Assessment of Graphics and Text Formats for System Status Displays

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (18) ◽  
pp. 1464-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Nugent ◽  
James W. Broyles
Keyword(s):  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Reliable Performance ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Presentation Formats ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Status Data ◽  
Accuracy Data ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

This study compared the relative effectiveness of three computer-based formats for displaying Navy system status data. Response speed and accuracy data were collected for each format on four tasks typically performed in a shipboard Combat Information Center (CIC). The three presentation formats were character readout (CRO), text-only, and text-graphics. Results showed the text-only and text-graphics formats produced faster, more accurate performance than the CRO on count and compare tasks; however, no reliable performance differences were found between presentation formats for identify and criterion tasks. Predictions concerning an advantage for the text-graphics format over the text-only format on certain types of tasks were not supported by the study findings. The practical applications and design implications of these findings are discussed.

An Examination of Developmental Trajectories for Attention Skills in Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny McKay ◽  
Jennifer Betts ◽  
Paul Maruff ◽  
Vicki Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Attention Skills ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Speed And Accuracy ◽  
Naming Test

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the development of attention skills through middle childhood and to document developmental trajectories associated with tasks of increasing attentional demands. The sample comprised 57 children (aged 5–12 years) who were divided, according to age, into three groups. Performance differences between the groups were compared on two measures, each including four subtests of increasing complexity and tapping both speed and accuracy: CogState, a computerised measure, and The Contingency Naming Test, a paper-and-pencil test. We predicted that there would be: (1) improvements in performance with increasing age, (2) deceases in performance with increasing task complexity and (3) parallel increments in performance on computer-based and paper-and-pencil measures. The results indicated that there were rapid improvements in performance on both computer-based and paper-and-pencil measures between the ages of 5 and 8 years indicated by changes in both response speed and response accuracy. In contrast, more moderate improvements were identified between the ages of 9 to 12 years and occurred mainly in the domain of speed.

Effects of Symbol Type, Selection Tool and Information Density on Tactical Display Visual Search Performance

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (19) ◽  
pp. 1256-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Selection Tool ◽  
Target Track ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Speed Accuracy

This study compared the relative effectiveness of two color-coded symbol sets and two selection tools in performing a tactical display visual search task. Performance data were obtained for 36 symbols (called target tracks), 12 in each of three warfare areas. Each target track was presented under four levels of overlap by adjoining or occluding it with non-target (distracter) symbols of the same or different color. Performance measures, which included speed, accuracy, number of selection tool uses and time-outs, were obtained for 144 trials per participant. Results showed color-filled NATO symbols yielded faster, more accurate performance than stroke-drawn NTDS symbols for all but the total overlap condition. Significant two-way interactions were also obtained between the symbol set and selection tool factors, with results showing poorer overall performance for participants in the NTDS-click tool condition. The practical applications and design implications of these findings are discussed, along with specific recommendations for improving operator performance when using color-filled NATO symbols in dense tactical track environments.

A Comparison of Three Methods for Controlling Aircraft Systems

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 638-641
Author(s):  
John P. Zenyuh ◽  
John M. Reising
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Voice Recognition ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Remote Touch ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

The objective of this study was to compare the relative effectiveness of three modes of subsystem control: a voice recognition system with visual feedback presented on the head-up display, a standard multifunction control device with tailored switching logic, and a remotely operated multifunction control with feedback presented on the head-up display. Comparisons were based on measures of interference with a loading task and overall speed and accuracy of the control operations performed. The working hypothesis was that the voice system and head-up multifunction control would manifest substantially lower interference with the primary task, while subsystem control operation times would remain unaffected by control mode. The results indicate that performance with the remote touch panel was significantly poorer than with the voice or standard multifunction control systems.

A Comparison of a Stereographic 3-D Display versus a 2-D Display Using an Advanced Air-to-Air Format

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P Zenyuh ◽  
John M Reising ◽  
Scott WalchliLt ◽  
David Biers
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Dynamic Head ◽  
Spatial Location Information ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
The Given ◽  
Task Simulation ◽  
Accuracy Performance ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

This study compared the relative abilities of a stereoscopic 3-D display versus a conventional 2-D display to provide spatial location information. The evaluation was conducted as a part mission, full-task simulation in the context of an air-to-air fighter mission. A dual task paradigm was employed requiring the subjects to acquire situation awareness of their immediate air-to-air environment while simultaneously performing a simple flight task. Situation awareness was defined as the ability to visually search a spatial quadrant of the air-to-air situation display relative to the ownship symbol and identify the number of aircraft symbols in a given target group found in that quadrant. The simulated flight task was a two-axis tracking task on a dynamic Head-Up Display format, using a force-stick controller. The subject's response speed and accuracy on the search task and deviations from the given track on the flight task were used as performance measures in this study. The results showed a significant accuracy performance advantage for those formats presented with the stereoscopic 3-D display.

scholarly journals Adaptive Object Tracking via Multi-Angle Analysis Collaboration

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Xue ◽  
Zhiyong Feng ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Zhaopeng Meng ◽  
Chengwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Object Tracking ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Action Space ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Strategic Framework ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Q Learning ◽  
State Action ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Although tracking research has achieved excellent performance in mathematical angles, it is still meaningful to analyze tracking problems from multiple perspectives. This motivation not only promotes the independence of tracking research but also increases the flexibility of practical applications. This paper presents a significant tracking framework based on the multi-dimensional state–action space reinforcement learning, termed as multi-angle analysis collaboration tracking (MACT). MACT is comprised of a basic tracking framework and a strategic framework which assists the former. Especially, the strategic framework is extensible and currently includes feature selection strategy (FSS) and movement trend strategy (MTS). These strategies are abstracted from the multi-angle analysis of tracking problems (observer’s attention and object’s motion). The content of the analysis corresponds to the specific actions in the multidimensional action space. Concretely, the tracker, regarded as an agent, is trained with Q-learning algorithm and ϵ -greedy exploration strategy, where we adopt a customized rewarding function to encourage robust object tracking. Numerous contrast experimental evaluations on the OTB50 benchmark demonstrate the effectiveness of the strategies and improvement in speed and accuracy of MACT tracker.

A Neural System for Error Detection and Compensation

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Gehring ◽  
Brian Goss ◽  
Michael G. H. Coles ◽  
David E. Meyer ◽  
Emanuel Donchin
Keyword(s):  
Error Detection ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Neural Process ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Human Event ◽  
Errors Analysis

Humans can monitor actions and compensate for errors. Analysis of the human event-related brain potentials (ERPs) accompanying errors provides evidence for a neural process whose activity is specifically associated with monitoring and compensating for erroneous behavior. This error-related activity is enhanced when subjects strive for accurate performance but is diminished when response speed is emphasized at the expense of accuracy. The activity is also related to attempts to compensate for the erroneous behavior.

Realization of cubic ZnMgO photodetectors for UVB applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ming Fan ◽  
Ke-Wei Liu ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Zhen-Zhong Zhang ◽  
Bing-Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Current ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
High Responsivity

Cubic ZnMgO UVB photodetectors with low dark current, high responsivity and fast response speed are very promising for practical applications.

Improving Speed and Accuracy of Word Recognition in Reading Disabled Children: An Evaluation of Two Computer Program Variations

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Cohen ◽  
Joseph K. Torgesen ◽  
Jeffrey L. Torgesen
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Reading Vocabulary ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Speed And Accuracy ◽  
Reading Disabled

The present study investigated the relative effectiveness of two versions of a computer program designed to increase the sight-word reading vocabulary of reading disabled children. One version required children to type words into the computer as part of the practice activity; in the other no typing was involved. Subjects were nine reading disabled students, average age 10 years, 7 months. A repeated-measures design was used to expose all subjects three times to two treatment conditions and a no-practice control condition. Accuracy and speed of reading, as well as spelling accuracy for multisyllable words were measured in pre- and posttests. Both versions of the program proved to be equally effective in improving speed and accuracy of reading words, but the typing version was more effective in increasing spelling accuracy. However, students enjoyed the no-typing version better, and they were able to attain mastery levels for new words on this version faster than on the typing version. Implications of these results for reading software design are considered.

Manipulating Face Gender

1998 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 219-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Deffenbacher ◽  
Cheryl Hendrickson ◽  
Alice J. O'Toole ◽  
David P. Huff ◽  
Hervé Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Face Image ◽  
Gender Classification ◽  
Statistical Features ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Recognition Experiment ◽  
Accuracy Data ◽  
Speed And Accuracy ◽  
Weighted Combination

Previous research has shown that faces coded as pixel-based images may be constructed from an appropriately weighted combination of statistical "features" (eigenvectors) which are useful for discriminating members of a learned set of images. We have shown previously that two of the most heavily weighted features are important in predicting face gender. Using a simple computational model, we adjusted weightings of these features in more masculine and more feminine directions for both male and female adult Caucasian faces. In Experiment 1, cross-gender face image alterations (e.g., feminizing male faces) reduced both gender classification speed and accuracy for young adult Caucasian observers, whereas same-gender alterations (e.g., masculinizing male faces) had no effect as compared to unaltered controls. Effects on femininity-masculinity ratings mirrored those obtained on gender classification speed and accuracy. We controlled statistically for possible effects of image distortion incurred by our gender manipulations. In Experiment 2 we replicated the same pattern of accuracy data. Combined, these data indicate the psychological relevance of the features derived from the computational model. Despite having different effects on the ease of gender classification, neither sort of gender alteration negatively impacted face recognition (Experiment 3), yielding evidence for a model of face recognition wherein gender and familiarity processing proceed in parallel.

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