FINANCIAL CRISIS AND USURY IN DIGITAL ECONOMIC

This paper investigates the inadequate evidence of usury in the economy in ASIA 5, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, China, and South Korea, to answer why major religions (Islam, Christianity, Judaism) prohibit usury. We use a qualitative research method of content analysis by collecting several justifiable evidence using source triangulation and method triangulation and combining with quantitative content analysis, which quantifies the qualitative findings and analyzes them quantitatively using Threshold Autoregressive. It is a proxy for forecasting future economic conditions considering each exchange rate regimes and the period of crisis experienced by the five countries. We found that the higher the riba proxied by the interest rate, the more burdening the five countries to recover from the crisis. Moreover, we find that the concept of sharia, which is proxied by direct investment, can boost the economy and can increase economic resilience against the financial crisis, which was evident in three countries, namely Thailand, Malaysia, and China, during the Asian crisis period (1997) to the digital economy era (2020).

21st CENTURY INDIA AND BANGLADESH BETWEEN CONSIDERING TRADE RELATION OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

India Bangladesh Trade Relations, Perspectives E-Commerce both India and Bangladesh can benefit greatly from the development of trade and commerce by harnessing their position and creating a business-friendly environment. The economic and trade activities of the two countries will create employment opportunities and improve the living standards of the people of the region. In addition, the development of infrastructure for commercial purposes positively impacts the communication of people in the region and on the overall human resources. Bangladesh has the opportunity to enter such a large market in India with its products; In the same way, India and Bangladesh can benefit by investing in various large-scale development projects. The two countries will stand on a strong foundation in the economic structure through mutual understanding, trust and common business solutions. Bilateral alternate and funding furnish massive possibilities for accelerating enlargement and reducing poverty. Bangladesh can moreover, in addition, choose out to export some distance more, for example, to India‘s big market, and Indian firms ought to make investments in Bangladesh, benefiting from significant and as a substitute a pinnacle notch deal heaps plenty much less immoderate priced labor, and re-export to India as excellent as high-quality countries Relation between India and Bangladesh considering trade opportunities in E-commerce age and there are enough possibilities for alternate in services.

IS GENDER PLAYS A ROLE IN WORKPLACE?

Women participation in the workplace has increased dramatically in recent years, yet the women in the the highest positions of the organizations are still rare. Women face greater barriers that are different from those of their male counterparts when moving up the career ladder. Glass-ceiling refers to situations where the advancement of a qualified person within the hierarchy of an organization is halted at a particular level. The paper discusses the glass ceiling of women employees and the nature of the glass ceiling among the women in society. Further it provides a critical analysis on the glass ceiling by giving empirical evidence from different authors. Evidence shows that glass ceiling is still prevalent around the world. However, cooperates do not believe the existence of glass ceiling, which makes the situation worse by hiding reality. They argued that glass-ceiling effect is a myth created by society. Moreover, it is argued that the lack of women employees in the top positions of the organizations is not because of the glass-ceiling was there but because the factors within the women employees hinder their movements to the top positions in the organizations. Hence glass ceiling remains still debatable.

MONETARY OUTLOOK

This paper aims to study the transformation of money in the United States using qualitative content analysis and predict the stability of the internal exchange rate of money by comparing the internal exchange rate of commodity money proxied by gold against crude oil internally. The exchange rate of fiat money proxied by the USD against crude oil and the internal exchange rate of synthetic money proxied by bitcoin against crude oil use the autoregressive threshold (TAR) method in the exchange period. In the great depression, fiat standards, subprime mortgage crisis, Europe experienced a debt crisis until 2017 (1960 - 2017). We compare the internal stability of money for each period in the aggregate using TAR to describe the overall fluctuation of internal exchange rate stability. So it can be seen that the behavior of data movements based on the crisis period experienced is the basis for predicting the stability of the internal exchange rate in the future.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COVID-19 POLICY RELATED TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ACADEMICS AND PRACTITIONERS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NUSA CENDANA

This research aims to understand the implementation of the COVID-19 policies related to financial management in the perspective of academics and practitioners at the University of Nusa Cendana. This research uses qualitative methods and the primary data has been obtained by interviews and literature reviews regarding the Covid-19 management policy at the University of Nusa Cendana. This research focuses on the implementation of the Covid-19 financial management policy, the evaluation, and the factors that affect the Covid-19 Policy Implementation process. Research showed that from an academic perspective, the implementation of the Covid-19 policy related to financial management has not been going well because there is no socialization to academics. On the other hand, from the perspective of practitioners at Nusa Cendana University, it has been running. However, certain points must be considered such as unexpected shopping that is not yet available in the current DPA budget, Relocation and cash management when unexpected spending is insufficient, Evaluation of Covid-19 policies related to financial management at Nusa Cendana University has not been implemented properly due to the absence of a financial management policy related to Covid-19 and a system Supporting evaluations with working from home and therefore it is necessary to have a financial management policy and establish a risk management unit to anticipate if this pandemic continues.

THE KEY SUCCESS FACTORS AND KEY OBSTACLES OF ADMINISTRATION OF THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF COVID–19 IN THAILAND

Health workforces in both urban and rural areas in Thailand formed a professional public health association (CPHA) in 2005 and pushed the government to enact the Community - Public Health Professional Act (CPH Act) until success in 2013. The purpose of CPH council is to regulate its member practice with professional standard and professional ethics. By law, the president of the CPHA is a member of the professional council by position and CPHA have to support the activities of CPH council. The objective of this study is to describe the opinion of the members of the CPHA executive board about the key success factors and t obstacles of administration of the COVID – 19 during the lockdown period in Thailand. Delphi technique is a process of arriving at group consensus by providing experts with rounds of questionnaires, as well as the group response before each subsequent round. The group of experts are 24 members of the CPHA executive board. By collecting data between March - July 2020. There were unmatched and different opinions in the first round, but when presented with the same information. In the second round, more than 75% agreed that the factors that were most important to the administration of COVID – 19 prevention and control were 100% or consensus are leadership of health workforces, accurate knowledge and information of workers in COVID prevention and control, and unity level of work together as a team. The top three obstacles were 83.33%, a centrally defined committee structure, equal to the normality regulations that were not appropriate with the COVID – 19 situations and 79.17 sufficiency of supporting essential materials. The results of this study are consistent with the WHO Framework’s Six Building Blocks.

TOURISM SERVICES AND COVID-19

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time and the biggest challenge we have faced since World War II. Since its appearance in Asia at the end of last year, the virus has spread to all continents. In this context, we want in our article to present and analyze the impact of COVID 19 on tourist services, an area very affected by the pandemic we are currently going through. In Romania, starting from the studies elaborated abroad, the specialists focused on the macroeconomic impact of the COVID 19 crisis on the tourist services in our country and analyzed two scenarios - S1 - quasi-blockage of tourism activities for three months and Scenario S2 - the extension of the blockade to four months. Presenting factual data on the evolution of specific indicators in the tourism industry recorded during the COVID pandemic compared to the same period last year in Romania, this paper is intended, if necessary, as an alarm signal for the need to systemically address the effects of this pandemic, as a starting point for substantiating viable strategies necessary to relaunch the world economy for the benefit of us all.

IMPACT OF LAISSEZ-FAIRE, TRANSACTIONAL AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP

While the concept of leadership has been extensively explored, there is limited research investigating which leadership style is good for employees to increase their motivation level in the ICT sector. This research explores the impact of Laissez-faire, Transactional and Transformational leadership styles on the motivation of employees in the ICT sector in Nepal in quantitative methods. The survey questionnaire method was chosen for the data collection. Data were collected from 45 employees working in 5 different ICT companies inside the Kathmandu Valley, where they responded about the head of their organization's leadership style and their level of motivation. Convenience sampling was used. This research used multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the impact of Laissez-faire, Transactional and Transformational leadership on employees' motivation level. The result showed that Transformational leadership has a significant impact on the motivation level of employees in ICT sector in Nepal, while the same could not be said in the case of Laissez-faire and Transactional leadership styles.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AND JOB SATISFACTION OF FACULTY MEMBERS IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES

The modern academic world is undergoing a sea-change. There was a time when only government institutions were present to offer education to humankind. Now, a lot of private institutions, in addition to the Government institutions, are serving society. In this world, the role of teachers cannot be ignored. The psychological contract plays a remarkable role in meeting the faculty members' unsaid expectations and management of private universities. The study was conducted with the faculty members of private universities considering the four states of eastern India (Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand and West Bengal) to identify the factors affecting the psychological contract of faculty members and its impact on job satisfaction. Appropriate statistical tools were applied to measure the above. The findings of the research will help the management of the private Universities to decide on the organizational policy.

ADVANCING SUSTAINABILITY INNOVATION WITHIN THE ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING SPHERE

In light of the fourth industrial revolution, human resources management (HRM) is considered to be an integral part of any competitive organization and it is responsible for shaping organizational behavior and culture. With the increasing awareness of the industrial impact on the environment, sustainability innovation is a vital discourse for scholars, academicians, and practitioners. This work uses literature from diverse schools of thought that explored the role of the human resource discipline in advancing sustainability innovation. This paper also presents a unique model for human resource and talent development practitioners towards an authentic response to eco-sustainability innovation. A contextualized matrix on implications for sustainability (Crew 2010) incorporating special approaches for sustainability innovation (McCarthy, Garavan, and O’Teele, 2003), green initiatives of human resource department (Milliman, 2013) and the promotion of sustainability culture (Blake, 2016) was outlined that serves as authentic approach to eco-sustainability for practitioners to realistically carry out human resource initiatives in their respective organization. This study further directs human resource professionals to act as boundary spanners in order to facilitate strategic teams who are paramount to responding to the external environment for organizational performance.