Sounds Affecting the Moments of Stuttering in Multilingualism: A Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taryn Morrish ◽  
Amy Nesbitt ◽  
Mia le Roux ◽  
Ursula Zsilavecz ◽  
Jeannie van der Linde
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
African Language ◽  
Mixed Method Design ◽  
Larger Sample

Research involving stuttering in multilingual individuals is limited. Speech-language therapists face the challenge of treating a diverse client base, which includes multilingual individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the stuttering moments across English, Afrikaans, and German in a multilingual speaker. A single multilingual adult with a severe developmental stutter participated in this study. A mixed-method design was implemented. The results were perceptually analyzed, and interrater reliability was determined. The results revealed that the voiceless plosive [k], the voiceless fricative [f], and the plosive-lateral approximant cluster [kl] caused stuttering moments across the languages. More stuttering moments occurred on consonants as opposed to vowels. The most prominent core behavior was prolongations. Language proficiency plays a role in the increase of the moments of stuttering in the least proficient language. Future research on a larger sample size is recommended. Research on African language speaking multilingual person who stutters (PWS) should be pursued.

The rise and decline of TQM in the NHS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uche Nwabueze
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to delineate the factors responsible for the decline of total quality management (TQM) in the National Health Service (NHS). It is suggested that if these factors were initially identified and eliminated prior to implementation, the decline of TQM as a strategy for improving the provision and delivery of quality patient care could have been prevented. Design/methodology/approach – The case study approach was chosen because it is the preferred method when “how” or “what” questions are being posed. It is applicable as is evident in this paper where the researcher has little control over events and when the focus is on a contemporary phenomenon within some real-life context. The case study enables the researcher to give an accurate rendition of actual events; it contributes uniquely to the knowledge of individual, organisational, social, and political phenomena. The semi-structured face-to-face interview constituted the main data collection technique of the research. Interviews were held with 23 quality management managers in the British NHS. The central focus of the interview was on “what” factors contributed to the rapid decline of TQM in the NHS. The respondents were chosen because they were directly involved with the implementation of TQM. They were in the vintage position to offer a full insight into the TQM initiative. The analysis of the case is based on Yin's analytic technique of explanation building. Findings – The decline of TQM in the NHS could have been prevented if top executives in hospitals had adopted the sequential steps to quality improvement: In the authors opinion, to land a man on the moon needed a belief in the possibility and breakthrough in the attitudes that viewed space travel as pure science fiction as opposed to a practical reality, and so it should have been with TQM in the NHS. However, the attitude of many NHS managers was that TQM was all right for “other institutions” because “they need it” whereas in the NHS, “we don’t”. This negative attitude should have been overcome if TQM was to be accepted as a corporate, all encompassing philosophy. Research limitations/implications – The limitation of the research may be the sample size of the respondents, which was limited to 23 quality managers that had hands-on experience and the leadership role to lead and implement TQM in the NHS. Future research may consider a broader sample size. It may also be considered for new research to use surveys to identify a broader set of reasons why TQM declined in the NHS. Practical implications – This paper is the first constructive insight to determine reasons for the decline of TQM in the NHS from the individuals who had the sole responsibility for implementation. Any other, group would have amounted to hearsay. Therefore, to constructively delineate the reasons for failure, it was pertinent to learn from the quality managers directly and to ensure that the reasons was representative of their experiences with TQM. The practical implication is to prepare future managers about how to avoid failure. Originality/value – The paper clearly suggests the systematic process required for effective implementation of TQM in a healthcare setting by identifying factors that must be avoided to ensure the successful and sustainable implementation of TQM.

CSR in Ghana’s gold-mining sector: Assessing expectations and perceptions of performance with institutional and stakeholder lenses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Amoah ◽  
Gabriel Eweje
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Mixed Method Design ◽  
Community Expectations ◽  
Corporate Social

PurposeThis article examines community expectations and perceptions of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of a multinational mining company following a unique incident of cyanide spillage from a tailings (processed ore effluents) storage facility. CSR remains a critical component of stakeholder management in developing countries due to the continuous environmental and social impacts of mining development. The article employs the stakeholder and institutional theories to assess the CSR manifestations of a large-scale mining company in the context of pressures at the plant level.Design/methodology/approachWe employ a mixed method design using survey and stakeholder interviews to collect, analyse, and present findings within legal, ethical, and discretionary CSR categories. The survey data were statistically analysed by calculating the standard deviations of the three CSR dimensions to compare and understand the data variations in respect of the perception ratings of respondents on a four-point Likert scale, while interview data was evaluated using an inductive approach based on thematic networks.FindingsThe findings suggest that unfulfilled expectations for employment generate wider consensus towards demands to share in mining benefits based on rising perceptions of inequity and social exclusion. Additionally, host communities within farming areas engage in speculative development in anticipation of CSR-related compensation resulting in a homogenised expectation. Further, this study reveals that reactive CSR practices are interpreted as both insincere and patronising, contributing to a negative perception of mining activities in affected communities.Research limitations/implicationsAs a single-case study, the findings may be inadequate for theoretical generalisations and therefore limited to the context of the study.ImplicationsRethinking stakeholder and institutional theories, and exploring new assumptions in the context of the mining industry in Ghana, may expand the current discourse within the academic, corporate, and statutory communities.ContributionThis study adds to and expands the assumptions of stakeholder and institutional theories in a mining context within local communities. It may also improve the knowledge of managers of large-scale mining companies on effective stakeholder management.

The myth of the secular–Islamist divide in Muslim politics: Evidence from Tunisia

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Mixed Method Design ◽  
Muslim Politics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

Many scholars argue that politics in majority-Muslim societies are marked by deep polarization: dominated by struggles between secularists and Islamists who hold fundamentally divergent ideological positions. Yet, this finding is likely a result of scholarly focus on Islamist organizations and political parties rather than their constituencies. Using Tunisia as a case study, this article investigates attitudinal polarization between secularists and Islamists at the individual level using a mixed-method design combining statistical analyses of survey data with content analyses of in-depth interviews. Statistical results indicate that Islamists are no different from non-Islamists in attitudes about excommunication ( takfir), popular sovereignty, women’s rights, or minority rights, though they are more skeptical of democracy and express less religious tolerance. Interview results show that many political procedures advocated by Islamists resemble the secular procedures they seek to replace and, though secularists tend to have negative views of Islamists, many express support for Islamist ideological positions. Taken together, these findings provide little evidence of attitudinal polarization along the so-called secular–Islamist divide.

scholarly journals A mixed method phenomenological case study of how members of a democratic micro school experience leadership and democratic principles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tara J Bonebrake
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Single Case ◽  
School Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Leadership Structure ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
Phenomenological Case Study

A democratic micro school is a school with fewer than 150 students that ascribes to a democratic leadership structure where all of the school community members, especially the students, have leadership in their learning. The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of the lived experiences of the members of a democratic micro school community, especially regarding leadership and democratic principles. The primary researcher used a mixed-method design with an embedded phenomenological case study to analyze a single democratic micro school. All primary stakeholders in the school community were subjects of this study which included the students, parents, and educators. The data collection process included a survey, focus groups, interviews, observations, and other school artifacts. Using six democratic principles and the LMX theory, this study to added to the literature by addressing the experiences of those individuals attending independent schools. Achieving democracy in school allows students and teachers to have control of their learning experiences. This study supported the importance of communication and trust and caring as the educational foundation upon which equity, curriculum and interests, vision and goals, and community relied. Future research could expand the understanding of democratic micro schools beyond the single case used in this study.

scholarly journals Methodological and practical viewpoints of qualitative-driven mixed method design: the case of decentralisation of primary healthcare services in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Krishna Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mixed Method Design

BackgroundAlthough considerable attention has been paid to the use of quantitative methods in health research, there has been limited focus on decentralisation research using a qualitative-driven mixed method design. Decentralisation presents both a problematic concept and methodological challenges, and is morecontext-specificand is oftenmulti-dimensional. Researchers often consider using more than one method design when researching phenomena is complex in nature.AimTo explore the effects of decentralisation on the provision of primary healthcare services.MethodsQualitative-driven mixed method design, employing three methods of data collections: focus group discussions (FGDs), semi-structured interviews (SSIs) and participant observations under two components, that is, core component and supplementary components were used. Four FGDs with health service practitioners, three FGDs with district stakeholders, 20 SSIs with health service users and 20 SSIs with national stakeholders were carried out. These were conducted sequentially. NVivo10, a data management program, was utilised to code the field data, employing a content analysis method for searching the underlying themes or concepts in the text material.FindingsBoth positive and negative experiences related to access, quality, planning, supplies, coordination and supervision were identified.ConclusionThis study suggests some evidence of the effects of decentralisation on health outcomes in general, as well as filling a gap of understanding and examining healthcare through a qualitative-driven mixed methods approach, in particular. Future research in the area of qualitative in-depth understanding of the problems (why decentralisation, why now and what for) would provoke an important data set that benefits the researchers and policy-makers for planning and implementing effective health services.

scholarly journals The Incidence of VAP after VAP Bundle Intervention Among Patients with Mechanical Ventilation

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Diah Susmiarti ◽  
Harmayetty Harmayetty ◽  
Yulis Setiya Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Vap Bundle

Introduction: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a nosocomial infection in patients who use ventilator for more than 48 hours. The aimed of the study was to determine VAP incidence after VAP bundle application. Methods: This study used one-shot case study posttest only designed with samples of 6 individuals beginning on December 31, 2013 up to January 31, 2014. The totally score of CPIS assessment revealed that 4 of 6 patients was not diagnosed with VAP and 2 were diagnosed with VAP. Result: The results showed that the application of VAP bundle has infl uence in preventing VAP incidence. The totally score of CPIS assessment revealed that 4 of 6 patients was not diagnosed with VAP and 2 were diagnosed with VAP. Discussion: This study need to be backed up furthermore with a larger sample size and continuous CPIS assessment is needed to identify VAP caused by bacteria, especially the late-onset bacteria, in patients using mechanical ventilation in longer a time.Keywords: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Bundle, VAP incidence

An evaluation of used objects in bank TV commercials in Ramadan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1219-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Aydin ◽  
Selcuk Burak Hasiloglu
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Method ◽  
Tv Commercials ◽  
Religious Objects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Larger Sample

Purpose The purpose of this study is to find the most effective objects used in Ramadan TV ads of banks operated in Turkey and to determine superiority of the objects among these ads. Design/methodology/approach This research examines used objects in bank TV advertisements for the month of Ramadan by applying content analysis and fuzzy logic method. Findings The most prominent of the findings, as a result of the research, are kids and the elder objects in bank TV commercials. The research findings also reveal the importance of religious objects of Ramadan ads. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this research is non-generalization of the results because of sample size. Future research could explore the impact of objects used in TV ads on consumers with a larger sample size. Practical implications The banks are eager to look for opportunities by launching campaigns during the period of Ramadan. Special occasions such as religious holidays are seen as a new market that should not to be missed by the finance sector, and therefore, the number of bank TV commercials increase dramatically in this term. However, it is important for banks to know which objects are more effective. In this study, it is revealed that objects used in TV ads are more effective. Originality/value This is the first study to examine bank TV commercials during the period of Ramadan. It is also important to reflect Turkish consumers’ perspective and banks’ promotion activities in a Muslim country.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Major Difficulties Moroccan Engineering Students Encounter in Argumentative Essay Writing

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Mounir Beniche
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Mixed Method Design ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
Essay Tests ◽  
Engineering Schools

The aim of this study is to analyse argumentative essay errors made by Moroccan students in Preparatory Classes of Higher Engineering Schools (Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Ecoles) ( CPGE).The participants  of this study  were  1st  year Physics, Chemistry  and Engineering Sciences (PCSI ) students in CPGE Omar Ibn Al Khattab, Meknes . 68 students participated in the study which means that  all PCSI students  were involved. The study uses a mixed method design. In the quantitative method, the  data was gathered  from students’ argumentative essay tests. Students’ errors were  quantified numerically and  the contents of teachers’ interviews  were  analyzed qualitatively. The results  of the study demonstrate clearly  that CPGE students’ difficulties  in essay  writing are aligned to many factors . Firstly,  CPGE Students’  lack language proficiency. They have serious language problems accumulated from previous years of study. Secondly , students  lack motivation as they do not find pleasure in writing and perceive it as a tiring and boring task. Thirdly, they do not read a lot which makes the task of writing very hard. Fourthly ,  students do not master the techniques of writing a structured essay. In fact, it is a process that requires many steps to be followed from introduction to conclusion . The study ended up by suggesting possible solution to overcome such difficulties.

scholarly journals The Influence of Entrepreneurial Origin-Strategy Mixes on Levels of Product Innovativeness: The Cases of Agro-preneur in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Watcharaphong Leartsurawat ◽  
Amnard Taweesangrungroj ◽  
Chanya Jenpanich
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Product Innovativeness ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Larger Sample

This study is a qualitative research with the use of case study methodology. This research is focused on the influence of entrepreneurial origin (opportunity or necessity) and firm’s innovation strategy (technology-push or market-pull) mixes on levels of product innovativeness in the cases of agro-industry entrepreneur (agro-preneur) in Thailand. The Origin-Strategy Mixes (OSM) model was developed from past literature to help identify possible mixes and explain the relationships. The paper used narrative approach in investigating on these relationships on three Thai organic-based agro-preneurs. The empirical study has shown that entrepreneurial origin and business strategy mixes do discordantly affect levels of product innovativeness. The study provides initial understanding on the importance of OSM influences, which can be applied to improve the competitiveness of agro-preneur in Thailand. The main limitation of this study is that only three cases in Thailand were investigated. To address this, future research should emphasize on larger sample size to improve generalization ability. The use of quantitative research to further verify the OSM model is also encouraged. Keywords: Entrepreneur; Innovation; Origin; Strategy; Agro-industry

scholarly journals What improvements do Cochrane systematic reviewers suggest for the design of trials?

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Stefania Pirosca ◽  
Mike Clarke ◽  
Shaun Treweek
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Review Group ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
System Review ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Over Time

Background: Many randomised trials have serious methodological flaws that fatally undermine their results, which makes the research wasteful. This is of concern for many, including those doing systematic reviews that include trials. Cochrane systematic reviews all have a section called ‘Implications for research’, which allows authors of the review to present their conclusions on how future research might be improved. Looking at these conclusions might highlight priority areas for improvement. Methods: We focused on the Cochrane Schizophrenia Review Group and the Multiple sclerosis and rare diseases of the central nervous system Review Group (the MS Review Group).  Reviews with citations between 2009 and 2019 were identified and the recommendations given by review authors in ‘Implications for research’ were put into categories. Results: Between 2009 and 2019 we identified 162 reviews for the Schizophrenia Review Group and 43 reviews for the MS Review Group. We created 22 categories in total, of which 12 were common to both groups. The five most used categories were the same for both: better choice of outcomes; better choice of intervention/comparator; longer follow-up; larger sample size; use of validated scales.  Better choice of outcomes and/or intervention/comparator was recommended in over 50% of reviews. Longer follow-up and larger sample size were recommended in over a third, with use of validated scales being suggested in around a fifth of reviews. There was no obvious pattern of improvement over time for trials included in systematic reviews published by both groups. Conclusions: We suggest that trialists working in these areas (and others too) ask themselves why they have chosen their particular outcomes, intervention and comparator, whether follow-up is long enough, if the sample size is big enough and whether the scales  they choose to measure their outcomes are appropriate.

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