Risk and Protective Factors for Three Major Mental Health Problems Among Latino American Men Nationwide

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Ai ◽  
Cara Pappas ◽  
Elena Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Latino American

The present study investigated psychosocial predictors for major depressive disorder (MDD), general anxiety disorder (GAD), and suicidal ideation (SI) of Latino American men identified in the first national mental health epidemiological survey of Latinos. Three separate sets of logistic regression analyses were performed for 1,127 Latinos, following preplanned two steps (Model 1—Known Demographic and Acculturation Predictors as controls, Model 2—Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors). Results show that Negative Interactions with family members significantly predicted the likelihood of both MDD and SI, while SI was also associated with Discrimination. Acculturation Stress was associated with that of GAD (alongside more Income, Education of 12 years, and Years in the United States for less than 11 years). Other potential protective factors (social support, racial/ethnic identity, religious involvement) were not influential. The differential predictors for mental health issues among Latino men imply that assessment and intervention for them may need certain gender-specific foci in order to improve mental health disparities in this population.

scholarly journals A systematic review of risk and protective factors of mental health in unaccompanied minor refugees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Höhne ◽  
Anna Swantje van der Meer ◽  
Inge Kamp-Becker ◽  
Hanna Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unaccompanied Minor Refugees ◽  
Minor Refugees

Abstract In recent years, there has been a rising interest in the mental health of unaccompanied minor refugees (UMR), who are a high-risk group for mental disorders. Especially the investigation of predictive factors of the mental health of young refugees has received increasing attention. However, there has been no review on this current issue for the specific group of UMR so far. We aimed to summarize and evaluate the existing findings of specific risk and protective factors to identify the most verified influences on the mental health of UMR. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature search. Study designs were limited to quantitative cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Eight databases were searched in four different languages and article reference lists of relevant papers were screened. 27 studies were included (N = 4753). Qualitative synthesis revealed the number of stressful life events to be the most evaluated and verified risk factor for mental health of UMR. A stable environment and social support, on the other hand, can protect UMR from developing poor mental health. Besides that, several other influencing factors could be pointed out, such as type of accommodation, family contact, gender and cultural competences. Because of the large heterogeneity of outcome measures, quantitative synthesis was not possible. This review helps to improve our understanding of determinants of UMRs mental health and thus to provide more targeted treatment. Furthermore, it provides information on how to prevent the development of mental health problems by specifying factors that can be modified by different health and immigration sectors in advance. Further research is needed focusing on the interaction between the various predictive factors.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression during COVID-19 in Elite Rugby Players: The Role of Mindfulness Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11940
Author(s):  
Kearnan Myall ◽  
Jesus Montero-Marin ◽  
Willem Kuyken
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Athletic Identity ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Return To Competition

The COVID-19 pandemic created stressors that raised the likelihood of elite athletes experiencing mental health problems. Understanding how individual traits promote resilience is key to offering treatments specific to this population. This prospective study explores the relationship between mindfulness skills, resilience, and athletic identity on anxiety and depression. The initial assessment was during the first UK lockdown April–May 2020 (T1), and the second during the return to competition July-August 2020 (T2). The sample was 160 elite rugby players. Measures included: Personal Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, Cognitive Affective Mindfulness Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Athletic Identity Measurement. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was profiled with descriptive statistics, and relationships between variables with bi-variate correlations and forward stepwise regression modelling. Depression decreased significantly between lock down (T1) and return to competition (T2) (MT1 = 4.20, MT2 = 3.24, p < 0.01), with no significant change in anxiety. Significant correlations were found between mindfulness, resilience, and anxiety and depression (≤0.001). Regression showed that mindfulness (T1) predicted lower anxiety and depression during the return to competition (T2) after controlling for baseline mental health symptoms. Returning to competition after lockdown was associated with a reduction in depression but not anxiety. Mindfulness skills potentially confer protection against anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals How Student’s Mental Health Affected During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Satria Eureka Nurseskasatmata ◽  
Idola Perdana Sulistyoning Suharto ◽  
Eva Dwi Ramayanti ◽  
Endang Mei Yunalia
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
World Journal ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
As Stress

As the world continues to battle the day to day issues of the coronavirus pandemic, one aspect is the increasing problem of mental health for students. As schools have closed down and had suddenly transitioned to online classes. The model is currently the best alternative as keeping schools open poses a safety risk for students. Students with pre-existing mental health problems such as stress disorder, general anxiety disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, depression, or loneliness have become more vulnerable due to lockdown policies and showed itself in different ways. Lockdowns, travel restrictions, school closings and social/physical distancing have created a level of social isolation previously unseen across the globe. This upend, for many, can have profound consequences on one’s mental health. This paper aims to investigate the mental health status of student due to the policy response to Covid-19 Pandemic. The database searches used include Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, frontiersin, World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research. Keywords used in the search of the article was student, covid-19, mental health, epidemic, college by getting 19 articles and only 9 articles that were used through goal analysis, topic suitability , research methods used, sample size, the results of each article, and limitations that occur. This study found that mental health of college students is significantly affected when faced with a public health emergency. Student are likely to be experiencing stress, anxiety and depression. They need attention, help, and support from the community, family, and tertiary institutions. Therefore, the nurse need to consider planning for acute and long-term subsequent psychological interventions should focus on strengthening psychological counseling and emotional comfort for students through the involvement of counselors, psychologists. It is suggested that the mental health of college students should be monitored during epidemics.

Mental health problems in the Gomel region (Belarus): an analysis of risk factors in an area affected by the Chernobyl disaster

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Havenaar ◽  
W. Van Den Brink ◽  
J. Van Den Bout ◽  
A. P. Kasyanenko ◽  
N. W. Poelijoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

SynopsisThe epidemiology of mental problems in the Gomel region in the republic of Belarus was studied in a two-stage survey of a broad based population sample (N = 1617), using the General Health Questionnaire (12-item version) and the Munich Diagnostic Checklist for DSM-III-R. The Gomel region is one of the areas that was most severely affected by the Chernobyl nuclear diaster in 1986. In the studied population sample 64·8% had a GHQ-score above the threshold of 2. A DSM-III-R psychiatric disorder was present in 35·8%, with especially high rates for affective (16·5%) and anxiety disorders (12·6%). Dysthymia, general anxiety disorder, adjustment disorders and ‘not otherwise specified syndromes’ made up almost two-thirds of the observed morbidity (22·9%). A higher prevalence of mental health problems, both in terms of the GHQ and the DSM-III-R was observed among people who have been evacuated and in mothers with children under 18 years of age. These data indicate that the Chernobyl nuclear disaster may be partly responsible for the high prevalence of (milder) psychiatric disorders and psychological distress in the Gomel region, even 6 years after the event. Future studies comparing the data from Gomel region with an unexposed area will have to provide a more definite answer concerning the impact of this nuclear disaster on mental health.

scholarly journals Risk and Protective Factors for the Mental Health of Brazilian Healthcare Workers in the Frontline of COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia L. Osório ◽  
Isabella Lara Machado Silveira ◽  
Karina Pereira-Lima ◽  
José Alexandre de Souza Crippa ◽  
Jaime Eduardo Cecílio Hallak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
High Rate

The objective was to compare the mental health indicators of health workers providing care to individuals with COVID-19 in Brazil, considering sociodemographic and occupational variables and the risk perception of contamination by the Sars-CoV-2 of workers from different professions, identifying risk and protective factors. A sample of 916 health workers was assessed: physicians, nursing workers, and workers from other professions (psychologists, physical therapists, nutritionists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, dentists, pharmacists, and social workers). REDCAP software was used to collect data online, using standardized instruments to assess anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress, and insomnia, and one questionnaire addressed risk and protective variables. Statistical techniques for comparing groups were used along with logistic regression analysis. The results revealed that all the groups presented indicators of significant mental health problems (&gt;36%), especially the nursing group. A larger percentage of participants, regardless of the profession, presented a high rate of insomnia disorders, while posttraumatic stress was the least expressive. Occupational variables stand out as risk factors for mental health, with specificities among the different groups. A protective factor for all the groups was having positive professional prospects. The protective factors for the physicians group included support provided by co-workers, being older and a man, while being satisfied with physical protective measures implemented by the employing institution was a protective factor for the groups composed of nursing workers and other professionals. These findings are relevant for devising mental health care strategies.

scholarly journals A Follow-Up Investigation of Mental Health Among Discharged COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Michael Shengtao Wu ◽  
Junxiu Tao ◽  
Weijun Wang ◽  
Jing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Objective: To understand the mental health status and its risk factors among discharged COVID-19 patients during the first month of centralized quarantine and the subsequent home isolation.Methods: The scales of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to measure the symptoms of insomnia, anxiety, and depression in 782 COVID-19 patients during the first month of centralized quarantine (March 16 to 26, 2020) and then during home isolation (April 3 to 10, 2020).Results: During the centralized quarantine, the prevalence rates of insomnia, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were 44.37, 31.59, and 27.62%, respectively, and those during the home isolation decreased significantly at 27.11, 17.26, and 16.11%, respectively. In both waves, women showed a higher prevalence of symptoms of poor mental health compared to men, and middle-aged (40–59 years old) and elderly (≥60 years old) showed a higher risk of symptoms of poor mental health compared to the younger. In addition, the severity of COVID-19 revealed no significant relationship to symptoms of poor mental health, whereas, the interaction analysis revealed that those with other underlying diseases showed more symptoms of poor mental health during the centralized quarantine and a greater decrease during the follow-up home isolation.Conclusion: The discharged COVID-19 patients suffered from mental health problems such as, insomnia, depression, and anxiety, and this was especially so for women, the middle-aged and elderly, and those with underlying diseases, but along with the rehabilitation and the environmental change from centralized quarantine to home isolation, all the mental symptoms were significantly alleviated. Based on a follow-up investigation, the current results provide critical evidence for mental health and early rehabilitation upon the discharged COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, exposure risk and mental health among a cohort of essential retail workers in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan-Yun Lan ◽  
Christian Suharlim ◽  
Stefanos N. Kales ◽  
Justin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Health State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Retail Workers

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo investigate SARS-CoV-2 (the virus causing COVID-19) infection and exposure risks among grocery retail workers, and to investigate their mental health state during the pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020 in a single grocery retail store in Massachusetts, USA. We assessed workers’ personal/occupational history and perception of COVID-19 by questionnaire. The health outcomes were measured by nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7) and PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9).ResultsAmong 104 workers tested, twenty-one (20%) had positive viral assays. Seventy-six percent positive cases were asymptomatic. After multi-variate adjustments, employees with direct customer exposure had an odds of 4.7 (95% CI 1.2 to 32.0) being tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, while smokers had an odds of 0.1 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.8) having positive assay. As to mental health, the prevalence of anxiety and depression (i.e. GAD-7 score > 4 or PHQ-9 score >4) was 24% and 8%, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, those able to practice social distancing consistently at work had odds of 0.2 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.7) and 0.1 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.6) screening positive for anxiety and depression, respectively.ConclusionsWe found a considerable asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among grocery workers. Employees with direct costumer exposure were 5 times more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2, while cigarette smokers were 90% less likely to have positive assays. Those able to practice social distancing consistently at work had significantly lower risk of anxiety or depression.

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