scholarly journals Reducing car audio button noise while maintaining tactile quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 168781401775259
Author(s):  
Hyo-Chan Kwon ◽  
Chang-Hee Cho ◽  
Cheong-Wu Nam ◽  
Soo-Won Chae ◽  
Seong-Yun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Cabin Noise ◽  
Prototype Test ◽  
Subsequent Response ◽  
Car Audio ◽  
Improved Design

Recently, interior noise levels of passenger cars have been significantly reduced. The reduction of major cabin noise led to the recognition of small noises that are previously unnoticed. Specifically, the button noises of electrical devices in passenger compartments have been identified as belonging to this category of noise. The aim of this study is to improve the auditory quality of a car audio button while maintaining its tactile quality that is familiar to users. The tactile and auditory qualities can be described by the load versus stroke characteristics and the operation noise level. For buttons with rubber domes, the buckling behavior of the domes governs the tactile and auditory qualities. To preserve the tactile quality, the sensitivity of load versus stroke characteristics to each of the eight identified parameters is obtained from the finite element analyses using model parameters varied by ±10%. Four parameters to which the tactile quality was insensitive are selected. To identify the contributions of these four design parameters to auditory quality, finite element analyses were performed in conjunction with design of experiments. The improved design obtained by the subsequent response surface methodology optimization was validated by a prototype test with a 12 dBA reduction in noise.

Finite Element Based Analysis of Reinforcing Cords in Rolling Tires: Influence of Mechanical and Thermal Cord Properties on Tire Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Behnke ◽  
Michael Kaliske
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Steady State Rolling

ABSTRACT Tires of passenger cars and other special tires are made of rubber compounds and reinforcing cords of different type to form a composite with distinct mechanical and thermal properties. One of the major load cases is the steady state rolling operation during the tire's service. In this contribution, attention is paid to the strain and force state as well as the temperature distribution in the carcass cord layer of a steady state rolling tire. A simple benchmark tire geometry is considered, which is made of one rubber compound, one carcass cord layer (textile), and two belt cord layers (steel). From the given geometry, two tire designs are derived by using two distinct types of reinforcing cords (polyester and rayon) for the carcass cord layer. Subsequently, the two tire designs are subjected to three load cases with different inner pressure, vertical force, and translational velocity. The strain and the force state as well as the temperature distribution in the cords are computed via a thermomechanically coupled finite element simulation approach for each tire design and load case. To realistically capture the thermomechanical behavior of the cords, a temperature- and deformation-dependent nonlinear elastic cord model is proposed. The cord model parameters can be directly derived from data of cord tensile tests at different temperatures. Finally, cord design parameters (minimum and maximum strains and forces in the cords, maximum strain and force range per cycle, and maximum cord temperature) are summarized and compared. Additionally, the global vertical stiffness and the rolling resistance for each tire design are addressed.

Structural Design Optimization of Side/Rear Impact Guards Using a Coupled Genetic Algorithm Finite Element Method

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Shin Liu ◽  
Nan-Chun Lin ◽  
Chao-Chin Huang ◽  
Yin-Lee Meng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Rear Impact ◽  
Structural Design Optimization ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Underride protective structure can reduce serious injures when passenger cars collide with the rear end or side of the heavy vehicle. This paper describes the use of Genetic Algorithm (GA) coupled with a dynamic, inelastic and large deformation finite element (FE) code LS-DYNA to search optimal design of the Side/Rear impact guards. In order to verify the accuracy of the FE model, the simulation results were compared with real experiments follow with the regulation ECE R73. The validated FE model then used to study the optimal design base on under running distance and total amount of energy absorbing capacity. The results from this study shown that this newly developed method not only can found multi-objective design parameters but also can reduce computational time significantly.

Probabilistic Finite-Element Analyses on Turbine Blades

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Weiss ◽  
Matthias Voigt ◽  
Hartmut Schlums ◽  
Roland Mu¨cke ◽  
Karl-Helmut Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
System Level ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Operation Conditions

Further progress in the development of modern gas turbines for aircraft engines and electric power stations requires both continuous optimization on component and system level as well as the use of new and innovative technology. Thereby, the design is often pushed closer to the physical limits, which demands an outstanding understanding and predictability of the structural behavior under different design and off-design conditions. Due to the considerable costs of real component testing, the knowledge on structural behavior and failure mechanisms of gas turbine components is often gained from validated numerical models. To obtain a realistic computational image of reality, the uncertainties inherent in the design, the material properties, the loading and the operation conditions have to be considered in the modeling process. The effect of variations in key input design parameters on critical results such as the predicted component life can be evaluated on the basis of probabilistic analyses. The paper addresses first general aspects of applying probabilistic Finite-Element analyses in the turbine blade design process. Then, probabilistic design methods are applied to investigate the lifetime of a single crystal (SX) turbine blade submodel. Thereby, variations in three SX orientations as well as different load positions and variations in the creep properties are investigated by Monte-Carlo-Simulation (MCS) techniques.

Actuation Enhancement of PZT Thin-Film Membrane Actuators via Stress Relief Grooves

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chun Lee ◽  
G. Z. Cao ◽  
I. Y. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Pzt Film ◽  
Pzt Thin Film

Lead Zirconate Titanate Oxide (PbZrxTi1−xO3 or PZT) is a piezoelectric material widely used as sensors and actuators. For microactuators, PZT often appears in the form of thin films to maintain proper aspect ratios. A common design is PZT membrane microactuator, whose actuation portion takes a form of a thin diaphragm driven by a PZT thin film. To maximize actuation displacements, finite element analyses are conducted to identify critical design parameters of the PZT film. In the simulation, a constant driving electric field is maintained and boundary conditions of the PZT film are varied. The finite element analyses lead to two important results. First, the actuator displacement increases as the PZT film thickness increases, but saturates at a critical PZT film thickness. Second, when stress relief grooves are introduced and the PZT film surrounding the membrane area is removed, the actuator displacement increases substantially by at least a factor of 5.

The Effect of Conformity and Plastic Thickness on Contact Stresses in Metal-Backed Plastic Implants

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Bartel ◽  
A. H. Burstein ◽  
M. D. Toda ◽  
D. L. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Contact Stresses ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Elasticity Solution ◽  
Metal Backing ◽  
Contact Surfaces

Surface damage in polyethylene components for total joint replacement is associated with large contact stresses. An elasticity solution and finite element analyses were used to determine the influence of design parameters on the stresses due to contact in metal-backed components. For nearly conforming contact surfaces, it was found that the stresses in the plastic are very sensitive to clearance, that minimum plastic thickness of 4–6 mm should be maintained for metal-backed components, and that bonding the plastic to the metal backing reduces tensile stresses in the plastic at the edge of the contact zone.

Understanding Tire Dynamic Characteristics for Vehicle Dynamics Ride Using Simulation Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-206
Author(s):  
Yaswanth Siramdasu ◽  
Kejing Li ◽  
Robert Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Parameter Variations ◽  
Tire Dynamics ◽  
Three Degree Of Freedom

ABSTRACT The dynamic characteristics of a tire are studied by simulating its rolling over a cleat and observing the effect on in-plane rigid belt vibration modes. Three modeling approaches are used to understand various tire design parameters affecting the tire dynamics relevant for vehicle ride performance. First, a simplified three-degree-of-freedom rigid ring model is used for fundamental understanding of these modes. Next, a detailed finite element model accounting for component compliances is used for studying the sensitivity of the modes to most common design parameter variations employed in tire development. Finally, to study these tire design changes in operation, vehicle simulations using CarSim and FTire models are performed. FTire model parameters corresponding to tire design parameters are adjusted accordingly. Observations are reported of the effects of tire design parameters on cleat responses and on correlation of results between finite element and FTire models.

Modeling of an Elastomeric Friction Damper

2009 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
C. G. Li ◽  
S. W. Wang ◽  
H. Y. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Friction Damper ◽  
Principle Of Superposition ◽  
Closed Form Solutions ◽  
New Class ◽  
Force Equilibrium

Abstract Frictional resistance of a hollow rubber cylinder steadily sliding inside a rigid sleeve has been studied theoretically and reported here. This is inspired by a new class of elastomeric friction damper consisting of an unbonded rubber cylinder, axially compressed and radially expanding to contact an outer rigid sleeve and generate friction. By considering the force equilibrium of each thin section of the rubber cylinder and adapting the principle of superposition, the tri-bological problem was decomposed into three fundamental sub-problems, which were solved consecutively. The results shed lights on the functional effects of various design parameters such as part dimensions, friction coefficient, and Young's modulus on the total friction force. Finite element analyses were also performed, and the results were compared with the closed-form solutions.

Representation of bolted joints in a structure using finite element modelling and model updating

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7141-7151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Omar ◽  
M. N. Abdul Rani ◽  
M. A. Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Model Updating ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Bolted Joint ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Joint Structure

Efficient and accurate finite element (FE) modelling of bolted joints is essential for increasing confidence in the investigation of structural vibrations. However, modelling of bolted joints for the investigation is often found to be very challenging. This paper proposes an appropriate FE representation of bolted joints for the prediction of the dynamic behaviour of a bolted joint structure. Two different FE models of the bolted joint structure with two different FE element connectors, which are CBEAM and CBUSH, representing the bolted joints are developed. Modal updating is used to correlate the two FE models with the experimental model. The dynamic behaviour of the two FE models is compared with experimental modal analysis to evaluate and determine the most appropriate FE model of the bolted joint structure. The comparison reveals that the CBUSH element connectors based FE model has a greater capability in representing the bolted joints with 86 percent accuracy and greater efficiency in updating the model parameters. The proposed modelling technique will be useful in the modelling of a complex structure with a large number of bolted joints.

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