Application of Cognitive Task Analysis in User Requirements Definition and Prototype Design

The Aircraft Maintenance Intuitive Troubleshooting (AMIT) project is a three-year Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) effort headed by the Logistics Readiness Branch, Warfighter Readiness Research Division, Human Effectiveness Directorate (HEAL) through NCI Information Systems, Inc, with the support of the University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI). AMIT's goal is to support aircraft maintenance technicians by providing the right information, appropriate to their experience level, so they will more efficiently and effectively complete their task. Multiple data collection strategies were adopted, including an extensive literature review, a series of process interviews, and a progression of CTA interviews. The CTA effort was designed to capture where the process is inadequate or breaks down. Areas of the maintenance process identified as most challenging includes debrief, problem duplication, and troubleshooting. Resulting design recommendations include Graphical System Representations, electronic technical orders, electronic wiring diagrams, access to other information sources, and application of case based reasoning.

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The Future of the Information Systems Discipline: A Response to Walsham

Journal of Information Technology ◽

10.1057/jit.2012.10 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 96-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Salvatore T. March ◽

Fred Niederman

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Information Systems ◽

Human Mind ◽

Look Ahead ◽

New Knowledge ◽

The Future ◽

Other Information ◽

The Right

We must look ahead at today's radical changes in technology, not just as forecasters but as actors charged with designing and bringing about a sustainable and acceptable world. New knowledge gives us power for change: for good or ill, for knowledge is neutral. The problems we face go well beyond technology: problems of living in harmony with nature, and most important, living in harmony with each other. Information technology, so closely tied to the properties of the human mind, can give us, if we ask the right questions, the special insights we need to advance these goals. Herbert A. Simon (2000)

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Improving the quality of technical data for developing case based reasoning diagnostic software for aircraft maintenance

Proceedings 13th International Conference on Data Engineering ◽

10.1109/icde.1997.582038 ◽

1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Heider

Keyword(s):

Case Based Reasoning ◽

Aircraft Maintenance ◽

Technical Data ◽

Diagnostic Software ◽

Case Based

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Design of Multiple Mailboxes

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202031801041 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 318 ◽

pp. 01041

Author(s):

Athena Baronos ◽

Odysseas Manoliadis ◽

Aristeidis Pavlidis

Keyword(s):

3D Visualization ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Design Stage ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

3D Design ◽

3D Cad ◽

Domestic Use ◽

The Right ◽

The Cost ◽

Apartment Complexes

In today’s world the design of multiple mailboxes comes to cover the evolution of logistics in delivering mail where the postman is not required to visit every user. In this research the 3D visualization is used for the design of multiple mailboxes for domestic use. It concerns the design of mailboxes in ergonomic building blocks and apartment complexes in 3D design so that they can be easily manufactured. Between the advantages of this design will be rapid production of ready-made products production of prototypes that enables testing at the design stage and reduces the time and the cost of production. The design when done with 3D CAD can be manufactured with modern machine tooling methods. In this paper after an extensive Literature Review the postal multiple mailboxes is used as a case study in the use of 3D CAD for 3D printing. A methodology is proposed that enables the examination of prototypes at the design stage according to specifications and allows the manufacturing department of a company to prepare the right tools and begin installing production lines. Conclusively this method gives the advantage of designing the product and supporting the production of scaffolds that can be functionally and ergonomically tested before finalizing the production.

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Humanization on the embracement of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals in primary care: bioethical thoughts for nursing

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/reuol.1302-9310-1-le.0504201128 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1064 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Patrícia Juliana de Sousa ◽

Fátima Maria Da Silva Abrão ◽

Aurélio Molina da Costa ◽

Luiz Oscar Cardoso Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Equal Opportunity ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

State University ◽

Transgender People ◽

Primary Health ◽

Bisexual And Transgender ◽

Lgbt People ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on how nursing may employ the bioethics knowledge inside their practice to assistance and humanize the embracement on primary health care to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender people (LGBT). Methodology: a reflective essay based on extensive literature review and consolidated through discussions during classes, as also seminars and Bioethics readings extracted from the discipline "Fundamentals of Ethics and Bioethics in Health Care” from Masters of Science in Nursing’s Associate Program of Pernambuco State University and Paraiba State University, Brazil. Results: the bioethics knowledge can subscribe the real recognition of citizenship for all people, especially the most vulnerable ones, providing a space for reflections in the direction of harmony and equal opportunity among LGBT and health professionals. Conclusion: the theoretical framework of bioethics can help and support registered Nurses to promote humanized care for embracement of LGBT people in primary health services, in that it gives them sense of dignity and respect through the tolerance and acceptance of the right of diversity. Descriptors: user embracement; primary health care; homosexuality; bioethics; nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: refletir sobre como a Enfermagem pode utilizar o referencial da Bioética para fundamentar sua prática e assistência em relação à garantia de um acolhimento humanizado a Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (LGBT) nos serviços de saúde da atenção básica. Metodologia: ensaio reflexivo baseado em revisão bibliográfica e consolidado por meio de discussões e seminários realizados na disciplina Fundamentos da Ética e Bioética na Saúde e Enfermagem do Programa de Mestrado Associado de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem UPE/UEPB. Resultados: a Bioética contribui para o reconhecimento da plena cidadania de todos os seres humanos principalmente dos mais vulneráveis, deste modo, proporcionando um espaço de reflexão na busca da convivência e da oportunidade entre usuários LGBT e profissionais da saúde. Conclusão: o referencial teórico da Bioética pode ajudar a respaldar e promover o acolhimento humanizado de LGBT pela Enfermagem nos serviços da atenção básica por meio da tolerância com a diversidade e respeito à dignidade humana destes cidadãos. Descritores: acolhimento; atenção básica; homossexualidade; bioética; enfermagem. RESUMEN Objectivo: refletir cómo las enfermeras pueden emplear los conocimientos de bioética dentro de su práctica para la asistencia y humanización de la acogida dentro la atención primaria de la salud de lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y personas transgénero. Metodología: ensayo reflexivo basado en revisión de la literatura y consolidado através de discusiones y seminarios durante las clases, así como seminarios y lecturas de Bioética extraídos de la disciplina "Fundamentos de la Ética y Bioética en la Atención Sanitaria" del Programa Master en Enfermeria Asociado de las Universades de los estados de Pernambuco y Paraiba, Brazil. resultados: la Bioética puede sostener um reconocimiento real de la ciudadanía de las personas, especialmente los más vulnerables, proporcionando un espacio de reflexión en el sentido de la armonía y la igualdad de oportunidades entre los LGBT y profesionales de la salud. Conclusión: el marco teórico de la bioética puede sustener a las enfermeras para una atención más humanizada de la acogida a los LGBT dentro de los servicios de salud primaria, garantizando a estas personas un sentido de dignidad y respeto a través de la tolerancia y la aceptación del derecho de la diversidad. Descriptores: acogimiento; atención primaria de salud; homosexualidad; bioética; enfermería.

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Subjective Workload Measurement: An Aid in Evaluating Flightline Maintenance Systems

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129503901813 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 39 (18) ◽

pp. 1209-1213

Author(s):

Laurie L. Quill ◽

David Kancler

Keyword(s):

Task Load ◽

Subjective Workload ◽

Research Division ◽

Workload Measurement ◽

Objective Performance ◽

Maintenance Technicians ◽

Maintenance Systems ◽

Conducting Research ◽

Performance Times ◽

Performance Results

Armstrong Laboratory, Logistics Research Division performed an evaluation to determine whether flightline maintenance was improved by using a computerized, integrated maintenance information system (IMIS) for different types of users. The laboratory's evaluation overcame several logistical problems common to conducting research outside a laboratory setting. Such problems include obtaining representative subjects, controlling for extraneous variables, and gathering adequate sample data. The present study includes 24 maintenance technicians (12 avionics specialists and 12 crew chief non-specialists). Each subject performed 12 maintenance tasks (6 using electronic and 6 using paper presentation). Subjective workload ratings and objective performance times were measured. Subjective workload (using National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX)) and objective performance results revealed similar interactions. Using paper-based presentations, crew chiefs gave significantly higher subjective workload ratings than avionics specialists and significantly longer total performance time (e.g., time-to-complete). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups when using electronic-based presentations.

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A Pre-Prototyping Framework to Explore Human-Centered Prototyping Strategies During Early Design

Volume 8: 32nd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) ◽

10.1115/detc2020-22700 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Salman Ahmed ◽

H. Onan Demirel

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Product Development Process ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Human Factors Engineering ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Key Factors ◽

Hands On ◽

The Right

Abstract Current prototyping frameworks are often prompt-based and heavily rely on designers’ experience. The lack of systematic guidelines in prototyping activities causes unwanted variation in the quality of the prototype. Notably, there is limited, or no prototyping framework exists that enables human factors engineering (HFE) guidelines be part of the early product development process. In this paper, a pre-prototyping framework is proposed to render human-centered design strategies to guide designers before the hands-on prototyping activity starts. The methodology consists of extracting key factors related to prototyping and human factors engineering principles based on an extensive literature review. The key elements are then combined to form the prototyping categories, dimensions (theory), and tools (practice). The resulting prototyping framework can be used to develop prototyping strategies consist of theoretical guidelines and practical tools that are needed during the prototyping of human-centered products. The framework provides systematic guidance to designers in the early stages of the design process so that designers, in particular novices in ergonomics and human factors, can have a head start in building the prototypes in the right direction. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate a walk-through and efficacy of the proposed pre-prototyping framework.

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Developing Maintenance Key Performance Indicators From Maintenance Work Order Data

Volume 3: Manufacturing Equipment and Systems ◽

10.1115/msec2018-6492 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael P. Brundage ◽

K. C. Morris ◽

Thurston Sexton ◽

Sascha Moccozet ◽

Michael Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Performance Indicators ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Key Performance Indicators ◽

Maintenance Management ◽

Other Information ◽

Maintenance Decisions ◽

Maintenance Technicians ◽

Maintenance Work ◽

Maintenance Decision ◽

Medium Enterprises

Maintenance management for manufacturing is a crucial activity for improving productivity within a facility. Within this process, maintenance work orders (MWOs) are used when tracking and solving any maintenance–related issue. The MWOs often capture the problem, the solution, at what machine the problem occurred, who solved the problem, when the problem occurred, and other information. These MWOs are manually written by maintenance technicians, entered into a database, or recorded directly into maintenance management software. Technicians often describe or record information informally — or do not record it at all — leading to inconsistencies and/or inaccuracies in the data. This paper outlines maintenance key performance indicators (KPIs), developed using MWOs, that show why consistent and accurate data collection is important for maintenance decision making. The maintenance data, or “elements,” and their corresponding KPIs are derived from MWOs from real manufacturers (large manufacturers and small and medium enterprises). While all elements or KPIs are not recorded by every manufacturer, the guideline provided here outlines the elements necessary to calculate specific KPIs. These examples are developed to aid in common maintenance decisions.

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Reporting quality of chronic kidney disease practice guidelines according to the RIGHT statement: a systematic analysis

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease ◽

10.1177/2040622320922017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 204062232092201

Author(s):

Yang Zhao ◽

Yanyan Li ◽

Junwei Li ◽

Weijuan Song ◽

Jun Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Practice Guidelines ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Basic Information ◽

Average Quality ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Other Information ◽

The Right

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reporting quality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) guidelines. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and guideline-related websites were searched from 2008 to 2019. The CKD guidelines were included. Two reviewers used the RIGHT (Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare) checklist to assess the quality of guidelines and calculate the reporting proportion of each guideline. Results: We included 13 guidelines, of which 30.8% (4/13) were developed in Europe and about two-thirds (8/13) were published on their own website. The average quality of the 13 guidelines was 68.57%. The reporting proportion of the seven domains (i.e. basic information; background; evidence; recommendations; review and quality assurance; funding and declaration and management of interests; other information) were 65.39%, 81.73%, 63.08%, 69.23%, 53.85%, 63.46%, and 61.54%, respectively. Conclusion: CKD guidelines had moderate reporting quality in some domains, but guideline developers should increase the reporting items in basic information, guideline evidence, and recommendations. The RIGHT checklist would be a useful tool to improve the reporting quality of guidelines.

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