scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Intercrease Line and the A1 Digital Pulley: A Cadaveric Study

Hand ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Colyn J. Watkins ◽  
Nikola Zivaljevic ◽  
Kyle R. Eberlin ◽  
Michael Rivlin ◽  
Chaitanya S. Mudgal
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
Cadaveric Study ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Transverse Line ◽  
Surface Anatomy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A1 Pulley

Background: Accurate identification of surface anatomy is critical to identify the location of the A1 pulley. The intercrease line (ICL) describes a transverse line between the radial edge of the proximal palmar crease and the ulnar edge of the distal palmar crease. We hypothesize that this easily identifiable surface landmark approximates the location of the A1 pulley. Methods: The ICL was marked on 7 cadaver hands. We marked a point proximal to the proximal digital crease (PDC) equal to the distance between each digit’s proximal interphalangeal crease (PIC) and PDC (the PIC/PDC point). We calculated the distance between PIC/PDC points and proximal edge of the A1 pulleys. Results: The ICL was proximal to A1 in all digits. The PIC/PDC point was distal to A1 in the ring finger, and proximal to A1 in the index, middle, and small fingers. The PIC/PDC point was closer to the A1 pulley than the ICL in the middle and ring fingers. Conclusions: Despite less accuracy than the PIC/PDC point at approximating the location of the A1 pulley, the ICL is reliably proximal to the A1 pulley.

Zone 2 Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendoscopy: A Cadaveric Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun Hing Lui ◽  
Kwok Bill Chan ◽  
Lap Ki Chan
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Cadaveric Study ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Posterior Tibial Nerve ◽  
Medial Plantar Nerve ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Anatomic Dissection ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The purpose of this study was to verify the safety and efficacy of zone 2 flexor hallucis longus tendoscopy with the patient in the prone position. Materials and Methods: The technique was performed in 12 cadaver feet (6 pairs). The endoscopic findings were compared to an anatomic dissection. The locations of the posteromedial and plantar portals were studied. The relationship between the medial plantar nerve and the tract of FHL tendoscopy was also studied. Result: The average distance of the posteromedial portal above the medial malleolar tip was 10.3 mm. The average distance between the posteromedial portal and the posterior tibial nerve was 9.9 mm. The average distance between the plantar portal and the intermalleolar line was 41.5 mm. The average distance between the rod simulating the tenoscope and the nerve was 4.8 mm. The nerve was medial to the rod in 4 specimens and lateral to the rod in 8 specimens. Conclusion: Zone 2 flexor hallucis longus tendoscopy was a feasible approach to the deep portion of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in this cadaveric study. There is potential risk of damage to the medial plantar nerve. Clinical Relevance: These findings can help guide a surgeon who is considering trying this clinically.

System Identification of a Rotor System With Hydrodynamic Bearing by Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) With an Optimum Doping Signal

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Shiau ◽  
C. H. Cheng ◽  
M. S. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
System Identification ◽  
Singular Value ◽  
Eigensystem Realization Algorithm ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Noise Effect ◽  
Hydrodynamic Bearing ◽  
Signal Simulation ◽  
Value Decomposition ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proposes a system identification methodology by using eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA) with doping an optimum signal such that the noise effect can be attenuated and more accurate identification results of y-direction dynamics of a hydrodynamic bearing can be obtained. The technique of optimum doping signal integrates the optimization process with singular value decomposition (SVD) technique to achieve nice removal of the noise. Theoretical derivation is given to interpret the function of the optimum signal and explain the relationship between SVD and optimum signal. Simulation result shows that this proposed ERA with a novel optimum signal is more accurate as compared to the case without optimum signal.

scholarly journals Moving in on human motor cortex. Characterizing the relationship between body parts with non-rigid population Response Fields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Schellekens ◽  
Carlijn Bakker ◽  
Nick F. Ramsey ◽  
Natalia Petridou
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
Body Part ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Population Response ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Cortical Motor ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractFor cortical motor activity, the relationships between different body part representations is unknown. Through reciprocal body part relationships, functionality of cortical motor areas with respect to whole body motor control can be characterized. In the current study, we investigate the relationship between body part representations within individual neuronal populations in motor cortices, following a 7 Tesla fMRI 18-body-part motor experiment in combination with our newly developed non-rigid population Response Field (pRF) model and graph theory. The non-rigid pRF metrics reveal somatotopic structures in all included motor cortices covering frontal, parietal, medial and insular cortices and that neuronal populations in primary sensorimotor cortex respond to fewer body parts than secondary motor cortices. Reciprocal body part relationships are estimated in terms of uniqueness, clique-formation, and importance. We report unique response profiles for the knee, a clique of body parts surrounding the ring finger, and a central role for the shoulder and wrist. These results reveal associations among body parts from the perspective of the central nervous system, while being in agreement with intuitive notions of body part usage.

scholarly journals RNF180 mediates STAT3 activity by regulating the expression of RhoC via the proteasomal pathway in gastric cancer cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zizhen Wu ◽  
Huifang Liu ◽  
Weilin Sun ◽  
Yingxin Du ◽  
Wenting He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Stat3 Phosphorylation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Ring finger protein 180 (RNF180) is an important member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase family. As a tumor suppressor gene, RNF180 is significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) and can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is considered one of the most common oncogenes in human cancers with a key role in GC progression. In this study, we explored the relationship between RNF180 and STAT3 in GC cells. Methods The RNF180 gene was significantly overexpressed to observe its regulatory activity on STAT3 and pSTAT3 in GC cells. We then explored the molecular signaling pathways by which RNF180 could potentially regulate STAT3 through transcriptomics and proteomics experiments. Results RNF180 overexpression could suppress STAT3 phosphorylation in GC cells. Ubiquitin label-free experiments showed that the ubiquitination level of Ras homolog gene family member C (RhoC) is significantly increased in GC cells transfected with an RNF180 expression vector (RNF180-GFP vector) compared with cells transfected with an empty vector (vehicle vector). We subsequently demonstrated that RNF180 could directly combine with RhoC and promote the ubiquitination and degradation of RhoC protein in GC cells. The phosphorylation level of STAT3 significantly decreased in GC cells after RhoC knockdown using small hairpin RNA(shRNA). Conclusions RNF180 could inhibit GC progression by reducing the phosphorylation of STAT3 via the ubiquitination and degradation of RhoC protein in GC cells. Thus, the protein may be considered a novel therapeutic target for patients with GC.

scholarly journals miR-23a is decreased during muscle atrophy by a mechanism that includes calcineurin signaling and exosome-mediated export

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (6) ◽  
pp. C551-C558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Hudson ◽  
Myra E. Woodworth-Hobbs ◽  
Bin Zheng ◽  
Jill A. Rahnert ◽  
Mitsi A. Blount ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Deficient Mice

Skeletal muscle atrophy is prevalent in chronic diseases, and microRNAs (miRs) may play a key role in the wasting process. miR-23a was previously shown to inhibit the expression of atrogin-1 and muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) in muscle. It also was reported to be regulated by cytoplasmic nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 (NFATc3) in cardiomyocytes. The objective of this study was to determine if miR-23a is regulated during muscle atrophy and to evaluate the relationship between calcineurin (Cn)/NFAT signaling and miR-23a expression in skeletal muscle cells during atrophy. miR-23a was decreased in the gastrocnemius of rats with acute streptozotocin-induced diabetes, a condition known to increase atrogin-1 and MuRF1 expression and cause atrophy. Treatment of C2C12 myotubes with dexamethasone (Dex) for 48 h also reduced miR-23a as well as RCAN1.4 mRNA, which is transcriptionally regulated by NFAT. NFATc3 nuclear localization and the amount of miR-23a decreased rapidly within 1 h of Dex administration, suggesting a link between Cn signaling and miR-23a. The level of miR-23a was lower in primary myotubes from mice lacking the α- or β-isoform of the CnA catalytic subunit than wild-type mice. Dex did not further suppress miR-23a in myotubes from Cn-deficient mice. Overexpression of CnAβ in C2C12 myotubes prevented Dex-induced suppression of miR-23a. Finally, miR-23a was present in exosomes isolated from the media of C2C12 myotubes, and Dex increased its exosomal abundance. Dex did not alter the number of exosomes released into the media. We conclude that atrophy-inducing conditions downregulate miR-23a in muscle by mechanisms involving attenuated Cn/NFAT signaling and selective packaging into exosomes.

Using Multiple Measures to Document Change in English Vowels Produced by Japanese, Korean, and Spanish Speakers: The Case for Goodness and Intelligibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber D. Franklin ◽  
Carol Stoel-Gammon
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Vowel Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
English Vowels ◽  
Measuring Change ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study examined the effectiveness of using goodness ratings and intelligibility scores to document changes in vowel production following pronunciation training. The relationship between listener perceptions of goodness and intelligibility was also examined. Method Fifteen English language learner speakers (5 Japanese, 5 Korean, and 5 Spanish) participated in 16 sessions of vowel-focused pronunciation training. Pre- and posttraining judgments of 10 English vowels in /hVt/ context were conducted by 25 monolingual English speakers who served as listeners. Listeners judged vowel intelligibility using a 10-alternative forced-choice task and rated goodness using a 5-point Likert scale. Results Goodness ratings and intelligibility scores captured improvement in the accuracy of several vowels following training. However, some vowels that received better mean intelligibility scores received poorer mean goodness ratings following training. The relationship between goodness ratings and intelligibility scores revealed that vowels such as /æ/ and /ʌ/ were more dependent on goodness for intelligibility than vowels such as /i/ and /e/, which were highly intelligible even when they received poor goodness ratings. Conclusion English vowels differ with respect to the importance of goodness for accurate identification by listeners. As such, clinicians should examine both goodness and intelligibility when measuring change following pronunciation training.

scholarly journals Identification and Differentiation of Polygonum multiflorum Radix and Polygoni multiflori Radix Preaparata through the Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents by the Single-Marker Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding-Qiang Luo ◽  
Pu Jia ◽  
Shan-Shan Zhao ◽  
Ye Zhao ◽  
Hai-Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Control Substance ◽  
Chromatographic Columns ◽  
External Standard ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
The Relationship

The quantitative analysis of multicomponents by the single-marker (QAMS) method was established and the relationship between F value (the ratio of the sum of the contents of emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside to the sum of the contents of emodin and physcion) and the steaming time was found to identify and differentiate Polygonum multiflorum Radix and its processed product. Emodin was considered as the control substance, and the correction factors of physcion, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were computed. In addition, the contents of the four components were determined. When the F value is greater than or equal to 1.0, the sample was identified as Polygonum multiflorum Radix, and if the F value was between 0.6 and 1.0, the sample of Polygoni multiflori Radix Preaparata was processed incompletely. The F value of the qualified Radix Polygonum multiflorum should be no more than 0.6. However, the influence of different sample injection volumes and the chromatographic columns and instruments used on the durability of the correction factors and RSD ≤3% hindered accurate identification; therefore, a QAMS method using an external standard value with methodological verification was developed. We redefined the “Polygonum multiflorum rules.” The method using “Polygonum multiflorum rules” revised after optimization of the determination results was used, as it was accurate and led to convenient operation and low inspection costs, and moreover, the method could differentiate Polygoni multiflori Radix Preaparata and Polygonum multiflorum Radix medicinal samples and precisely identify samples that were different from the completely processed product Polygoni multiflori Radix Preaparata.

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