scholarly journals The cultural construction of subject discipline knowledge: comparing ‘abstraction’ in two international contexts

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Pratt ◽  
Peter Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Mathematical Abstraction ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Discipline Knowledge ◽  
Classroom Level

This paper uses a comparative methodology to examine the teaching of abstraction in two mathematics lessons, in Denmark and England. In doing so it aims to extend previous work by the authors, examining the effect of local, cultural issues on the form of teaching in order to understand how these also affect the subject content too. The analysis draws on two theoretical frameworks: the work of Hazzan and Zazkis to make sense of mathematical abstraction; and of Bernstein to provide a framework for examining pedagogic discourses at classroom level. The work compares two lessons, one each in England and Denmark, drawing out the ways in which teachers’ situated activities help to construct different versions of the subject matter – mathematical abstraction in this case. We assert that as well as abstraction being a practice which is constructed socially, cultural practices also mean that this is done differentially for, and by, groups of pupils and their teachers in ways which are likely to exacerbate the former’s differences, not reduce them. Some implications of this insight are discussed at the close.

Career Development Theory: An Integrated Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Yates
Keyword(s):  
Career Choice ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Career Practice

Career theories are developed to help make sense of the complexity of career choice and development. The intricacy of the subject matter is such that career theories most often focus on one or two aspects of the phenomenon. As such, the challenges of integrating the theories with each other, and integrating them within career practice, are not insignificant. In this chapter, an overview of the theoretical landscape is offered that illustrates how the theories align with each other to build up a comprehensive picture of career choice and development. The chapter introduces a wide range of theoretical frameworks, spanning seven decades and numerous academic disciplines, and discusses the most well-known theorists alongside less familiar names. The chapter is structured around four concepts: identity, environment, career learning, and psychological career resources. Suggestions are offered for the incorporation of theories in career practice.

LANGUAGE BETWEEN THE WORLD AND THE MIND

METOD ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 243-268
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zabotkin
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind

The article strives to explain why semiology based on the structuralist approach to language was not widely recognized as a metascience. The author views as the key reason the fact that the subject matter of linguistics was understood to be linguistic structure as immanent reality. In order to support this argument, the author examines the theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, Louis Hjelmslev, and Emile Benveniste as not only linguistic, but also philosophical theories. The structuralist interpretation of Saussure’s theory views the structure of language as independent from the world and the human mind. The article demonstrates why it leads to the conclusion that the language sets the limits of one’s world and mind. The author shows why this conclusion generates internal contradictions in the theory and, paradoxically, casts doubt on the possibility of studying and explaining language. The article analyzes how Hjelmslev and Benveniste tried to provide theoretical solutions to these problems and why their attempts were not fully successful. It is argued that the key source of problems of this approach is the ontologization of language structure which makes explaining language possible only through deep structures that belong to the extralinguistic reality. The author shows how rejecting the ontological understanding of structure and including human subjectivity in the theory makes it possible to avoid the problems of structuralism. The article concludes with a brief overview of several theoretical frameworks which analyze language and its interconnections with the mind and extralinguistic reality without relying on the concept of structure.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of the Subject in Sociological and Psychological Studies of the Family and Parenthood in Changing Sociocultural Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
A.A. Golzitskaya ◽  
N.V. Kiselnikova ◽  
E.A. Kuminskaya ◽  
E.V. Lavrova ◽  
K.V. Karpinskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Studies

Objectives. To reveal how the subject in sociological and psychological studies of the family and parenthood change depending on sociocultural context. Background. According to social constructivism, all ideas are not determined by the biological foundations of human interaction, but are products of social and cultural construction. That is why the concepts of partnership and family relations in recent decades have been seriously revised. We can see the evolution of approaches in formulation of hypotheses and interpretation of results in studies of partnerships and family relations, attitudes toward parenthood, expected family size, etc. As we show in the article, currently prevailing social ideas about the conditional norm of gender behavior and relationships influence these formulations. Understanding this influence is very important for critical reflection of the relationship between social processes and the focus of research. This reflection acts as a tool to increase the validity of the results and their interpretation, especially in studies carried out in line with the qualitative and mixed methodology. Methodology. The paper includes a substantive (thematic) and quantitative analysis of the subject of sociological and psychological research, as well as a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the subject and sociocultural context in different periods of research. Conclusions. The article shows that objective social processes are reflected in the predominance of certain research topics and theoretical frameworks in interpretation of the obtained data. Reflection of the social context of research is a necessary procedure to increase the validity of the results and allows to create a basis for building prognostic models.

Words

PMLA ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1320-1327
Author(s):  
Colbert Searles
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
The Subject

THE germ of that which follows came into being many years ago in the days of my youth as a university instructor and assistant professor. It was generated by the then quite outspoken attitude of colleagues in the “exact sciences”; the sciences of which the subject-matter can be exactly weighed and measured and the force of its movements mathematically demonstrated. They assured us that the study of languages and literature had little or nothing scientific about it because: “It had no domain of concrete fact in which to work.” Ergo, the scientific spirit was theirs by a stroke of “efficacious grace” as it were. Ours was at best only a kind of “sufficient grace,” pleasant and even necessary to have, but which could, by no means ensure a reception among the elected.

The Taxonomic Structuring of Medical Information and its Usefulness in this Form

1965 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 112-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zinsser
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Central Core ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Programmed Instruction ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
The Subject

An outline has been presented in historical fashion of the steps devised to organize the central core of medical information allowing the subject matter, the patient, to define the nature and the progression of the diseases from which he suffers, with and without therapy; and approaches have been made to organize this information in such fashion as to align the definitions in orderly fashion to teach both diagnostic strategy and the content of the diseases by programmed instruction.

العربية المقاربة المقاصديّة في ردّ ابن فودي على القادح في جلستهم الدعويّة

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alawiye Abdulmumin Abdurrazzaq ◽  
Ahmad Wifaq Mokhtar ◽  
Abdul Manan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Subject

This article is aimed to examine the extent of the application of Islamic legal objectives by Sheikh Abdullah bn Fudi in his rejoinder against one of their contemporary scholars who accused them of being over-liberal about the religion. He claimed that there has been a careless intermingling of men and women in the preaching and counselling gathering they used to hold, under the leadership of Sheikh Uthman bn Fudi (the Islamic reformer of the nineteenth century in Nigeria and West Africa). Thus, in this study, the researchers seek to answer the following interrogations: who was Abdullah bn Fudi? who was their critic? what was the subject matter of the criticism? How did the rebutter get equipped with some guidelines of higher objectives of Sharĩʻah in his rejoinder to the critic? To this end, this study had tackled the questions afore-stated by using inductive, descriptive and analytical methods to identify the personalities involved, define and analyze some concepts and matters considered as the hub of the study.

HUBUNGAN PROFESIONALISME PENDIDIK TK DENGAN KINERJA PENDIDIK DI TK RAYON IV KOTA DUMAI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Ranirizal Ranirizal
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Teacher Professionalism ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
Kindergarten Educators ◽  
Academic Qualifications

Performance is the performance shown by educators, both in quality and quantity in carrying out their duties in accordance with the responsibilities given to them professionally. Educator performance development is a very decisive factor in the success of the education and learning process. In fact, in Kindergarten Rayon IV, Dumai City, there is still a low level of competency standards possessed by educators. The intended competency standard is from the standard academic qualifications and four competencies that must be possessed by a kindergarten educator, namely pedagogic, professional, social and personality competencies. This is evidenced by educators not yet mastering learning material with the maximum known when the learning process educators are not able to explain well the subject matter, and educators have not shown maximum performance in carrying out their duties and functions. The purpose of this study was to see whether there was an influence on teacher professionalism on teacher performance in Dumai IV Rayon Kindergarten. The results of the study prove that there is a significant relationship between the professionalism of Kindergarten educators and the performance of educators in Kindergarten Rayon IV, Dumai City. This is evidenced by the value of Sig (2-tailed) professionalism on educator's performance of 0,000, so the calculation shows 0,000 <0.05. This means that Ha is accepted, that is, there is a significant relationship between the professionalism of Kindergarten educators and the Performance of Educators in Kindergarten Rayon IV, Dumai City.

Justine Pila, The Subject Matter of Intellectual Property

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Patrick Masiyakurima
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Subject
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