scholarly journals An efficient routing protocol for internet of medical things focusing hot spot node problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155014772199170
Author(s):  
Ghufran Ahmed ◽  
Danish Mehmood ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Rauf Ahmed Shams Malick
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Monitoring Performance ◽  
Node Problem ◽  
Day By Day

The healthcare budget is increasing day-by-day as the population of the world increases. The same is the case regarding the workload of health care workers, that is, doctors and other practitioners. Under such a scenario where workload and cost are increasing drastically, there is a dire need of integrating recent technological enhancements with the said domain. Since the last decade, a lot of work is in the process considering the said integration bringing revolutionary changes. For remote monitoring, existing systems use different types of Internet of things devices that measure different health parameters. One of the major problems in such a system is to find an optimum routing approach that can resolve energy and thermal issues that are taking the limelight in the research arena. In this article, a dynamic routing technique is proposed which is keen to connect multiple in vivo/ex vivo Internet of things devices and a sink (focusing thermal and energy problem) and then forwarding data from sink to remote location for monitoring. Performance parameters are kept energy efficiency and thermal awareness and analytical results show that the proposed protocol supersedes existing approaches in said metrics.

scholarly journals A syntenin-deficient microenvironment educates AML for aggressiveness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Leblanc ◽  
Joanna Fares ◽  
Armelle Goubard ◽  
Remy Castellano ◽  
Luc Camoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Stromal Microenvironment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pdz Protein

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the stromal microenvironment plays a prominent role in promoting tumor cell survival and progression. Although widely explored, the crosstalk between leukemic and stromal cells remains poorly understood. Syntenin, a multi-domain PDZ protein, controls both the trafficking and signaling of key molecules involved in intercellular communication. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the role of environmental syntenin in the progression of AML. By in vivo approaches in syngeneic mice, we demonstrate that a syntenin-deficient environment reprograms AML blasts to survive independently of the stroma. Up-regulation of EEF1A2 in the blasts controls this gain of cell survival. Furthermore, using ex vivo co-culture systems, we show that syntenin-deficient bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) enhance the survival of different types of AML cells, including patient samples, and suffice to educate syngeneic AML, recapitulating micro-environmental effects observed in vivo. We establish that syntenin-deficiency causes an increase of eIF5A and autophagy-related factors in BMSC, and provide evidence that the inhibition of autophagy prevents syntenin-deficient BMSC to stimulate AML survival. Altogether, these findings indicate that host-syntenin in the BM microenvironment acts as a repressor of AML aggressiveness.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Efficacy of Chloroquine-Primaquine Therapy for Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Main Transmission Hot Spot of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Ladeia-Andrade ◽  
Maria José Menezes ◽  
Taís Nóbrega de Sousa ◽  
Ana Carolina R. Silvino ◽  
Jaques F. de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Radical Cure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

ABSTRACT Emerging Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine (CQ) may undermine malaria elimination efforts in South America. CQ-resistant P. vivax has been found in the major port city of Manaus but not in the main malaria hot spots across the Amazon Basin of Brazil, where CQ is routinely coadministered with primaquine (PQ) for radical cure of vivax malaria. Here we randomly assigned 204 uncomplicated vivax malaria patients from Juruá Valley, northwestern Brazil, to receive either sequential (arm 1) or concomitant (arm 2) CQ-PQ treatment. Because PQ may synergize the blood schizontocidal effect of CQ and mask low-level CQ resistance, we monitored CQ-only efficacy in arm 1 subjects, who had PQ administered only at the end of the 28-day follow-up. We found adequate clinical and parasitological responses in all subjects assigned to arm 2. However, 2.2% of arm 1 patients had microscopy-detected parasite recrudescences at day 28. When PCR-detected parasitemias at day 28 were considered, response rates decreased to 92.1% and 98.8% in arms 1 and 2, respectively. Therapeutic CQ levels were documented in 6 of 8 recurrences, consistent with true CQ resistance in vivo. In contrast, ex vivo assays provided no evidence of CQ resistance in 49 local P. vivax isolates analyzed. CQ-PQ coadministration was not found to potentiate the antirelapse efficacy of PQ over 180 days of surveillance; however, we suggest that larger studies are needed to examine whether and how CQ-PQ interactions, e.g., CQ-mediated inhibition of PQ metabolism, modulate radical cure efficacy in different P. vivax-infected populations. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02691910.)

scholarly journals Particulate Debris Released From Breast Implant Surfaces Are Highly Dependent on Implant Type

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadim James Hallab ◽  
Lauryn Samelko ◽  
Dennis Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Total Mass ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Particulate Debris

Abstract Background While Breast Implants (BIs) have never been safer, factors such as implant debris may influence complications such as chronic inflammation and illness such as ALCL. Do different types of BIs produce differential particulate debris? Objectives Our objective was to quantify, investigate and characterize the size, amount, and material-type of both loosely bound and adherent surface particles, using five different surface types of commercial BIs. Methods Surface particles from 5 surface types of BIs (n=5/group); Biocell, Microcell, Siltex, Smooth, SmoothSilk, and Traditional-Smooth were: 1) removed by a rinsing procedure and 2) removed using ultrapure-adhesive carbon-tabs. Particles were characterized (ASTM 1877-16) using Scanning-Electron-Microscopy and EDX-chemical analysis. Results Particles rinsed from Biocell, Microcell and Siltex were <1 micron in diameter while SmoothSilk and Traditional-Smooth surfaces had median sizes >1micron (range: 0.4-2.7microns). The total mass of particles rinsed from the surfaces indicated Biocell had >5 fold-more particulate compared to all other implants, and >30 fold-more than SmoothSilk or Traditional-Smooth implants (>100x more for post rinse adhesion analysis). EDX analysis indicated particulate material for Biocell, Microcell and Siltex was silicone (>50%), while particulate from SmoothSilk and Traditional-Smooth implants were predominantly carbon-based polymers, eg, polycarbonate-urethane, consistent with packaging (and were detected on all implant types). Generally, SmoothSilk and Traditional-Smooth implant groups had >10x fewer particles released than Biocell, Microcell and Siltex surfaces. Pilot ex-vivo tissue analysis supported these findings. Conclusions Particulate debris released from BIs are highly dependent on the type of implant surface and is a likely key determinant of in vivo performance.

scholarly journals Harnessing the Effect of Adoptively Transferred Tumor-Reactive T Cells on Endogenous (Host-Derived) Antitumor Immunity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Nesbeth ◽  
Jose R. Conejo-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Adoptive T Cell Transfer ◽  
Epithelial Cancers ◽  
Expansion Procedure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
T Cell Transfer ◽  
Subsequent Administration

Adoptive T cell transfer therapy, the ex vivo activation, expansion, and subsequent administration of tumor-reactive T cells, is already the most effective therapy against certain types of cancer. However, recent evidence in animal models and clinical trials suggests that host conditioning interventions tailored for some of the most aggressive and frequent epithelial cancers will be needed to maximize the benefit of this approach. Similarly, the subsets, stage of differentiation, andex vivoexpansion procedure of tumor-reactive T cells to be adoptively transferred influence theirin vivoeffectiveness and may need to be adapted for different types of cancer and host conditioning interventions. The effects of adoptively transferred tumor-reactive T cells on the mechanisms of endogenous (host-derived) antitumor immunity, and how to maximize their combined effects, are further discussed.

Tumor Cell Content and RNA Integrity of Surgical Tissues from Different Types of Tumors and Its Correlation with Ex Vivo and In Vivo Ischemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 3764-3770
Author(s):  
Xiao-Hui Zheng ◽  
Shao-Dan Zhang ◽  
Pei-Fen Zhang ◽  
Xi-Zhao Li ◽  
Ye-Zhu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Rna Integrity ◽  
Different Types

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

Antithrombotic Effects and Bleeding Time Prolongation with Synthetic Platelet GPIIb/llla Inhibitors in Animal Models of Platelet-Mediated Thrombosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (01) ◽  
pp. 095-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Désiré Collen ◽  
Hua Rong Lu ◽  
Jean-Marie Stassen ◽  
Ingrid Vreys ◽  
Tsunehiro Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Thrombotic Occlusion ◽  
Antithrombotic Effects

SummaryCyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) containing synthetic peptides such as L-cysteine, N-(mercaptoacetyl)-D-tyrosyl-L-arginylglycyl-L-a-aspartyl-cyclic (1→5)-sulfide, 5-oxide (G4120) and acetyl-L-cysteinyl-L-asparaginyl-L-prolyl-L-arginyl-glycyl-L-α-aspartyl-[0-methyltyrosyl]-L-arginyl-L-cysteinamide, cyclic 1→9-sulfide (TP9201) bind with high affinity to the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor.The relationship between antithrombotic effect, ex vivo platelet aggregation and bleeding time prolongation with both agents was studied in hamsters with a standardized femoral vein endothelial cell injury predisposing to platelet-rich mural thrombosis, and in dogs with a carotid arterial eversion graft inserted in the femoral artery. Intravenous administration of G4120 in hamsters inhibited in vivo thrombus formation with a 50% inhibitory bolus dose (ID50) of approximately 20 μg/kg, ex vivo ADP-induccd platelet aggregation with ID50 of 10 μg/kg, and bolus injection of 1 mg/kg prolonged the bleeding time from 38 ± 9 to 1,100 ± 330 s. Administration of TP9201 in hamsters inhibited in vivo thrombus formation with ID50 of 30 μg/kg, ex vivo platelet aggregation with an ID50 of 50 μg/kg and bolus injection of 1 mg/kg did not prolong the template bleeding time. In the dog eversion graft model, infusion of 100 μg/kg of G4120 over 60 min did not fully inhibit platelet-mediated thrombotic occlusion but was associated with inhibition of ADP-induccd ex vivo platelet aggregation and with prolongation of the template bleeding time from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 12 ± 2 min. Infusion of 300 μg/kg of TP9201 over 60 min completely prevented thrombotic occlusion, inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation, but was not associated with prolongation of the template bleeding time.TP9201, unlike G4120, inhibits in vivo platelet-mediated thrombus formation without associated prolongation of the template bleeding time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document