Is Spatial-Visualization Ability a Stronger Predictor of Performance for Males than for Females on Computer-Based Tasks?

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 931-935
Author(s):  
Elizabeth D. Murphy ◽  
Bernd Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Decision Accuracy ◽  
Differential Prediction ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Visualization Ability

In research on cognitive issues in automation, spatial visualization ability (SVA) was investigated as a mediator of performance. Prior to performing the experimental task in a simulation environment, 83 undergraduate psychology students completed an on-line version of a test of SVA. The two basic experimental conditions were “monitoring” and “on-call.” In the monitoring condition, participants monitored status messages and responded to system alerts. In the on-call condition, participants performed an unrelated task in between responding to alerts. Dependent measures included decision accuracy. A correlational analysis of SVA scores with decision accuracy found a higher correlation for men than for women. Further analysis indicated that SVA was not a significantly stronger predictor of performance for men than it was for women in the simulated environment. With a larger sample size, however, differential prediction is likely. If confirmed, this finding has implications for the use of SVA in personnel selection. Textual and tabular alternatives to graphical displays may be helpful to low-SVA users.

Spatial Visualization—A Gateway to Computer-Based Technology

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent L. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
Graphical User Interfaces ◽  
Technology In Education ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Visualization Ability

The positive impact of computer-based technology in education varies in part as a function of the individual abilities of users. A model is proposed for how individual differences are expected to affect performance when technology is introduced. The primary cognitive factor driving differences in performance using computer-based technology is spatial visualization ability. Four techniques for mitigating the negative impact of low spatial visualization are discussed. The use of spatial metaphors and graphical user interfaces are promising, but interface apparency, revealing hidden relationships and showing contingencies, and interface manipulatability, allowing users to directly manipulate objects and see intermediate steps, are the most likely to benefit individuals with low spatial visualization ability.

A hitchhiker’s guide to microscopy and microanalysis using telecommunications, e-mail, and the Internet

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 390-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor J. Zaluzec
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Information Superhighway ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Information ◽  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Communication Software ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
E Mail

The Information SuperHighway, Email, The Internet, FTP, BBS, Modems, : all buzz words which are becoming more and more routine in our daily life. Confusing terminology? Hopefully it won't be in a few minutes, all you need is to have a handle on a few basic concepts and terms and you will be on-line with the rest of the "telecommunication experts". These terms all refer to some type or aspect of tools associated with a range of computer-based communication software and hardware. They are in fact far less complex than the instruments we use on a day to day basis as microscopist's and microanalyst's. The key is for each of us to know what each is and how to make use of the wealth of information which they can make available to us for the asking. Basically all of these items relate to mechanisms and protocols by which we as scientists can easily exchange information rapidly and efficiently to colleagues in the office down the hall, or half-way around the world using computers and various communications media. The purpose of this tutorial/paper is to outline and demonstrate the basic ideas of some of the major information systems available to all of us today. For the sake of simplicity we will break this presentation down into two distinct (but as we shall see later connected) areas: telecommunications over conventional phone lines, and telecommunications by computer networks. Live tutorial/demonstrations of both procedures will be presented in the Computer Workshop/Software Exchange during the course of the meeting.

Early Spelling Acquisition: Does Writing Really Beat the Computer?

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Vaughn ◽  
Jeanne Shay Schumm ◽  
Jane Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Spelling Acquisition ◽  
Instructional Activity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Based Instruction

This research evaluated the efficacy of handwriting, letter tiles, and computer-based instruction on the early spelling acquisition of normal achieving (NLD) and learning disabled (LD) elementary students. The study replicated and extended the Cunningham and Stanovich (1990) study. Forty-eight primary-grade students (24 non-learning disabled; 24 learning disabled) received spelling training under three experimental conditions that involved different types of instructional activity: writing, sorting letter tiles, or typing on the computer. Results indicated no significant differences between the LD and NLD groups on words spelled correctly for any of the three conditions. Since the number of spelling words learned was low across conditions and groups, the number of correctly learned bigrams was examined. No within-group differences emerged for condition (writing, tile, computer); however, significant differences between the groups were found on number of bigrams learned for writing, tile, and computer, with the NLD group outperforming the LD group on all three conditions. Statistically significant time effects for bigrams were also noted for all three conditions. Unlike the Cunningham and Stanovich (1990) study, results did not replicate the superiority of the handwriting condition for the NLD group, nor was the handwriting condition found to be significantly more effective for the LD group.

Scheduling of Condition-Based Predictive Maintenance In ANSDK Using Computer-Based On-Line Monitoring Network

2000 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
A. El Khatib ◽  
G. A. Nassef ◽  
M. N. Fors ◽  
C. C. Chen ◽  
G. A. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based

scholarly journals LC/MARC on MOLDS; An Experiment in Computer-Based Interactive Bibliographic Storage, Search, Retrieval, and Processing

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Pauline Atherton ◽  
Karen B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Computer Laboratory ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Interactive Retrieval ◽  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Formed Part

<p class="p1">A project at Syracuse University utilizing MOLDS, a generalized computer-based interactive retrieval program, with a portion of the Library of Congress MARC Pilot Project tapes as a data base. The system, written in FORTRAN, was used in both a batch and an on-line mode<span class="s1">. </span><span class="s2">It </span>formed part of a computer laboratory for library science students during 1968-1969. This report describes the system and its components and points out its advantages and disadvantages.</p>

The Influence of Experience, Culture and Spatial Visualization Ability on Users' Attitudes and Anxiety Towards Computer Use

2011 ◽  
pp. 269-280
Author(s):  
Pieter Blignaut ◽  
Theo McDonald ◽  
Janse Tolmie
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Computer Anxiety ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
First Year ◽  
Science Students ◽  
African Students ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Two Independent Variables ◽  
Visualization Ability

The attitude towards computer-related tasks, computer anxiety, and spatial visualization ability (SVA) of a group of first-year computer science students were measured just before their study commenced. The results were analyzed empirically based on two independent variables, i.e., culture and computer experience. It was found that African and European users generally have the same attitude towards computer use. Users’ attitudes improved after experience with computer-related tasks. African students experienced significantly higher levels of computer anxiety than their European counterparts with the same amount of experience. It was also found that African users generally have a lower SVA than European users. Users with higher SVA generally have a better attitude towards working with computers and experience a lower level of computer anxiety.

Experimental radiofrequency (RF) coagulation with computer-based on line monitoring of temperature and power

1989 ◽  
Vol 96 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Moringlane ◽  
R. Koch ◽  
H. Sch�fer ◽  
Ch. B. Ostertag
Keyword(s):  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based

Sex-Linked Inheritance of Spatial Ability

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 610-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence C. Hartlage
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
Spatial Abilities ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Mental Abilities ◽  
Visualization Ability

Studies involving the inheritance of primary mental abilities in twins have generally shown that spatial ability appears to be the ability most influenced by hereditary factors (Thurstone, Thurstone, & Strandskov, 1955; Vandenberg, 1965). Stafford (1961), using the Identical Blocks Test as a measure of spatial visualization, demonstrated that a sex-linked recessive gene may be involved in the transmission of spatial abilities. The present study represented an attempt to replicate Stafford's earlier work, using a test which represented a reasonably pure measure of spatial visualization ability.

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