The Detection and Identification of Pictorial Changes between Successive Presentations

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-392
Author(s):  
Michael S. Wogalter
Keyword(s):  
Potential Problem ◽  
Code Theory ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dual Code Theory ◽  
Picture Memory ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Competition Effects ◽  
Picture Pair ◽  
Types Of Change ◽  
Better Than

The present research examines the abilitv to detect and identify particular changes between successive pictorial scenes. This investigation focussed on two particular types of change in complex black and white pictures: the addition of objects or patterns, or the deletion of similar objects or patterns in a successivly presented picture. In Experiment 1, additions were found to be more easilv identified than deletions but only for pattern changes and not for objects. This difference decreased in magnitude with a longer interval between pictures of a pair. A potential problem with this experiment is that subjects were required to report five changes per picture pair and systematic output competition effects may have interacted with picture memory as a function of delav. In Experiment 2 the picture pairs contained only one change. The results showed that additions were more often detected than deletions and object changes more often than pattern changes. A planned comparison revealed that the detection of pattern-additions were significantly better than the detection of pattern-deletions. Experiment 3 again replicated this finding. The results of this research are discussed in terms of a dual-code theory and its utility in a variety of applied settings.

Evaluation of Gas-Liquid Chromatography in Assays for Blood Volatiles

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Mather ◽  
Angel Assimos
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Assay ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Internal Reference ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Better Than

Abstract A simple screening by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) can provide definitive answers in the detection and identification of a number of volatile substances, including acetone and the common alcohols. After identification, quantitative assay by an internal-reference technic yields highly specific values for ethyl alcohol concentration with a precision at least equal to (and for low levels, better than) that of conventional assays. The unique advantage of GLC is in its simultaneous quantitative assay of mixtures, some of which cannot be satisfactorily assayed or even recognized in any other way. The combination of speed and negligible sample volumes render the technic valuable for sequential studies on capillary blood samples and, potentially, for mass screening of large populations.

Black and White Spruce Plantings in Minnesota: Container vs Bareroot Stock and Fall vs Spring Planting

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Alm
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Spring Planting ◽  
Better Than

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) styrob-lock and paperpot and 3-0 and 2-2 seedlings were planted spring and fall. After four seasons of growth the container seedlings had survival and height growth as good or better than the nursery seedlings. There were no differences in performance between the two container systems. The 2-2 stock generally had better survival than the 3-0 stock. Survival of fall-planted stock was equal to or better than that of the spring-planted stock. Key words: white spruce, black spruce, styroplugs, paper pots, seedlings, transplants, artificial regeneration, fall vs spring planting

Aging and Serial List Picture Memory

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Korsnes ◽  
Alberta S. Gilinsky
Keyword(s):  
Serial Position ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serial List ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Picture Memory ◽  
Monotonically Decreasing Function ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Serial Position Functions ◽  
List Memory

List memory of 6 young and 6 older human adults was tested with lists of four visual items (black and white patterns and colored abstract paintings). We investigated the effects of varying the length of the recognition interval on the serial-position function for picture recognition in the two age groups. Increases in the retention interval showed a consistent modification of the shape of the serial-position function from a monotonically increasing function at the shortest interval to a monotonically decreasing function at the longest interval. The time course of these changes was faster for older adults than for young adults. Age differences in the length of the interval required for a shift in the serial-position functions from recency to primacy effects were strikingly similar to those previously found between young people and nonhuman species.

A Novel Energy Efficient Joint Dynamic Emissive Location-Based Routing Scheme for SOFAR Channel Underwater Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 2001-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia Sheng Tsai ◽  
Chich Fu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Better Than

The Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) could be recorded by hydrophones suspended in the channel as earthquake monitors by seismic events on or below the seafloor generated energy. In this paper, we present a novel position of sensor devices and routing protocol towards short for Sound Fixing and Ranging channel (SOFAR) for Sound Fixing and Ranging channel technologies, which could save transmission power. The sound speed also increases towards the warmer sea surface with temperature. Thus we use the oceanography to find more efficient ways of utilizing routing protocol and in to obtain more effective detection and identification capabilities for underwater sources. We present an adaptive location-based routing protocol which can overcome the location based UWSN without Global Positioning System (GPS) position. It reduced costs of deployment in long range propagation. The performances are measured according to the energy consumption per bit in which the result of simulator is better than other routing protocols such as FBR.

Early-Blind Subjects' Spatial Representation of Manipulatory Space: Exploratory Strategies and Reaction to Change

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Gaunet ◽  
Jean-Luc Martinez ◽  
Catherine Thinus-Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Types Of Change ◽  
Early Blindness

The present study was aimed at analysing the effects of a lack of visual experience in human subjects on the detection and identification of a spatial change brought about to a configuration of objects displayed in manipulatory space. Exploratory patterns and performance levels were recorded. Learning effects were observed in different types of change and condition of presentation only in the early-blind and blindfolded sighted groups, but not in the late-blind group. Early blindness affected both exploratory patterns and performance levels. In addition, significant correlations were found between performance level and the use of systematic patterns of exploration. These data are discussed in relation with the importance of early vision during the development of spatial cognition.

scholarly journals The effect of perceived interracial competition on psychological outcomes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245671
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gordils ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot ◽  
Jeremy P. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Theory Development ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Behavioral Avoidance ◽  
Competition Condition ◽  
Competition Effects ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The U.S

There remains a dearth of research on causal roles of perceived interracial competition on psychological outcomes. Towards this end, this research experimentally manipulated perceptions of group-level competition between Black and White individuals in the U.S. and tested for effects on negative psychological outcomes. In Study 1 (N = 899), participants assigned to the high interracial competition condition (HRC) reported perceiving more discrimination, behavioral avoidance, intergroup anxiety, and interracial mistrust relative to low interracial competition (LRC) participants. Study 2 –a preregistered replication and extension—specifically recruited similar numbers of only Black and White participants (N = 1,823). Consistent with Study 1, Black and White participants in the HRC condition reported more discrimination, avoidance, anxiety, and mistrust. Main effects for race also emerged: Black participants perceived more interracial competition and negative outcomes. Racial income inequality moderated effects; competition effects were stronger in areas with higher levels of inequality. Implications for theory development are discussed.

Identification of Cartographic Symbols from TV Displays

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam W. Wong ◽  
Nick G. Yacoumelos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Color Display ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Resolution Capability ◽  
Resolution Level ◽  
Display Systems ◽  
Better Than

An experiment was conducted to investigate the resolution capability of TV displays in distinguishing details from line-maps and picto-maps, and to establish the relative merits of color and black-and-white TV display systems. The experimental variables included two display types, three map types, four symbol types, and three image-resolution levels. The results showed that a color display offered some advantage over a black-and-white display of equivalent effective resolution. However, a black-and-white system could provide the same performance at the expense of a slightly higher effective resolution. At an image-resolution level of nine TV-lines/mm, alphanumeric symbols were identified almost 100% correctly for all map types and display types. Area and line symbols achieved their maximum level of performance at five and seven TV-lines/mm, respectively. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1:24,000 maps were significantly better than TOPOCOM line-maps and picto-maps.

An automatic method for detecting missing dots in rotogravure printing

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 750-756
Author(s):  
JEAN-PHILIPPE BERNIÉ ◽  
IAN A. JOURNEAUX
Keyword(s):  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Image Binarization ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Specific Shape ◽  
Flat Bed Scanner ◽  
Better Than

We introduce a new approach to detecting missing dots in rotogravure printing, based on binary morphology and convolution filtering, that addresses the drawbacks of automated techniques using a fast Fourier transform algorithm. Our method was developed for the Heliotest, which is a widely used halftone print quality test for rotogravure printing. A strip of decreasing halftone intensity is printed and the missing dots are counted visually. The distance to the 20th missing dot provides the Heliotest print quality number. To automate the determination of the Heliotest number, the strip is scanned with a standard flat-bed scanner. Using image analysis, an image binarization separates the printed dots from the unprinted area. Then, a black and white convolution is performed to locate the specific shape corresponding to the missing dots. Each possible missing dot is analyzed by the algorithm to determine whether it is a missing dot or a dot that is misshapen, weak, or incomplete. We found that this automatic procedure provides an excellent match to visual assessment. On 90 out of 100 test samples used for validation, our method gives the same result as the visual assessment. The other samples have one or two false positives in the missing dots. This was significantly better than the techniques that were in use before. After validation, the technique was deployed at NewPage; it has been regularly used as a product quality test at the mill and at the NewPage Research Center since 2011.

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