Targeted Poverty Alleviation in China: A Typology of Official–Household Relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-263
Author(s):  
Georgina Davie ◽  
Mark Wang ◽  
Sarah Rogers ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Pairing Mechanism ◽  
The Core ◽  
Micro Level

‘Targeted Poverty Alleviation’ (TPA) is the Chinese government’s latest anti-poverty policy, aiming to lift the remaining 70 million Chinese citizens above the poverty line by 2020. The TPA scheme is novel in that every impoverished household is paired one-on-one with a local government official, who then bears responsibility for the eradication of their poverty. Despite being at the core of TPA, this pairing mechanism has received little academic attention. Based on an empirical case study of ten households across two villages in rural Shaanxi Province, China, this article aims to investigate this pairing mechanism at the micro level and its outcomes for poverty alleviation, in order to better understand how the notion of ‘precision’ is being realized through TPA. Two distinct traits that influence the TPA pairing system emerged: first, the ranking of the assigned local official is important in that higher-ranked officials have greater social and financial resources at their disposal, bringing about enhanced poverty alleviation outcomes for their households compared with lower-ranked officials. Secondly, the willingness and ability of impoverished households to actively participate in their poverty alleviation programme is beneficial within the TPA scheme, achieving better outcomes in the long-term compared with households who are passive receivers. TPA has the potential to work effectively and to achieve China’s poverty reduction goals; however, our analysis shows that some pairing mechanisms are more effective in achieving poverty alleviation goals than others.

Creating continuous areas of old forest in long-term forest planning

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Öhman
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Core ◽  
Long Range Planning ◽  
The Cost

Harvest activities tend often to create landscapes where the old forest is fragmented into isolated patches that provide marginal conditions for species that inhabit forest interiors. This paper presents a long-range planning model designed to maximize the net present value and to create continuous patches of old forest. In this model, the spatial structure of old forest is controlled by core area and edge habitats. Core area is defined as the area of old forest that is free of edge effects from surrounding habitats. The core area requirement is set to a fixed value for each of a number of time periods, whereas the area of edge habitats, which should be as small as possible, is weighted against the net present value. The model is applied in a case study to an actual landscape consisting of 755 stands of forest in northern Sweden and solved using simulated annealing. The results show that distinct continuous patches of old forest are created when both a core area requirement and consideration of the amount of edge habitats are included in the problem formulation. The cost of creating continuous areas of old forest was found to be significant.

scholarly journals Poverty Alleviation Through the Program Slums in the City of Kendari, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Joko Tri Brata ◽  
La Ode Bariun ◽  
Asri Djauhar ◽  
Andi Gusti Tantu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

The long-term goal of the concept of poverty reduction is to give the same level of welfare for the Indonesian people, and in this research is the development of innovative Models of Poverty Reduction, with the subject on (1) How the application design model of the institutional prevention of poverty through interface Program Quality Improvement of Slums and (2) how the efforts in governance of slum through simulation integration with poverty alleviation. The method used is the description by sharpening the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) about the handling of the slums in the city of Kendari and intervention efforts Increase the quality of housing and slums, so that the governance model can be used in other areas in Southeast Sulawesi.

Impact of climate variability on coffee yield in India—with a micro-level case study using long-term coffee yield data of humid tropical Kerala

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 335-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jayakumar ◽  
M. Rajavel ◽  
U. Surendran ◽  
Girish Gopinath ◽  
K. Ramamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Coffee Yield ◽  
Micro Level

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN (STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN LATAMBAGA KABUPATEN KOLAKA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Abdul Sabaruddin ◽  
Maulid Maulid
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Beneficiary Community

This paper would like to explain the implementation of poverty reduction program in Latambaga Kolaka District. A qualitative approach is used to look at social phenomena related to human behavior and work processes. Observational case study, directed to specific groups and networks of actors involved in poverty reduction policy formulation In accordance with the theme of policy studies. The information data obtained in analyzed by using interactive model. These poverty alleviation programs do not seem to have changed lives for the target community. Kolaka Regency Government encountered obstacles with limited limitations both organizational, management and finance. Even the main obstacle is the behavior of the beneficiary community. A finding in the field, another factor that has not been effective in poverty reduction programs is the unavailability of valid poverty data.

scholarly journals Delphi Technique in Urban Poverty Alleviation in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Rajshahi City

IIUC Studies ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
Md Jahan Boksh Moral ◽  
Farid Ahammad Sobhani ◽  
Ruslan Rainis
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Delphi Techniques ◽  
Rajshahi City

This study aims at investigating scholastic thoughts regarding poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. Two round Delphi techniques were applied to obtain experts’ opinion in support of probable resolution of poverty. University academics, government officials, non-government executives, and social & political personalities have been considered as scholars. The study reveals that limitation of job is the fundamental cause of poverty. Consequently, the poor are bound to live in vulnerable unhygienic places where inadequate services are prevailing. It is also opined by the experts that home-based work and special training will help the poor to get job that will lead to reduce poverty to a great extent. A lack of integration is evident among different opinions of the scholars. As a result, the poverty reduction efforts show insignificant achievement in view of its goal. A number of suggestions have been recommended to alleviate poverty in the urban area like Rajshahi city in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v6i0.12250 IIUC Studies Vol.6 2010: 77-96

Reflections on Microfinance

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-207
Author(s):  
Sovik Mukherjee ◽  
Ramesh Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Microfinance has become the latest buzzword in the credit markets where it shoulders the responsibility of alleviating poverty coupled with socio-economic development. Dealing with microfinance coupled with the issue of poverty reduction, the first concern is to handle the twin objectives of poverty alleviation and achievement of financial self-sufficiency, which are often at loggerheads. To begin with, the present chapter constructs a five-dimensional human poverty index (HPI) in terms of the rate of unemployment, state wise illiteracy rate, state-wise infant mortality rate, state-wise percentage of population below the poverty line, and the percentage of population not having an access to electricity for the states across India. Thus, this will serve as an index for the extent of poverty. Consequently, a fall in the value of the index actually implies poverty alleviation. This empirical model does not justify the hypothesis that “microfinance reduces poverty” at the macro level using cross-state panel data for India.

scholarly journals Social inequalities in hostility toward vaccination against Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Spire ◽  
Lena Silberzan ◽  
Nathalie Bajos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Large Random Sample

In recent decades, France has appeared as a country particularly hostile to vaccination in general. When asked in November 2020 about the intention to take the Covid-19 vaccine, the French public showed, once again, reluctance. Therefore, France appeared as an ideal case study to analyze whether the hostility toward the Covid-19 vaccine has its own reasons or whether it is related to the reluctance to the principle of vaccination itself. Our objective was to determine the specificity of the social determinants of the intention to get the Covid-19 vaccine. Thanks to the use of a large random sample of the general population in France (86,000 individuals), the reluctant to Covid-19 vaccine could be clearly distinguished from the hesitant and the convinced, and thereby thoroughly analyzed. Our analysis highlighted a gendered reluctance toward vaccination in general but even more so regarding vaccination against Covid-19. It might refer to women being more concerned about the possible effects of an injection in their body, especially at the age of maternity and a differentiated socialization making them more sensitive than men to long-term risks and more apprehensive toward rapid technological change. We also found that people at the bottom of the social hierarchy, in terms of level of education, financial resources, and immigration status, were more likely to refuse the Covid-19 vaccine. Nevertheless, this reluctance was less prominent than for vaccination in general, reflecting the actual spread of the epidemic in various social milieux. Finally, our analysis showed that trust in the government's actions was significantly associated with reluctance toward the Covid-19 vaccine, even more than toward vaccination in general. Specific campaigns should be thought beforehand to reach women and people at the bottom of the social hierarchy to avoid furthering social inequalities in terms of morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals SPECIAL AUTONOMY FUND TO REDUCE POVERTY: DOES IT WORK?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-370
Author(s):  
Ikhsan ◽  
Utang Suwaryo ◽  
Neneng Yani Yuningsih ◽  
Franciscus Van Ylst
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Data

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to examine the role of special autonomy funds in poverty reduction in Aceh and to find out how to deal with poverty in Aceh and what obstacles are faced by Aceh Government. Methodology: This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach to provide a detailed explanation and exploitation. Research data obtained through interviews and data obtained also through local and national online media and the media data were analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus, specifically by using the NCapture feature, which allows researchers to systematically compile and analyze documents. Main Findings: This study found that the implementation of poverty reduction programs and policies is still in the form of false participation due to low transparency and accountability and economic dependence on other regions outside Aceh and the small number of medium and large industries in Aceh. Applications of this study: The findings of this study are useful for exploration by the Aceh Government in order to maximize the role of special autonomy funds in poverty alleviation efforts in Aceh. Novelty/Originality of this study: Research on the Aceh Special Independence Fund has been widely explained by a number of researchers. However, there is no publication that specifically explains the role of special self-government funds to reduce poverty. Consequently, the use of accountable and transparent special autonomy funds can reduce poverty in Aceh.

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