scholarly journals The aesthetics of verticality: A gravitational contribution to aesthetic preference

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 2655-2664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gallagher ◽  
Elisa Raffaella Ferrè
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Perception Of Verticality ◽  
Gravitational Contribution ◽  
Gravitational Vertical

Verticality plays a fundamental role in the arts, portraying concepts such as power, grandeur, or even morality; however, it is unclear whether people have an aesthetic preference for vertical stimuli. The perception of verticality occurs by integrating vestibular-gravitational input with proprioceptive signals about body posture. Thus, these signals may influence the preference for verticality. Here, we show that people have a genuine aesthetic preference for stimuli aligned with the vertical, and this preference depends on the position of the body relative to the gravitational direction. Observers rated the attractiveness of lines that varied in inclination. Perfectly vertical lines were judged to be more attractive than those inclined clockwise or anticlockwise only when participants held an upright posture. Critically, this preference was not present when their body was tilted away from the gravitational vertical. Our results showed that gravitational signals make a contribution to the perception of attractiveness of environmental objects.

scholarly journals Fresh Water Aquatic Training in Patients with Upright Posture Maintaining Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Elena P. Ivanova ◽  
Andrey A. Lobanov ◽  
Sergey V. Andronov ◽  
Anatoliy D. Fesyun ◽  
Andrey P. Rachin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Body Angle ◽  
Aquatic Training

The use of the fresh water aquatic training course, as a more gentle training method, may allow patients to ensure effective restoration of muscle functions responsible for maintaining an upright body position. A more accurate control of the course results can be performed using a virtual analysis carried out using the «Habilect» system that allows to determine the body parts attitude. Aim. To study the effect of training in fresh water using the Habilect system based on the Microsoft Kinect infrared sensor (video stabilometry) on motor functions that contribute to maintaining an upright body posture in patients with mild gait disturbances. Material and methods. An open descriptive study was conducted including 12 patients (7 men, 5 women), aged 40 to 62 years, with upright posture maintaining disorders, which correspond to the functional diagnosis encoded by the ICF «Gait Stereotype Functions» B770.1 – mild violations (5–24%). A group of subjects (n = 12), in addition to basic therapy and training with an exercise therapy instructor, underwent aquatic training in fresh water for two weeks (30 minutes, 6 days a week). Assessment methods: the research was carried out using the Habilect gait video analysis system before and after the rehabilitation course. The χ2 test was used to assess the significance of differences between groups of qualitative variables. When analyzing quantitative variables, the Shapiro-Wilk’s (W) test was performed. For abnormal distribution, the data is in Me format [Q25-Q75]. The Wilcoxon T-test was used to assess the significance of differences in quantitative variables of the two studied groups. The processing of the obtained research results was carried out using the Statistica for Windows, v. 8.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, USA). The significance of the differences was considered established at p <0.05. Result and discussion. When examining the amplitude of body deflection along the X-axis before training, they were 3.25 cm [-98 cm; 93.9 cm], after – -9.96 cm [-100.92 cm; -81.96 cm], on the Y-axis before training – -29.01 cm [-29.01 cm; 13.76 cm], after –-30.59 cm [-30.59 cm; 31.09 cm], on the Z-axis before training – 388.1 cm [369.22 cm; 393.39 cm], after training – 380.96 cm [377.98cm, 400.05 cm], deviation of the body movement vector before training 16.45 cm [7.46 cm; 338.67 cm], after training – 324.7 cm [324.7 cm; 342.56 cm]. When examining the amplitude of head deflection along the X-axis before training, they were -0.92 cm [-1.24 cm; -0.92 cm], after – 1.5 cm [-10.19 cm; 2.38 cm], Y-axis before training – 125.33 cm [61.13 cm; 128.94 cm], after – 107.42 cm [52.49 cm; 107.42 cm], along the Z-axis before training – -8.59 cm [-8.97 cm; -5.33 cm], after training – -14.89 cm [-14.89 cm, -3.45cm]. When calculating the increase in deviation (deviations of the main body axes from the initial value) using the Wilcoxon T-test revealed statistically significant deviations in the X-axis (an increase of 306.5%, p = 0.0504), the Z-axis (an increase of 112.68%, p =0.0225) and the Body Angle parameter (an increase of 1973.86% p = 0.0323). When calculating the increase in the deviation of the head axes from the initial value using the Wilcoxon T-test, statistically significant deviations were revealed along the X axis (increase of 163.04%, p = 0.0280), the Y axis (increase of 85.71%, p = 0.0199) and the parameter Z (an increase of 173.34% p = 0.0292). The study revealed a decrease in the body axes deviations amplitude in all 3 planes, which indicates an improvement in the work of all brain parts that are responsible for the coordination of motor functions and their vegetative support, an improvement in functional interaction within individual muscle chains. The reduction in the head and neck muscles in compensatory balancing participation during walking and maintaining a vertical body posture mainly due to the muscles of the lower extremities and pelvis contributes to the prevention of arterial and venous circulation disorders in the head and neck and makes training not only more effective, but also safer. Conclusion. Due to the decrease in the amplitude of deviations along all three axes (Z, Y, X), the course of aquatic training contributes to the correction of upright posture maintaining disorders, a statistically significant decrease in the amplitude of head and neck movements.

Diaghilev and British Writing

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-92
Author(s):  
Susan Jones
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Responses ◽  
Literary Aesthetics ◽  
Ballets Russes ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Opening Up

This article explores the diversity of British literary responses to Diaghilev's project, emphasising the way in which the subject matter and methodologies of Diaghilev's modernism were sometimes unexpectedly echoed in expressions of contemporary British writing. These discussions emerge both in writing about Diaghilev's work, and, more discretely, when references to the Russian Ballet find their way into the creative writing of the period, serving to anchor the texts in a particular cultural milieu or to suggest contemporary aesthetic problems in the domain of literary aesthetics developing in the period. Figures from disparate fields, including literature, music and the visual arts, brought to their criticism of the Ballets Russes their individual perspectives on its aesthetics, helping to consolidate the sense of its importance in contributing to the inter-disciplinary flavour of modernism across the arts. In the field of literature, not only did British writers evaluate the Ballets Russes in terms of their own poetics, their relationship to experimentation in the novel and in drama, they developed an increasing sense of the company's place in dance history, its choreographic innovations offering material for wider discussions, opening up the potential for literary modernism's interest in impersonality and in the ‘unsayable’, discussions of the body, primitivism and gender.

scholarly journals Changes in Children’s Body Composition and Posture during Puberty Growth

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Rafał Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pelvic Obliquity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children’s body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6–16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = −0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = −0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to −0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

scholarly journals Analysis of Relationship between the Body Mass Composition and Physical Activity with Body Posture in Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Maciej Rachwał ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Body Mass Composition ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Excessive body mass in turn may contribute to the development of many health disorders including disorders of musculoskeletal system, which still develops intensively at that time.Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between children’s body mass composition and body posture. The relationship between physical activity level of children and the parameters characterizing their posture was also evaluated.Material and Methods. 120 school age children between 11 and 13 years were enrolled in the study, including 61 girls and 59 boys. Each study participant had the posture evaluated with the photogrammetric method using the projection moiré phenomenon. Moreover, body mass composition and the level of physical activity were evaluated.Results. Children with the lowest content of muscle tissue showed the highest difference in the height of the inferior angles of the scapulas in the coronal plane. Children with excessive body fat had less slope of the thoracic-lumbar spine, greater difference in the depth of the inferior angles of the scapula, and greater angle of the shoulder line. The individuals with higher level of physical activity have a smaller angle of body inclination.Conclusion. The content of muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and physical activity level determines the variability of the parameter characterizing the body posture.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY IN EDUCATING A CORRECT BODY POSTURE IN SCHOOL CHILDREN

GYMNASIUM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol XVII (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Mihaela Cristuță
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
School Children ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
External Stimuli

Posture expresses the way in which the body receives external stimuli and gets ready to react, constantly adapting to the demands, according to the difficulty and to the individual's motor skills. The aim of this study is to educate the correct body posture through specific physical therapy means. The hypotheses presume that: by performing a specific assessment, one can spot the bad postures that are frequently adopted by school children; through specific intervention programs, one can educate, correct, and form a correct posture reflex. The objectives were to: assess the school children in order to spot physical deficiencies; to educate a correct posture and to form a correct posture reflex. The research methods were established according to the objectives. In the end, it can be concluded that this research  regarding the education of posture in school children has contributed to the prevention of instalment of physical deficiencies and to their correction, and the intervention measures were effective in educating the correct body posture.

Emotion Gesture Art

Leonardo ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Eunjung Han ◽  
Chee-Onn Wong ◽  
Keechul Jung ◽  
Kyung Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
User Modeling ◽  
Affective Computing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Art Installation ◽  
Emotional Feeling ◽  
New Type ◽  
System Prototype

Emotion gesture art is a new type of user modeling and representation in a form of aesthetic art. It consists of a unique combination of color, sound and animation (shape) that in itself creates the same emotional feeling for spectators. Emotion gesture art takes the body posture expression and remaps the communication of emotions into an aesthetic representation. This paper also presents an emotion gesture art installation (eG-art), a system prototype for affective computing. This installation will allow a smart blend of a system for affective computing with aesthetic art representation.

Priming the Body: Breath as a Foundation for Exploring Ethical Performance Practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Leena Rouhiainen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Body Awareness ◽  
Teaching Experiment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Psychotherapy ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Critical Skills ◽  
Theatre Pedagogy ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Project

Abstract This article contemplates how the cultivation of breath through specific body awareness techniques might be understood to support a dialogical and ethical relatedness between collaborators constructing a performance through an open-ended process. The article introduces a teaching experiment based mainly upon exercises drawn from strands of body psychotherapy that took place within a larger experimental and cross-artistic workshop and performance project. This project aimed at enhancing the collaborative, creative, and critical skills of MA students in dance and theatre pedagogy of the Theatre Academy of the University of the Arts Helsinki. The article discusses the overall artistic project as well as the kind of bodywork the teaching experiment involved, and it makes a phenomenologically oriented reading of the written interview material gathered from the students. The specific theoretical perspective taken on the topic draws from two phenomenologically inspired thinkers, namely, Luce Irigaray’s and Timo Klemola’s views on the influence that cultivation of breathing can have on subjectivity. The article suggests that exploring and cultivating breathing through compassion can support the evolution of ethical collaboration in open-ended performance processes.

The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Mrozkowiak ◽  
Marta Stępień-Słodkowska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
First Grade ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Load Removal ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundThe lifestyle of children has a significant impact on the future health of the whole society. Therefore, health education, prevention and monitoring of health determinants is important at every stage of ontogenesis. This requires a thorough knowledge of the schoolchild's environment, perceived as a wide set of stressors, including not only genetic but also epigenetic factors. One of them is the issue of the correct and abnormal body posture at school and on the way there.MethodBody posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in 4 positions: 1-habitual posture, 2-posture after 10-minute of asymmetric axial load, 3-a posture after one minute of the load removal, 4- a posture after two minutes of the load removal. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. ResultsThe significance of differences between the 1st and 2nd measurements was analyzed to determine the impact of the backpack load and the correlation with physical fitness, and to study its influence on the value of the differences in posture features. ConclusionsCarrying school supplies on the back induces significant changes in the value of the features describing the body posture in the frontal plane. It should be assumed that the greater the weight of the container and, carrying time and intensity of physical effort is the greater the changes will be. Relatedly, it is not recommended to carry school supplies weighing more than 4 kg by first-grade students.Physical fitness has a various and sex-dependent influence on the value of changes in body posture features because of carrying school supplies. Among boys it significantly affects the asymmetry of the torso bend, shoulder height, the waist triangles height and width, whereas among girls it affects the asymmetry of the shoulders and the distance of the angles of the lower shoulder blades from the line of the spinous processes of the spine. Among boys the changes in the value of posture features are mostly influenced by endurance and speed, but strength, power and agility are of lower influence, whereas among girls only agility matters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document