scholarly journals Supportive assessment strategies as curriculum events in a performance-oriented classroom context

2021 ◽  
pp. 147490412110303
Author(s):  
Bettina Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
School Year ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Assessment Strategies

This article examines the role and pedagogical implications of supportive assessment strategies at the interface where curriculum, general Didaktik and pedagogy meet; theoretically, the article draws upon concepts from research in each of those domains. This interplay is examined in relation to the performance-orientation on two curricular levels: on the programmatic curriculum level, Sweden is used as an example for a result-oriented curricular assessment context. On the enacted curriculum level, a high-performing class in year 8 in a Swedish compulsory school is chosen as a concrete case. Methodologically, the study represents a classroom case study. The empirical data corpus has been collected during one school year and consists of video-recorded lesson observations in the subjects of Swedish and science, semi-structured interviews with teachers and students, and field notes and teaching artefacts in the form of teaching documents. The results show that the supportive assessment strategies used in this classroom context can be understood as a kind of catalyst for the curricular performance orientation, where the effective achievement of externally set up outcome expectations is the purpose. Finally, this is critically discussed, among others, in relation to a bildungs-oriented understanding of education.

scholarly journals CHARACTER BUILDING AND CREATIVITY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE WARM UP GAME

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-162
Author(s):  
Ririn Ambarini
Keyword(s):  
Flow Model ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Class A ◽  
School Year ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Physical Response ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Character Building ◽  
Implementation Data

This study was aimed at determining the improvement of the character building and creativity levels of the students through TPR Warm Up Game. The study was action research including the activities of planning, implementation, data collection, and data analysis. The study was conducted in the second semester of the school year 2011/2012. The subjects were teachers and students of Class A of Doa Ibu kindergarten. Data were collected through observation, field notes, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the data was verified by triangulation. The data were analyzed using the descriptive qualitative flow model. Results show that there was an improvement in the character building and creativity levels of students after the implementation of the TPR Warm up Game. Improvement was also indicated by creative reactions, longer attention spans, self-confidence/organization, the expression of ideas, development of imagination, and increament of new vocabulary. The success of character building and creativity improvement is also supported by the methods of giving the opportunities for exploration and giving motivation in the form of praisesPENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER DAN KREATIVITAS ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE WARM UP GAMEPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengembangan karakter dan kreativitas anak melalui Total Physical Response (TPR) Warm Up Game. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Kegiatan penelitian meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengumpulan data, dan menganalisis data/informasi. Pelaksanaan penelitian direncanakan pada Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2011/2012. Subjek penelitian adalah guru dan anak didik kelompok A TK Doa Ibu, Kecamatan Tembalang, Semarang. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, catatan lapangan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diperiksa dengan triangulasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif model alur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan pengembangan karakter dan kreativitas anak melalui TPR Warm Up Game. Untuk meningkatkan pengembangan karakter dan kreativitas anak melalui TPR Warm Up Game juga didukung oleh beberapa indikator yaitu reaksi kreatif, rentang perhatian yang panjang, pengorganisasian diri/kepercayaan diri, mengaitkan ide atau gagasan/berekspresi, pengembangan imajinasi, dan penambahan kosakata baru. Selain itu, keberhasilan dalam peningkatan pengembangan karakter dan kreativitas juga didukung metode pendukung di antaranya adalah pemberian waktu untuk bereskplorasi dan pemberian motivasi berupa pujian

Informed consent: Towards improved lay-friendliness of patient information sheets

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Morten Pilegaard ◽  
Hanne Berg Ravn
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Microsoft Word ◽  
Text Production ◽  
Linguistic Intervention ◽  
Set Up

Regional research ethics committee (REC) members have voiced a need for the linguistic improvement of informed consent documents to ensure duly informed consent and to ease committee deliberation. We have little knowledge of what elements of language use hamper comprehension, or of the extent of medical researchers’ appreciation of this problem and their willingness to accept intervention. This qualitative, explorative study proposes an intervention design and tests its feasibility and acceptability. Semi-structured interviews with potential REC applicants informed a linguistic intervention benchmarked against existing guidelines, mandated locally and nationally, and then evaluated quantitatively in a semi-controlled set-up and qualitatively via questionnaires. Potential applicants professed the psychological acceptability of linguistic intervention. The intervention comprised a downloadable Microsoft Word template outlining information structure, a detailed guideline offering advice for each move and self-selected linguistic screening. It was used by 14 applicants and had a measurable effect on REC deliberation time and approval rates. The intervention instruments overall made it easier for applicants to produce informed consent documents meeting prescribed ethical standards concerning lay-friendliness. In conclusion, it was found that linguistic intervention is relevant, feasible and psychologically acceptable to REC applicants; it aids their text production process and seems to enhance the lay-friendliness of these texts.

Observing the Interethnic Friendships in Elementary and Secondary Religion-Based School

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
Older Children ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Interethnic Friendships ◽  
Level I

Friendships provide opportunities to build empathy and practice social skills. Being friends with ethnically diverse peers can create opportunities for academic and social learning different from the opportunities afforded by same-ethnic friendships. Through my observation, I had been finding that elementary and secondary school students are less likely to have friends of a different ethnic — even from the beginning to the end of a single school year, as they progress in school. My observation show that most childhood friendships are formed in classrooms, but children tend to form friendships with others of their own ethnicity, with interethnic friendships decreasing across ages and grades. The observation looked at student and classroom factors that affect the likelihood of children forming friendships across ethnic. On an individual or student level, I looked at age, ethnic, and psychosocial factors, including sociability, internalizing behavior (such as worrying or feeling sad) and externalizing behavior (such as acting out or getting in trouble). I also examined factors related to classroom context, including teacher support, whether teachers treat students with varying levels of academic achievement differently, and competition among students. Results suggest that same-ethnic friendships increase over the school year, with greater increases among white and older children. Externalizing behavior predicted a greater increase in same-ethnic friendships, particularly among ‘domestic’ (Javanese: ‘cah kene dewe’) students. Teachers and classroom context influenced student friendships in two different ways. It suggests that teachers may make a difference in how students select and maintain friends. Classroom support -- measured by student perceptions of teachers' warmth, respect, and trust -- predicted less of an increase in same-ethnic friendships from fall to spring. In last, my observation points to the need not just for diverse schools, but also for teachers to foster classrooms where students and teachers support one another, and social and academic hierarchies are not dominant, which could increase the likelihood of students developing and maintaining interethnic friendships.

scholarly journals Exploring the experiences related to postpartum changes: perspectives of mothers and healthcare providers in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Asadi ◽  
Mahnaz Noroozi ◽  
Mousa Alavi
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
New Period ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Field Notes

Abstract Background Numerous changes occur in different aspects of women’s lives in the postpartum period. Women’s adjusting with problems and taking advantage of this opportunity can develop their personality. In this regard, accurate knowledge of their experiences and feelings is necessary to help them to benefit from this period. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the experiences related to postpartum changes in women. Methods In the present qualitative study, 23 participants, including women of childbearing age who gave birth and healthcare providers (midwives and obstetricians) in Isfahan, Iran were selected using purposive sampling with a maximum variation strategy. Data were collected through in-depth semi structured interviews, field notes, and daily notes, and simultaneously analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis. Results The data analysis results led to the extraction of three main categories including “feeling of decreased female attractiveness” (with two sub-categories of “ feeling of decreased beauty” and “feeling of decreased sexual function”), “feeling of insolvency and helplessness” (with two sub-categories of “physical burnout”, and “mental preoccupations”) and “beginning a new period in life” (with three sub-categories of “changing the meaning of life”, “feeling of maturity” and “deepening the communication”). Conclusions Findings of this study can provide a good context for designing interventions to improve the women’s quality of life by explaining and highlighting their experiences in the postpartum period. In this regard, providing sufficient empathy, social and psychological support from family members (especially husband), performing appropriate educational interventions and also regular assessment of women’s psychological state by healthcare providers in postpartum period can reduce their concerns and help to improve their health.

Barriers and Mitigating Strategies of Entrepreneurial Business Growth: The Role of Entrepreneur Race and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Conley ◽  
Diana Bilimoria
Keyword(s):  
Business Growth ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Corporate Diversity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Barriers To Growth ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract In this study, we investigate the obstacles to growth and the mitigating strategies of high-performing (over $1 million in revenues) entrepreneurial businesses, and how these differ between businesses owned by Black and White entrepreneurs and between female and male entrepreneurs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and qualitatively analyzed using grounded theory and thematic analysis methods. Findings reveal that the lack of access to capital is faced by all groups of entrepreneurs, but that Black and female entrepreneurs additionally faced racial discrimination and gender bias obstacles to their business growth. While all entrepreneurs used social capital strategies to mitigate the barriers to growth that their businesses faced, Black and female entrepreneurs additionally employed faith and prayer as well as business engagement in governmental and corporate diversity initiatives as strategies to overcome the obstacles. Implications of the findings for the entrepreneurial business growth of racial/ethnic minority and female-owned firms are discussed.

scholarly journals Students’ perceptions of visibility in physical education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2110258
Author(s):  
Eli-Karin S Åsebø ◽  
Helga S Løvoll ◽  
Rune J Krumsvik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Transaction Model ◽  
Lesson Content ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Ninth Grade Students ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
And Coping

The purpose of this study is to explore students’ perceptions of visibility in physical education (PE) using a single cumulative case study approach. Data were generated from the descriptive field notes of seven participant observations ( n = 77), individual semi-structured interviews ( n = 13) and five focus group interviews ( n = 18) with ninth-grade students (ages 14–15 years) from three classes in a public lower secondary school in Norway. The findings show that students perceive visibility differently depending on the context; some students like being visible in PE, while others dread it. Perceptions change rapidly and are situation-specific, influenced by the lesson content, the way the teacher facilitates the lessons, self-perception shaped by past experiences, the presence, actions, and attitudes of fellow students, body pressure and societal body ideals. The findings actualise the relevance of the transaction model of stress and coping ( Lazarus and Folkman, 1984 ) in determining when visibility in PE is and is not perceived as stressful. Consequently, the organization of the PE environment benefits from these insights.

Why are companies still struggling to reach higher continuous improvement maturity levels? Empirical evidence from high performance companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jurburg ◽  
Elisabeth Viles ◽  
Carmen Jaca ◽  
Martin Tanco
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Performing

Purpose – Continuous improvement (CI) is regarded as a powerful approach to achieve business excellence. However, the implementation is not simple as it involves managing a considerable amount of tangible and intangible factors throughout the whole organization. The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap by presenting first-hand information about how companies really implement and organize their CI processes. Design/methodology/approach – The study was based on semi-structured interviews in ten high performing companies in the Basque Country, a region in northern Spain well known for its business quality. The objective was to analyze the state of their CI processes, putting special focus on how the organizational structure integrates with the CI processes and what are the characteristics of the corresponding measurement system. Findings – The study shows a lack of company-wide focus on CI, little written evidence of previous improvement activities, unclear improvement process owner, and poor use of adequate measurement systems to monitor CI. Practical implications – Managers should understand that is not enough to guarantee their own commitment and provide the structure, since in order to become learning organization, a different holistic approach towards the CI process must be adopted. Originality/value – While most previous work on this field have focused primarily on how to implement different techniques in order to achieve better productive performance, this study presents empirical research from a more holistic approach, assessing the characteristics affecting CI by considering strategy, structure, and the measurement system.

Beyond Posters and Pennants: College-Going Messaging at Three Racially and Economically Diverse Public Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Martinez ◽  
Isaac Torres ◽  
Katherine Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Students Of Color ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
College Going ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
College Going Culture

Context It has been argued that high schools with a majority of students of color and from low-income backgrounds must be purposeful in fostering a college-going culture in order to address the challenges and inequities historically underserved students face in preparing for and accessing a higher education. However, what this looks and sounds like in practice is not always clear, leaving schools seeking common ground on how to create a college-going environment. Purpose Through a symbolic and ecological model of college readiness framework, the messaging associated with the college-going culture at three racially and economically diverse Texas high schools that had consistently high college ready graduate rates was examined. The research questions that guided the study included: What types of college-going culture messages are conveyed at the schools, and how? How might such messaging impact students, school staff and leaders? Research Design This study drew on data from a three-year, multi-site descriptive case study of three public high schools in different regions of Texas that all served approximately 50% or more of students with financial need and 72% to 97% students of color, specifically Latina/o and Black students. Data Collection and Analysis Data was collected during week-long, yearly visits to the three schools and included: school and district documents; individual and group semi-structured interviews with 194 individuals including administrators, teachers, support staff, students, parents, and community members; observations of common areas and classrooms; archival data; and researcher-derived documents including field notes, memos, and photographs of the school grounds and school activities. This paper primarily drew on the pictures taken of the schools (in hallways, classrooms, and shared spaces like cafeterias and libraries), field notes, memos, and interview data that specifically spoke to the visual and verbal messaging associated with the college-going culture. Analysis of data revealed six themes: college is a revered goal with many options; varying degrees of integration; support and resources are at your reach; think college and career; finding funding for college is vital; college is an individual and shared success. Conclusions This study's findings suggest the need to: reconsider what a strong college-going culture entails, re-envision college-going cultures as dynamic, multi-layered, and responsive, reframe postsecondary opportunities so they are more expansive and varied, and re-evaluate inequities in college-going messaging and academic rigor.

Assessment and Management of Mercury-Catalyzed Polyurethane Gym Floors: 10 Lessons from 10 New Jersey School Districts

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lynch ◽  
Elissa Favata ◽  
Michael Gochfeld ◽  
Richard Lynch
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
Mercury Exposure ◽  
Air Monitoring ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Floor Coverings ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Effective Assessment ◽  
Assessment Strategies

Objective: Mercury catalyzed polyurethane (MCPU) floors installed in K-12 gymnasiums may release mercury vapor presenting possible mercury exposure to teachers and students. Varied approaches to sampling, air monitoring, ventilation, evacuation of gyms and/or removal of the floor coverings have occurred. As many gyms are being converted to classrooms during the COVID-19 pandemic, effective assessment and management of these floors is essential. Methods: Mercury assessment strategies for 10 New Jersey schools with MCPU floors were reviewed to assist school districts with decisions for management in-place or removal. Results: Bulk mercury levels do not predict airborne mercury levels. Mercury generation rates ranged between 0.02 to 0.17 μg/ft2/ hour. Hazards encountered during removal are substantial. Conclusions: Decisions to manage or remove mercury catalyzed rubber-like gym floor should be based upon a rigorous multi-factor assessment. Mercury exposures often can be managed via HVAC, added ventilation, temperature, and maintenance controls. A statewide registry of MCPU floors should be considered. Removal of MCPU floors should be professionally monitored to protect teachers, staff, and students.

scholarly journals Professional training in physiotherapy: barriers to the diversification of practical learning scenarios and for teaching-service integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Maihack Gauer ◽  
Fátima Ferretti ◽  
Carla Rosane Paz Arruda Teo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Service Integration ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Learning Scenarios ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Indirect Relationship

Abstract Introduction: Professional training in health, at present, aims to develop competencies and skills for a performance according the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS, in Portuguese). In this sense, the Ministries of Health and Education have set up devices for training reorientation that prioritize teaching-service integration and diversification of learning scenarios. Objective: To describe barriers to the diversification of practical learning scenarios and for teaching-service integration in a physiotherapy course from the perspective of teachers and students. Methods: This is a qualitative research developed according to the case study method, with the participation of 16 students and 11 teachers-physiotherapists. During the data collection three focus groups were established, two with students and one with professors, besides individual interviews with both the course coordinator and the pedagogical articulator of the National Program for the Reorientation of Professional Health Training of the assessed course. Data were analyzed through thematic content analysis. Results: Among the identified barriers there are students’ low participation in public health services; saturation of public health services for students to carry out practical activities; low number of physiotherapists in Primary Care; indirect relationship of Clinical School with SUS. Conclusion: In order to improve the teaching-service interaction and to diversify the learning scenarios it is necessary to prioritize an integrated planning of actions to overcome identified barriers, including the participation of both the university managers and health services.

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