HEXA), a large prospective population-based study. RHS was assessed with a dynamometer and divided by body mass index. Diabetes was defined as selfreported physician-diagnosed diabetes, use of anti-diabetic medications or measured fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥6.5%. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of Diabetes incidences according to baseline RHS levels and RHS changes.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up period of 4 years (49.8±13.3 month), 1,167 (4.0%) participants developed diabetes. Compared with the high RHS group, higher risk of diabetes incidence was observed in low RHS group (men HR=1.28, 95% CI 1.06-1.55, women HR=1.32, 95% CI 1.12-1.54) after adjusted for age, triglyceride, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, marriage, income, education hypertension, family history of diabetes, fasting glucose, regular exercise. In addition, compared with the sustained high RHS group, sustained low RHS group showed an increased risk of diabetes incidence (men HR=1.60, 95% CI 1.28-2.00, women HR=1.85, 95% CI 1.52-2.24) after adjustment. However, the risk was not statistically significant in increased RHS group (men HR=0.98, 95% CI 0.73-1.31, women HR=1.11, 95% CI 0.85-1.43).CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicate that RHS is independently associated with the risk of incident diabetes in middle and older adults. RHS measurement may be useful to identify individuals at increased risk for diabetes incidence. Maintaining a high level of RHS is important strategies for diabetes prevention among adults.

scholarly journals Prevalence of different components of the metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetics attending tertiary care hospital in Himalayan region

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5232
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh ◽  
Mridu Singh ◽  
Anil Joshi ◽  
Chitra Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: There are enormous studies on various aspect of Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome, majority of studies are on urban population, few in rural area but very few for the population living in far flung hilly region of Himalaya. The aim was to find the prevalence of different components of metabolic syndrome in Type 2 diabetics living in the hills of Himalaya and to find correlation with obesity.Methods: All the Type 2 Diabetic patients age 35 years and above attending the inpatients and out patient’s department of V. C. S. G. G. M. C and RI Srinagar, Uttarakhand from October 2012 to March 2013 were enrolled and were evaluated for metabolic syndrome by IDF (International Diabetes Federation) criteria.Results: 128 diabetics were enrolled (76 males and 52 females), the prevalence of obesity in patients of type 2 diabetics was 45.3%. There was poor correlation between obesity and type 2 diabetes (correlation coefficient 0.08) The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 40.6 % and high percentage (62%) had all five components of the syndrome.Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity and Metabolic syndrome is relatively lower in Type 2 Diabetics of Shivalik range of Himalaya (Uttarakhand).

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome: what is it and what are the implications?

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Shaw ◽  
W. L. Hall ◽  
C. M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Obesity and overweight are linked with a cluster of metabolic and vascular disorders that have been termed the metabolic syndrome. Although there is not yet a universally-accepted set of diagnostic criteria, most expert groups agree that the syndrome is characterised by impaired insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia (elevated blood triacyglycerols with depressed HDL-cholesterol), abdominal obesity and hypertension. Based on existing published criteria estimates suggest that the syndrome affects a substantial percentage of the middle-aged and elderly populations of most European countries (10–20%) and confers increased risk of type 2 diabetes (2–8.8-fold) and CVD (1.5–6-fold), as well as having a marked effect on morbidity. Although the pathophysiology is incompletely understood, insulin resistance and abdominal obesity are central to subsequent abnormalities in circulating glucose and lipoproteins, and vascular function that lead to type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and CVD. The link between metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and CVD, as well as inability to reverse the present rising rates of obesity, will lead to economically-unsustainable costs of health care in the next 10–20 years. Preventative strategies for metabolic syndrome are required to slow rates of progression and to reduce dependence on costly medical management. A notable development is recent evidence that shows that diet and exercise are more effective than drug treatment in preventing the development of type-2 diabetes in high-risk individuals. The LIPGENE project will investigate dietary fat quality as a strategy for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and identify food chain approaches that can support consumer attempts to alter their dietary patterns.

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