Self-Control Versus Psychopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Jennifer Tostlebe ◽  
Kyle Burgason ◽  
Mark Heirigs ◽  
Michael Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Youth Violence ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Criminological Theories

Self-control and psychopathy are prominent general theories of antisociality that, although present a very similar type of individual, have not often been studied in tandem, and few studies have conducted a head-to-head test of their association with serious delinquency and youth violence. Using a near census of institutionalized delinquents from Missouri, the current study found that both low self-control and psychopathy were significantly associated with various forms of delinquency and severe/chronic delinquency as measured by 90th percentile on the distribution. However, low self-control was associated with more forms of delinquency, and victimization and youth with the lowest levels of self-control were at greatest risk for pathological delinquency relative to those with the most psychopathic personality. Both self-control and psychopathy are essential for understanding the most severe variants of delinquency, and more head-to-head tests are encouraged to assess the strength of criminological theories.

Becoming someone new: identity theft behaviors by high school students

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine D. Marcum ◽  
George E Higgins ◽  
Melissa L. Ricketts ◽  
Scott E Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Identity Theft ◽  
Self Control ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
School Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Peer Association ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Criminological Theories

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to contribute to the gap in the literature by investigating the identity theft behaviors of adolescents under the age of 18 and the predictors of these behaviors. To better understand the predictors of hacking behaviors in young people, two criminological theories, general theory of crime and social learning theory, are utilized. Design/methodology/approach – A rural county in western North Carolina was chosen to participate in the study. Principals of four high schools in this county agreed to participate. All 9th through 12th graders were recruited for the study. Those who were given parental permission to participate and gave their own assent were given a survey. Findings – Results indicated that low self-control and deviant peer association were in fact associated with identity theft behaviors of juveniles. Originality/value – The literature is scant, if even existent, on research that investigates the identity theft offending behaviors of juveniles.

scholarly journals The Influence of Psychopathic Personality Traits, Low Self-Control, and Nonshared Environmental Factors on Criminal Involvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cashen M. Boccio ◽  
Kevin M. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Peer Socialization ◽  
Criminal Involvement ◽  
Low Self Control

Theoretical and empirical research has linked variation in parental and peer socialization patterns as well as criminogenic traits, particularly psychopathy and low self-control, to criminal involvement. Findings from this body of scholarship, however, have generally been produced without adequately controlling for genetic confounding. The current study addresses this gap in the literature by analyzing data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health using a genetically informative research design. This study employs monozygotic difference scores analyses in order to examine the effects of psychopathic personality traits (PPTs), low self-control, and nonshared environmental factors on involvement with criminal behavior while controlling for genetic factors. The results indicated that of the four outcomes examined, PPTs were only associated with involvement in violent behavior. In addition, the results revealed that delinquent peers was the only nonshared environmental factor associated with any of the outcome measures.

scholarly journals The Effects of Self-control on the Cyber Victim-Offender Overlap

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke Nodeland ◽  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cyber Victimization ◽  
Weak Relationship ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Criminological Theories

Increasingly, the overlap between victims and offenders has received empirical attention with regard to traditional forms of deviance. More recently, the growth of cyber offending has led to a need to examine whether traditional criminological theories can be used to explain these crimes in the same manner as traditional offenses. However, limited attention has been given to victim-offender overlap in cyber-offending. The current study uses a sample of American college students to examine the influence of self-control on cyber offending, cyber victimization, and the cyber victim-offender overlap. The results indicate that low self-control significantly predicts participation in cyber offending as well as cyber victim-offending, but has a weak relationship with cyber victimization. Interestingly, associating with deviant cyber peers was a significant predictor across all models. Results are discussed in the context of the existing literature.

Predicting Re-Incarceration Status of Prisoners in Contemporary China: Applying Western Criminological Theories

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F. Messner ◽  
Jianhong Liu ◽  
Yunhan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
First Time

Studies have revealed that self-control theory, social learning theory, and strain theory are useful in explaining criminal activity in China. Previous research with Chinese data, however, has focused almost exclusively on samples of adolescents and the minor types of offending that are typically captured in such samples. The present study builds upon prior work by considering the extent to which these three major etiological theories of crime can help differentiate between profiles of Chinese prisoners categorized with respect to re-incarceration status. Specifically, we derive hypotheses that predict prisoners’ status as first-time inmates or inmates with multiple incarcerations. These hypotheses are assessed with recently collected data for a sample of approximately 1,800 prisoners in Southern China. The results reveal that indicators of peer criminality, low self-control, and negative emotions (a theorized outcome of experiences of strain) are all positively associated with re-incarceration status.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

Workplace Cyberbullying: A Criminological and Routine Activity Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 026839622110278
Author(s):  
Sixuan Zhang ◽  
Dorothy Leidner ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Ning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Spanning ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
The U.S

Extant research on the antecedents of workplace cyberbullying pays little attention to the role of perpetrator traits in influencing workplace cyberbullying, as well as the unique occurrence context that distinguishes workplace cyberbullying with juvenile cyberbullying, workplace bullying, and adult cyberbullying in general. To fill these gaps, we consider the antecedents of workplace cyberbullying under the theoretical lens of the general theory of crime and routine activities theory. We build a model incorporating low self-control, a widely discussed perpetrator trait in criminology theories, with three types of routine activities representing the unique occurrence context for workplace cyberbullying--mWork, boundary spanning in ESM, and proactive email checking. We tested our model with 2025 employees in the U.S.. Our findings demonstrate that low self-control and the three routine activities are strong motivators for workplace cyberbullying. Our findings further show that the effect of low self-control on workplace cyberbullying is amplified by the three routine activities. The study contributes to our understanding of why workplace cyberbullying occurs and offers potential implications for managers interested in reducing incidences of workplace cyberbullying in their organization.

scholarly journals Differential Self-control Effects: Moral Filtering and the Subsidiary Relevance of Self-control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Hirtenlehner ◽  
Heinz Leitgöb
Keyword(s):  
Action Theory ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low Self Control

AbstractCriminological research has identified low self-control as major cause of criminal activity. However, astonishingly little is known about the individual and situational characteristics that affect the functioning of self-control in relation to crime. Recent theorizing, especially in the context of Situational Action Theory, suggests that the interplay of personal and contextual morality creates a morally preselected choice set whose composition determines the relevance of self-control. Guided by the ideas of differential self-control effects and a moral filtering of action alternatives, the present inquiry investigates whether the role of self-control in crime causation depends on the power of moral factors to exclude crime from the set of the considered behavioral options. We argue that the significance of an individual’s capacity for self-control increases with a growing weakness of the moral filter, reaching its maximum when both personal and setting morality encourage criminal activity. Analyses of self-report data on adolescent vandalism delinquency provide support for differential self-control effects. The general picture is that self-control ability matters most when the strength of the moral filter hits a low, which is when both an individual’s own moral rules and the moral norms of the setting facilitate offending. Further evidence suggests that crime contemplation is highest when individual morality and setting morality jointly encourage vandalism. There is also indication that trait self-control has a greater effect on vandalism delinquency at higher levels of crime contemplation. All these results accord with the notion of a subsidiary relevance of control.

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