Youth Attitudes to Domestic and Family Violence: A Scoping Review of Young People’s Attitudes and Perceptions in Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110360
Author(s):  
Rachel Loney-Howes ◽  
Catherine MacPhail ◽  
Natalia Hanley ◽  
Belinda Fabrianesi
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Young People ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Attitudes And Knowledge ◽  
Youth Attitudes

Domestic and family violence (DFV) has been described as a “national emergency” in Australia, with a suite of policies and interventions introduced over the past decade to better support women and their children. Within these frameworks, young people have been identified as agents of change for primary prevention; however, little is known about their attitudes and knowledge of DFV. This scoping review thus sought to establish the attitudes and knowledge of DFV held by young people (under 25 years old) in Australia. Nine international databases were searched, yielding 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods in design, with the findings demonstrating that young Australians have good knowledge about DFV. However, the review also indicates problematic areas around young people’s understanding of the harms of DFV with many continuing to hold victim-blaming attitudes. In addition, much of the existing research is survey-based in nature, there is no strong uniformity across the studies, nor is there an engaged approach to research design. Moreover, the current measures used in research are not sufficient to gauge where young people gain knowledge about DFV, nor do they explain under what conditions attitudes change or what are the medium- and long-term effects of DFV prevention work. We therefore contend that future research ought to be interdisciplinary and intersectional in nature and collaborate with a range of young people in order to understand their full potential as agents of social change and primary prevention.

A Scoping Review and Content Analysis of Common Depressive Symptoms of Young People

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052110126
Author(s):  
Jia-Wen Guo ◽  
Brooks R. Keeshin ◽  
Mike Conway ◽  
Wendy W. Chapman ◽  
Katherine A. Sward
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Five Dimensions

School nurses are the most accessible health care providers for many young people including adolescents and young adults. Early identification of depression results in improved outcomes, but little information is available comprehensively describing depressive symptoms specific to this population. The aim of this study was to develop a taxonomy of depressive symptoms that were manifested and described by young people based on a scoping review and content analysis. Twenty-five journal articles that included narrative descriptions of depressive symptoms in young people were included. A total of 60 depressive symptoms were identified and categorized into five dimensions: behavioral ( n = 8), cognitive ( n = 14), emotional ( n = 15), interpersonal ( n = 13), and somatic ( n = 10). This comprehensive depression symptom taxonomy can help school nurses to identify young people who may experience depression and will support future research to better screen for depression.

scholarly journals Mental Illness Self-Stigma in Young People: A Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S Taylor ◽  
Nicola Cogan ◽  
Pamela Jenkins ◽  
Xi Liu ◽  
Paul S Flowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Negative Stereotypes

Background: Self-stigma (the internalisation of negative stereotypes) is known to reduce help-seeking behaviours and treatment adherence in people who have a mental illness, resulting in worsening health outcomes. Moreover, self-stigma diminishes self-esteem and self-efficacy, and leads to higher levels of depression. Half of all lifetime cases of mental illness have manifested by the age of 14, and therefore young people are vulnerable to the negative impact of suffering mental illness self-stigma. While literature in this field has been flourishing in recent years, mental illness self-stigma remains poorly understood in youth. It is important that we seek to understand what is currently known about mental illness self-stigma in young people, and subsequently use this information to guide future research to advance knowledge of this topic. To date, a scoping review which maps the available literature on mental illness self-stigma in young people has yet to be conducted. Here, we outline the protocol for a scoping review on mental illness self-stigma in young people. Methods: This protocol outlines the process of conducting a scoping review of primary research concerning mental illness self-stigma in young people. The Joanna Briggs Institute guidance on best practice for conducting a scoping review will utilised throughout. A systematic search of appropriate databases will be conducted which will allow for a two-step screening process and data charting. Inclusion criteria for this review dictates that eligible studies will i) include a population within the age range of 10-35 (or mean age within this range), ii) include the term self-stigma or internalised stigma relating to mental health/illness/disorder, iii) be primary research, iv) be published post-2009 (following the seminal study by Moses, 2009) and v) be published in English. Discussion: The findings of the scoping review outlined in this protocol will be used to inform future research which aims to explore self-stigmatising attitudes and beliefs of young people experiencing mental illness. This research will result in co-produced, impactful resources for young people on the topic of mental illness self-stigma with the aim of raising awareness and stigma reduction.

Sleep in Young People with Features of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Claire A. Jenkins ◽  
Katherine N. Thompson ◽  
Christian L. Nicholas ◽  
Andrew M. Chanen
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Wake Patterns

Sleep disturbance is commonly reported in young people with features of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Examining sleep quality and sleep-wake patterns in young people with features of BPD is essential to inform the development of sleep-improvement interventions. A scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. The objectives were to map the literature regarding sleep in young people with features of BPD, highlight areas for further investigation, and provide methodological recommendations for future research. Seven data sets were included in the review. Young people with features of BPD had poorer objective and subjective sleep quality, disturbed sleep architecture (particularly rapid-eye-movement sleep), an increased vulnerability to delayed sleep phase syndrome, and more nightmares and dream anxiety, compared with healthy individuals. Future research should use both objective and subjective sleep measures, include clinical comparison groups, and focus specifically on young people with BPD.

scholarly journals Children and young people’s concerns and needs relating to their use of health technology to self-manage long-term conditions: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 1093-1104
Author(s):  
Sarah Blower ◽  
Veronica Swallow ◽  
Camila Maturana ◽  
Simon Stones ◽  
Robert Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Online Treatment

BackgroundThe use of patient-facing health technologies to manage long-term conditions is increasing; however, children and young people may have particular concerns or needs before deciding to use different health technologies.AimsTo identify children and young people’s reported concerns or needs in relation to using health technologies to self-manage long-term conditions.MethodsA scoping review was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL in February 2019. Searches were limited to papers published between January 2008 and February 2019. We included any health technology used to manage long-term conditions. A thematic synthesis of the data from the included studies was undertaken. We engaged children with long-term conditions (and parents) to support review design, interpretation of findings and development of recommendations.ResultsThirty-eight journal articles were included, describing concerns or needs expressed by n=970 children and/or young people aged 5–18 years. Most included studies were undertaken in high-income countries with children aged 11 years and older. Studies examined concerns with mobile applications (n=14), internet (n=9), social media (n=3), interactive online treatment programmes (n=3), telehealth (n=1), devices (n=3) or a combination (n=5). Children and young people’s main concerns were labelling and identity; accessibility; privacy and reliability; and trustworthiness of information.DiscussionThis review highlights important concerns that children and young people may have before using technology to self-manage their long-term condition. In future, research should involve children and young people throughout the development of technology, from identifying their unmet needs through to design and evaluation of interventions.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of the Factors That Influence Families’ Ability or Capacity to Provide Young People With Emotional Support Over the Transition to Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Stapley ◽  
Isabella Vainieri ◽  
Elizabeth Li ◽  
Hannah Merrick ◽  
Mairi Jeffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Parent Child Relationship

The transition to adulthood is typically marked by changes in relationships with family members, peers, and romantic partners. Despite this, the family often maintains a prominent role in young adults’ lives. A scoping review was conducted to identify the factors that influence families’ ability or capacity to provide young people with emotional support during the transition to adulthood, and to understand the gaps in this research area. Title and abstract searches were conducted from January 2007 to February 2021 in multiple databases, including PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Sociological Abstracts. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were also conducted with stakeholders (professionals from relevant sectors/working within this field). In total, 277 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. Following data extraction, 19 factors were identified. Factors with the most research (more than 20 articles) included: family proximity or co-residence; mental health; sex or gender differences; and family communication. Factors with less research included: societal context; young person’s sexual orientation or gender identity; social networks; and adverse life events. Gaps in the research area were also identified, including methodological issues (e.g., lack of mixed methods and longitudinal study designs), a disproportionate focus on the parent–child relationship, and a lack of contextually situated research. Our findings indicate that future research in this area could benefit from taking an intersectional, multi-method approach, with a focus on the whole family and diverse samples.

scholarly journals Integrated system responses for families impacted by violence: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e051363
Author(s):  
Claire Gear ◽  
Chien-Ju Ting ◽  
Manarah Eraki ◽  
Elizabeth Eppel ◽  
Jane Koziol-McLain
Keyword(s):  
Family Violence ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionThe impacts of violence have a significant effect on health and well-being, particularly for women and children. Violence within families is widely recognised as a complex problem constituted by constantly interacting and evolving social, economic, health and cultural elements. Calls for integrated services have arisen from growing understanding about the implications of this complexity, which suggest family violence and solutions to it are generated endogenously from the reflexive nonlinear interactions of system agents. Despite these calls for integration, services designed to support families impacted by violence and the systems that design and fund them are often responsive only to one part of the problem and might not pay attention to agent interactions and their adaptive reflexivity. This paper outlines a scoping protocol to explore how integrated approaches to family violence are conceptualised in current literature, with innovative use of a complexity theory lens.MethodOur scoping review protocol follows the framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley and refined by Levac. It searches 6 databases, 3 journals and 10 websites using keywords to capture the notion of integration and a complex adaptive system, namely the participant (system agents), concept (system agent interaction) and the context (family violence). Selection criteria require the articles to be written in English, have full-text article available, and were published after 2010. Items selected also need to be evidence based showing interaction between system agents. Applying complexity theory, sensitises us to the reflexive patterns of interaction between system elements and routine ways of interacting.Ethics and disseminationThe nature of this review means that ethics approval is not required. Findings will be disseminated via academic publications, conferences and discussions with policy decision-makers. The findings will be used to develop a plan for stakeholder consultation to share and validate learnings and inform future research.

scholarly journals How might the ‘Icelandic model’ for preventing substance use among young people be developed and adapted for use in Scotland? Utilising the consolidated framework for implementation research in a qualitative exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Carver ◽  
Peter McCulloch ◽  
Tessa Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Young People ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Substance use among young people is a significant public health concern, particularly in Scotland. Primary prevention activities are essential in delaying young people’s substance use and reducing the harms associated with use. However, such prevention activities are generally lacking. The Icelandic Model (IM) has received increasing attention and has been associated with improvements in substance use in Iceland since the 1990s. There is interest in implementing the IM in Scotland but concerns regarding transferability. This research study aimed to address a gap in the evidence base by providing insight into stakeholders’ views of the IM in Dundee and more widely in Scotland. Methods Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured telephone interviews with 16 stakeholders. Data were analysed using Framework Analysis in NVivo, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results Participants were keen for more prevention activities to be delivered in Scotland and were generally supportive of the IM, given the high rates of substance use and related harm. A range of positive factors were identified, including the evidence base, the multi-component nature of the IM, and availability of current services that could be embedded into delivery. Several barriers were noted, relating to funding, the franchise model, support and buy-in and cultural differences. Conclusions Our findings provide insight into the views of a range of stakeholders regarding the potential implementation of the IM in Scotland, and perceived barriers and facilitators. There is a desire for primary prevention activities in Scotland, driven by concerns about high rates of substance use and related harms, and a general lack of effective and evidence based prevention activities across the country. Several key barriers would need to be addressed in order for implementation to be successful, and participants were clear that initial piloting is required. Future research and evaluation is required to examine its potential and the outcomes of the approach in Scotland.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Engagement in Residential Settings: A Scoping Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 851-851
Author(s):  
Andrea Gardiola ◽  
Raza Mirza ◽  
Amanda Bull ◽  
Christopher Klinger ◽  
Jessica Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Intergenerational Interactions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Intergenerational engagement provides a rich environment for people of different ages to come together and exchange life stories, skills, and knowledge. Today, intergenerational interactions are decreasing, however, these exchanges can have positive implications for seniors in residential care homes (RCHs) and younger persons. A scoping review following Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step framework was conducted to investigate the impact of intergenerational engagement and programs (IGPs) on older adults in RCHs. A systematic search of ten electronic databases and hand search of references was carried out; thematic content analysis to established key themes. A total of 1,183 academic and grey literature sources were reviewed, with 66 full-text studies assessed for eligibility. Of these sources, 35 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies highlighted four main themes: 1. Types of IGPs, 2. Psycho-social benefits for older adults and improved status among elders with cognitive impairments, 3. Younger person benefits, suggesting reduced ageism and improved social and communication skills, and 4. Program recommendations, including the need for enthusiastic program facilitators, coordination between facilities, sensitivity training for younger persons, detailed advertisements, and appropriate activities for different age groups. Findings inform future practice and research, highlighting that IGPs are an effective strategy to alleviate negative health outcomes for seniors in RCHs. Future research is needed to evaluate long-term effects and further health outcomes. IGPs provide an opportunity to facilitate purposeful and reciprocal relationships between generations, fostering intergenerational understanding. By studying IGPs and intergenerational interactions, we can better determine practices that meaningfully engage elders in RCHs in Canada.

scholarly journals Romantic Relationships in Young People with Long-Term Health Conditions: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie Jordan ◽  
Bernie Carter ◽  
Paula Forgeron ◽  
Karine Fournier ◽  
Kate Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Developmental Task

Abstract Objective Forming and maintaining romantic relationships is an important developmental task in adolescence and young adulthood. This scoping review seeks to explore how young people with long-term physical health conditions understand and experience romantic relationships. Methods Using Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework, a systematic search of five databases was conducted (PsychINFO, Cinahl, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion in the review if they were published in peer-reviewed journals, used primary data collection methods, and adopted quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods approaches to study romantic relationships in 11–25 year olds with long-term physical health conditions. Using a data extraction form, data pertaining to demographic characteristics of young people with long-term physical health conditions and relationship engagement were extracted from eligible papers. Results Searches returned 4645 papers after duplicate removal, with a two-stage screening process resulting in 111 full-text papers being reviewed. Thirty-three eligible papers were included across a range of long-term physical health conditions. Findings identified that living with a long-term physical health condition impacted young people’s perceptions and experiences of romantic relationships across the relationship lifespan, from envisaging future relationships, to forming relationships, and sustaining relationships. Issues around body confidence and self-esteem were identified as challenging in terms of perceptions and experiences of romantic relationships. Conclusions Findings demonstrate that young people wish to engage with romantic relationships, yet many report particular challenges associated with forming and sustaining relationships due to the constraints of their condition and treatment. Future research should consider nonheterosexual relationships.

scholarly journals Sociodevelopmental Challenges Faced by Young People with Chronic Pain: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Jones ◽  
Line Caes ◽  
C Meghan McMurtry ◽  
Christopher Eccleston ◽  
Abbie Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Young People ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Autonomy Development ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Developmental Domains

Abstract Objective Map the current literature investigating autonomy development, identity development, and peer relationships in young people aged 10–24 years with chronic pain. Methods A scoping review method was used to systematically search four databases (APA PsycNET, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cinahl) for peer-reviewed articles. Search results were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure they met the objective. Eligible papers were assessed for quality, their data relating to the objective were extracted, and results are synthesized. Results Searches returned 3,815 papers after the removal of duplicates, with 42 papers included in the full review. The majority of papers investigated peer relationships (86%). Fewer papers investigated autonomy (43%) and identity (21%) development. Included papers were mostly quantitative (64%), with fewer qualitative (34%) and mixed-methods papers (2%). Overall, we found bidirectional relationships between chronic pain in young people, their social development, and a range of functional outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying these relationships remain relatively unexplored. Conclusions Review results are mapped onto the model proposed by Palermo et al. (2014). Guided by this model, clinical treatment for young people with chronic pain should consider social development. The model also sets out a future research agenda focused on exploring: (a) identity development, (b) the mechanisms underlying the relationships between social–developmental domains, pain, and outcomes, (c) a variety of participants and populations, and (d) a variety of methods, including longitudinal study designs.

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