A Toolkit to Assist Researchers to More Efficiently Conduct Experiments Assessing Human State

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 2032-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany K. Bracken ◽  
Noa Palmon ◽  
David Koelle ◽  
Mike Farry
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Multiple Sensor ◽  
Support Research

For teams to perform effectively, individuals must focus on their own tasks, while simultaneously maintaining awareness of other team members. Researchers studying and attempting to optimize performance of teams as well as individual team members use assessments of behavioral, neurophysiological, and physiological signals that correlate with individual and team performance. However, synchronizing data from multiple sensor devices can be difficult, and building and using models to assess human states of interest can be time-consuming and non-intuitive. To assist researchers, we built an Adaptable Toolkit for the Assessment and Augmentation of Performance by Teams in Real Time (ADAPTER), which provides a framework that flexibly integrates sensors and fuses sensor data to assess performance. ADAPTER flexibly integrates current and emerging sensors; assists researchers in creating and implementing models that support research on performance and the development of augmentation strategies; and enables comprehensive and holistic characterization of team member performance during real-time experimental protocols.

Only As Strong As the Strongest Link: The Impact of Individual Team Member Proficiency in Configuration Design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Brownell ◽  
Jonathan Cagan ◽  
Kenneth Kotovsky
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Configuration Design ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Markov Modeling ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Hidden Markov Modeling ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Prior research has demonstrated how the average characteristics of a team impact team performance. Individual characteristics of team members and individual team member behavior have been largely ignored, especially in the context of engineering design. In this work, a behavioral study was conducted to uncover whether the most or least proficient member of a configuration design team had a larger impact on overall performance. It was found that a configuration design team is most dependent on the proficiency of its most proficient member and results suggest that replacing the most proficient member with an even more proficient member can be expected to have a more positive impact than replacing any other member with a higher proficiency member of the same change in proficiency. The most proficient member had a significant positive effect on how quickly the team reached performance thresholds and that the other members of the team were not found to have the same positive impact throughout the design study. Behavioral heuristics were found using hidden Markov modeling to capture the differences in behavior and design strategy between different proficiency members. Results show that high proficiency and low proficiency team members exhibit different behavior, with the most proficient member’s behavior leading to topologically simpler designs and other members adopting their designs, leading to the most proficient member driving the team design and team performance.

Argus, a System for Varying Cognitive Workload

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (16) ◽  
pp. 1147-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Schoelles ◽  
Wayne D. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Cognitive Workload ◽  
Team Members ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Support Team ◽  
Multiple Display ◽  
Support Research

Argus is a system developed to support research to understand and measure cognitive workload. It consists of a single-subject and a team version. Research with the single-subject version is concerned with cognitive workload from a dynamic micro-strategy perspective; the team version seeks to identify communication protocols and decision aids that support team performance under high workload conditions. Workload is varied by the experimenter through a set of authoring tools. In the single-subject version, multiple tasks, a decision task and/or a tracking task, multiple display interfaces and input modes further enhance the variability of task workload. In the team version, communication between team members is accomplished through text and data messages sent between workstations.

Social Psychophysiology of Teamwork during Continuous Tracking

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2-739-2-742
Author(s):  
Robert A. Henning ◽  
Wolfram Boucsein ◽  
Monica Gil
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Improved Performance

Team proficiency may depend on the extent of social-physiological compliance among participants. This laboratory study tested if compliance in electrodermal activity, heart rate or breathing in two-person teams (N=16) was predictive of team performance or coordination in a continuous tracking task that simulated teleoperation. Social-physiological compliance for each physiological measure was scored separately using weighted coherence and cross correlation of the physiological changes occurring in both participants (e.g., the cross correlation of the breathing pattern of the first team member with the breathing pattern of the second team member). Direct visual feedback between participants was systematically manipulated. Multiple regression analyses revealed that many coherence measures and one correlation measure were predictive of team performance. While social-visual contact had no impact, physiological compliance was predictive of improved performance, with coherence robust over all three physiological measures. These results provide correlational evidence that social-physiological compliance among team members may benefit team performance. Possible macroergonomic applications are discussed including assessment of team situation awareness, adaptive automation based on team biocybernetics, and objective evaluation of interface designs for computer-supported cooperative work.

Carrying the Team: The Importance of One Player’s Survival for Team Success in League of Legends

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Eaton ◽  
Matthew-Donald D. Sangster ◽  
Molly Renaud ◽  
David J. Mendonca ◽  
Wayne D. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Online Game ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Success ◽  
The World ◽  
Gaming Environment ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
Team Familiarity ◽  
League Of Legends

Objective: This research investigates the effect of “critical” team members and team familiarity on team performance in the Multi-player Online Battle Arena gaming environment, League of Legends™. Background: A critical team member is any member of a team whose presence (or absence) can have a dramatic impact on the team’s ability to reach their objective, while team familiarity can be viewed as the knowledge team members have about one another and the knowledge team members have about the tasks that must be accomplished. Methods: Data visualization techniques and logistic regression is used to explore team data collected from publicly accessible sources for the online game League of Legends, which is one of the most popular games in the world. Results: The proportion of time a team’s “Carry” is incapacitated (the “critical” team member) during a given match has a direct impact on how the team performs. Conclusions: The results show that critical team positions exist on teams, and can have a significant effect on achieving the team’s goals. In addition, there is a need for the development of tools, techniques and measures to bring “Big Data” to bear in the study of teamwork. Application: This research illustrates the feasibility of exploring online gaming data for new insights into team performance.

Sensor Fusion for Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Tool Wear in Surfacing With Fly Cutters

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramsey F. Hamade ◽  
Ali H. Ammouri
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Image Capturing ◽  
Dimensional Measurements ◽  
Multiple Sensor ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

A coherent artificial neural network, ANN, software program capable of real time analysis and decision-making is utilized in this work for the automatic detection and diagnostics of tool wear during a surfacing milling operation using a fly cutter. Several sensors were utilized to collect data indirectly related to wear: current measurements from the spindle and two (x, y) drive motors, three (x, y, z) components of cutting force, and acoustic emission. Furthermore, direct wear measurements were collected using image capturing and dimensional measurements of the worn location (not performed in real-time). As the inputs from these sensors were ‘fused’, the ANN utilized this multiple-sensor data to yield reasonable predictions of ‘good’, ‘used’, and ‘worn’ tools.

Leading Teams to Optimize Performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 383-402
Author(s):  
Lissa V. Young
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Team Processes ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Teams are a critical aspect of organizational life and understanding the taxonomy and processes extant in team life is a critical first step in learning how to optimize team and individual performance. This chapter examines key components of both team structure and team processes that form the fundamental underpinnings of team performance. Once leaders understand these constructs and the role they play in team performance, leaders can devise interventions to build better teams. The best teams produce the best team performances and contribute to enhancing the skill development of each individual team member. The relationship between the team and its members is symbiotic. Given this, a leader has the potential to impact the development of teams and individual team members simultaneously.

Team Member Subjective Communication in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Teams

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus C. Arnold ◽  
R. Lynn Hannan ◽  
Ivo D. Tafkov
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Behavioral Theories ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Heterogeneous Teams

ABSTRACT This study investigates whether subjective communication from team members to a manager responsible for allocating performance-based bonuses increases team performance and whether the efficacy of such communication is reduced in heterogeneous teams. We draw on both economic and behavioral theories to predict that communication content, even though subjective, provides information that enables the manager to allocate bonuses so as to enhance the relation between individuals' contributions and rewards, thereby increasing individuals' effort and team performance. However, we also predict that the positive effect of team member subjective communication is more muted when team members' abilities are heterogeneous compared to homogeneous. We test these predictions via an experiment. Consistent with our predictions, team member subjective communication has a positive effect on team performance, and the positive effect is more muted for heterogeneous teams. Results of our study contribute to both theory and practice by enhancing our understanding of the role of subjective communication from team members to team managers in motivating effort in teams and, particularly, how its efficacy is affected by team composition. Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.

scholarly journals THE GARIBALDI RANKING MODE METRIC (GR2M) MODEL AS A METHOD FOR ASSESSING ACCURATE AND FAIR WORK TEAMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Ganjar Garibaldi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Work Teams ◽  
Work Team ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Assessment Results

Garibaldi Ranking Mode Metric (GR2M) Model, is a work team performance appraisal method that aims to provide information of team performance obtained from the assessment of perceptions of all team members, which aims to provide accurate data on the performance of each team member performance. In this method GR2M assessment, each member is required to provide an assessment with a comprehensive ranking and modus method for all team members, including himself. Furthermore, by compiling and averaging all the assessment results of all team members, an assessment will be obtained that represents all assessors' perceptions in this case, all team members. Dimensions used for this are; 1) Work process and 2) Work results. While each dimension consists of several indicators. From testing on the main sectors of business that are growing rapidly, namely Information and telecommunications in Indonesia that are quite representative and the world of education, obtained fair and accurate assessment results representing the perceptions of the team members. Qualitative research method with triangulation validation. With this method it is proven that the factors tested are significant factors in explaining and measuring the potential of the correlation.

The Impact of Training on Teamwork and Simulated Debriefings on Real-Life Cardiopulmonary Arrest Events

2021 ◽  
pp. 104687812199160
Author(s):  
Tara Mahramus Hunt ◽  
Mindi Anderson ◽  
Mai Vo ◽  
Daleen Aragon Penoyer
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resuscitation Team

Background Prior to the study, debriefings post-real-life cardiopulmonary arrest at the associated hospital were conducted only 3% of the time. However, debriefings post-cardiopulmonary arrests are recommended by multiple entities to improve team performance. Methods A course on teamwork, education on a structured method of debriefing, and debriefing practice via simulated role-play were provided to resuscitation team members. A prospective, mixed methods study including team member perceptions of debriefings and the number of debriefings conducted post-cardiopulmonary arrests were measured after the intervention. Results Debriefings increased from 3% to 39%. Debriefings were valued by all team members. Themes generated from team members’ comments included improvement, communication, and team function. Conclusions Debriefings post-real-life cardiopulmonary arrest events are feasible in a hospital setting. Teamwork principles training with simulated role-play of debriefing can impact the process of whether debriefings occur and are highly regarded by multidisciplinary team members.

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