scholarly journals ‘I WILL DO EVERYthing That Am Asked’: Scambaiting, Digital Show-Space, and the Racial Violence of Social Media

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Racial Violence ◽  
Media Archaeology ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Visual Cultures

‘Trophy’ photographs of African men and women who pose holding signs, either naked or in outrageously bizarre outfits and positions, are prized memetic images produced by ‘scambaiters’. The unusual activities staged in these photographs and videos, such as men wearing bras, hitting each other in the face with fish, and pouring milk on each other’s heads, invite viewers to enjoy and speculate about their origins. Scambaiter trophy images originate in sites devoted to users who wish to deter would-be scammers and they circulate widely on image-boards where they are often reposted without their original context. This visual staging of the savage African digitally extends previous visual cultures of the primitive, showing how durable these have proven, despite our current ‘post-racial’ moment. Scambaiter trophy images extend colonialism’s show-space, rendering it even more powerful and far reaching, and allowing it to migrate freely into multiple contexts. This article argues for a new digital media archaeology that would investigate or acknowledge the conditions of racial coercion and enforced primitivism that gave rise to these digital imaging practice pictures. The author examines how sharing affordances on image boards and social media sites encourage users to unknowingly circulate abject images of race and gender.

scholarly journals Victimization of Women in the Select Novels of Alex Haley

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 4676-4679
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Racial Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
Alex Haley

Alex Haley brings out his issues related to race and gender in his novels. He highlights the suppression of women by men, struggle for equality for women, discrimination taking place in all levels such as physical, mental and economic in his novels. Women have been made as victims at the high-handedness of men. They face physical abuse and mental torture. During the slave trade, men and women had brought from Africa to serve in the fields of America. Alex Haley throws light on the status of Black women in her novels who have been made victims of physical and mental abuse. The main purpose of slave trade is to bring human resource from other countries especially from Africa and sell them in the open markets just as cattle. When the slaves are sold, rich plantation owners buy them and the slaves become their property. If it is a man, he must do all the farm works. In the case of a girl, she will be raised till she attains her puberty and she must do all the household works. It is the duty of the slave girl to take care and raise the owner’s children. The slave girl will have to face sexual abuses from their white masters. They get pregnant because of their masters. Sometimes, slave girls will be sold to another White master for money. The Black slave girls undergo cruel treatment from their owners. They have experienced severe sexual harassments because of their gender and race. This paper focuses on how woman becomes a victim of racial violence and sexual harassment during the slavery period in Alex Haley’s novels

scholarly journals Intersecting race and gender stereotypes: Implications for group-level attitudes

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1172-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis E. Phills ◽  
Amanda Williams ◽  
Jennifer M. Wolff ◽  
Ashley Smith ◽  
Rachel Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
South Asians ◽  
The United States ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Two studies examined the relationship between explicit stereotyping and prejudice by investigating how stereotyping of minority men and women may be differentially related to prejudice. Based on research and theory related to the intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008), we hypothesized that stereotyping of minority men would be more strongly related to prejudice than stereotyping of minority women. Supporting our hypothesis, in both the United Kingdom (Study 1) and the United States (Study 2), when stereotyping of Black men and women were entered into the same regression model, only stereotyping of Black men predicted prejudice. Results were inconsistent in regard to South Asians and East Asians. Results are discussed in terms of the intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008) and the gendered nature of the relationship between stereotyping and attitudes.

scholarly journals Intersectionality, Identity Politics and Violence Against Women of Color

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
White Women ◽  
Racial Violence ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Racial Stratification ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Experiences Of Women

Identity-based politics has been a source of strength for people of color, gays and lesbians, among others. The problem with identity politics is that it often conflates intra group differences. Exploring the various ways in which race and gender intersect in shaping structural and political aspects of violence against these women, it appears the interests and experiences of women of color are frequently marginalized within both feminist  and antiracist discourses. Both discourses have failed to consider the intersections of racism and patriarchy. However,  the location of women of color at the intersection of race and gender makes our actual experience of domestic violence, rape, and remedial reform quite different from that of white women. Similarly, both feminist and antiracist politics have functioned in tandem to marginalize the issue of violence against women of color. The effort to politicize violence against women will do little to address the experiences of nonwhite women until the ramifications of racial stratification among women are acknowledged. At the same time, the anti-racist agenda will not be furthered by suppressing the reality of intra-racial violence against women of color. The effect of both these marginalizations is that women of color have no ready means to link their experiences with those of other women.

Indigenous Journalisms

Reckoning ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 160-199
Author(s):  
Candis Callison ◽  
Mary Lynn Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethical Consideration ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
And Gender

Chapter 6 draws on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with Indigenous journalists in Canada and the United States who have been addressing colonialism, race, and gender in their journalism all along. Indigenous journalists articulate the challenges of working in and among mainstream media that has largely erased and misrepresented Indigenous voices, communities, and concerns on a range of issues. They undertake a differentiated set of approaches that draw on journalism ideals and get at deeper problems structurally such that transformation within journalism as profession, identity, and method might be possible. As a result, Indigenous journalists are using digital media to transform journalism methods, decolonizing journalism ideals like “fairness and balance” by drawing from Indigenous knowledge, histories, and relational frameworks. This chapter provides a bookend to Chapter 1 by offering a pathway into discussing not only new bases for ethical consideration but also provides examples of some of the multiple journalisms available through digital media.

scholarly journals Visualizing Police Exposure by Race, Gender, and Age in New York City

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311982891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalisha Dessources Figures ◽  
Joscha Legewie
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Black Men ◽  
York City ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Hispanic Men ◽  
And Gender

This figure depicts the disparities in average police stops in New York City from 2004 to 2012, disaggregated by race, gender, and age. Composed of six bar charts, each graph in the figure provides data for a particular population at the intersection of race and gender, focusing on black, white, and Hispanic men and women. Each graph also has a comparative backdrop of the data on police stops for black males. All graphs take a similar parabolic shape, showing that across each race-gender group, pedestrian stops increase in adolescence and peek in young adulthood, then taper off across the adult life course. However, the heights of these parabolic representations are vastly different. There are clear disparities in police exposure based on race and gender, with black men and women being more likely than their peers to be policed and with black men being policed significantly more than their female counterparts.

Literacy Skills and Earnings: Race and Gender Differences

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto M. De Anda ◽  
Pedro M. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
White Men ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Literacy Skill ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Document Literacy

This study examines differences in returns to literacy skills on earnings of black and white men and women. Literacy skill is a composite measure of three scales: reading comprehension, document literacy (the ability to locate and use information in, say, tables and graphs), and mathematics proficiency. Using data from the National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS), we estimate earnings determination models separately for each racial/gender group. Our findings show that the effect of literacy on earnings varies by race and gender. Literacy skills favorably rewarded black men relative to black women and white men and women, net of education and other relevant variables. More importantly, literacy completely explained the effect of a high school diploma and some college on earnings of black men. We conclude that the economic importance of literacy skills is particularly salient for less-educated black men.

Representing Aboriginal Masculinity in Howard’s Australia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shino Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Military Intervention ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Colonial Culture ◽  
Fourth Term ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Gender

This chapter examines the way in which the Howard government and its supporters revitalized colonial tropes about Aboriginal masculinity in order to progressively dismantle and undermine indigenous rights and sovereignty, culminating in the quasi-military intervention into supposedly dysfunctional Aboriginal communities towards the end of Howard's fourth term. It critiques and historicizes a range of demeaning representations that assume Aboriginal men are violent and misogynistic. These representations can be traced back to initial encounters between European and indigenous men. The aim is to bring academic, media, and governmental discourses about Aboriginal masculinity into conversation with masculinity studies, which means contextualizing notions of Aboriginal masculinity in ways that avoid unreflective colonial conceptions. Finally, the chapter examines the public response of Aboriginal men to this demonization, and how they negotiate their own masculine identities in the face of a colonial culture that disparages them for their race and gender.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DAN PENINGKATAN KINERJA DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA DIGITAL PADA UMKM CAFÉ TIRTASARI KOTA PADANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Emil Salim ◽  
Halifia Hendri ◽  
Riska Robianto
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Face

Abstrak: Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini tujuan untuk mengembangkan usaha dan meningkatkan kinerja karyawan dalam menghadapi era digital saat ini. Strategi yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan usaha dan meningkatkan omzet pada era digital saat ini sangat berbeda dengan era-era sebelumnya. Pada era digital ini lebih banyak memanfaatkan media digital (online) baik itu dari segi promosi, layanan maupun penjualan. Strategi pengembangan usaha yang diberikan adalah dengan cara mendaftarkan Café tersebut ke aplikasi pengantar makanan online seperti Go-Food dan Grab-Food agar konsumen dapat berbelanja secara online. Selain itu, untuk metode promosi lebih baik menggunakan media sosial seperti Facebook (FB) dan Instagram (IG). Metode untuk peningkatan kinerja adalah dengan cara memberikan bonus kepada karayawan yang rajin dan disiplin. Berdasarkan pengamatan tingkat pemahaman mitra rata-rata sebesar 70%. Hasil yang diperoleh oleh mitra setelah 3 bulan menerapkan metode ini adalah meningkatnya omzet penjualan sebesar 40% dari sebelumnya.Abstract:  Devotion to this community aims to develop business and improve the performance of employees in the face of the current digital era. The strategy used to grow the business and increase the turnover in the current digital period is very different from the previous ages. In this digital era, more utilizing digital media (online), both in terms of promotion, service, and sales. The business development strategy provided is to register the Café to an online food introduction application such as Go-Food and Grab-Food so that consumers can shop online. Besides, for a better method of promotion using social media such as Facebook (FB) and Instagram (IG). The method for performance enhancement is to provide bonuses to diligent and disciplined employees. Based on the average partner's understanding rate of 70%. The results obtained by the partner after three months of implementing this method is an increase in sales turnover of 40% than before.

scholarly journals A Generational War Is Launched with The Birth of Ok Boomer in The Digital Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Joon Lim ◽  
Jennifer Lemanski
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

This study examined recent virality of “Ok Boomer” in the United States. The term of Ok Boomer gained overnight momentum in the public sphere as the symbol of a generational war. While previous research has primarily examined racial and gender tensions, this study introduced a new phenomenon of the generational conflict between “Ok Boomers” and “Baby Boomers,” in which social media originated the term of Ok Boomer and traditional media diffused it with framed meaning. Diffusion of Innovation theory was used to better understand the path of how “Ok Boomer” as a catchphrase, hashtag, noun cluster or trend resulted in attracting a massive amount of media and public attention. Relying on Node XL, Google Trends, and Nexus Nexis for data gathering and analyses, this study categorized four themes for a word, or an idea as an innovation to be publicly acknowledged: collaboration of social media and traditional media, public figures’ involvement for debate; confrontational social issues, and media-framed agenda. In sum, this study argues the term of Ok Boomer symbolizes the advent of a generational war in society in line with the long-standing race and gender wars in the media coverage.

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