Energy expenditure by elite midget male ice hockey players in small-sided games

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles-Mathieu Lachaume ◽  
François Trudeau ◽  
Jean Lemoyne
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Treadmill Testing ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the energy expenditure and heart rate responses elicited in elite male midget ice hockey players during small-sided games. Nine players (aged 15.89 ± 0.33 years) participated in the study. Maximal progressive treadmill testing in the laboratory measured the relationship of oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) to heart rate before on-ice assessments of heart rate during six different small-sided games: 1v1, 2v2, 2v2 with support player, 3v3 with support player, 3v3 with transitions, and 4v4 with two support players. Heart rate was recorded continuously in each game. 3v3 T small-sided game was the most intense for all four intensity markers. All six small-sided games reached 89% HRmax or more with heart rate peaks in active effort repetition. These findings demonstrate that such small-sided games are considered as high intensity games and are an effective training method for ice hockey players.

Effects of Heart Rate on Coronary Flow and Cardiac Oxygen Consumption

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Laurent ◽  
C. Bolene-Williams ◽  
F. L. Williams ◽  
L. N. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cardiac Work ◽  
Spontaneous Change ◽  
Ordinary Type ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oxygen Difference

The effects of electrically-induced heart rate (up to 300 beats/min.) on coronary flow and cardiac oxygen consumption has been studied in an open-chested intact preparation. A significant correlation between heart rate, coronary flow and cardiac oxygen consumption has been found at each level of cardiac work. Coronary flow and cardiac oxygen consumption increase with a rise in heart rate and seem to approach a limit at extremely rapid heart rates. Nomograms relating heart rate, work and oxygen consumption of the heart have been constructed. From these it is seen that heart rate is an important factor in determining the myocardial oxygen consumption; this is true at each level of cardiac work. The significance of these findings have been discussed relative to the unanesthetized animal. Under conditions of excessive heart rate or cardiac load which presumably lead to unusually high energy requirements, a radical departure from the expected ‘normal’ values was found in coronary flow, coronary A-V oxygen difference and cardiac oxygen consumption. This confirms the presence of ‘spontaneous’ change previously described by us. Its meaning and significance is discussed. Under these conditions of ‘spontaneous’ change coronary flow was increased, oxygen consumption decreased and coronary venous oxygen was raised as the coronary A-V oxygen difference declined. This ‘spontaneous’ change shifted the relationship of coronary flow to oxygen consumption. Furthermore, it led to a rise in coronary flow despite an elevation in coronary venous oxygen. It would seem that at this time the energy metabolism of the heart must change in that less oxygen is extracted from the blood despite an increase in its availability. The heart may therefore operate anaerobically in part or may make use of other hydrogen acceptors in the blood. The fact that this kind of metabolism may last as long as an hour or more, excludes the ordinary type of ‘oxygen debt.’

COUNTERPOINT: Theoretical and Empirical Basis for Equating Heart Rate Reserve with V̇o2 Reserve

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
David P. Swain ◽  
Barry A. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Heart Rate Reserve ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT In 1998, the American College of Sports Medicine recommended the use of % heart rate reserve (HRR) and % oxygen consumption reserve (V̇o2R) for providing equivalent exercise intensities based on limited research regarding the relationship of HR and V̇o2 from rest to maximal exercise. It further emphasized that the percentage of aerobic capacity, or %V̇o2max, does not provide equivalent intensities to %HRR and that this discrepancy is greater for individuals with lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, especially at low exercise intensities. This point/counterpoint examines additional research to evaluate these relationships.

Mechanics and energetics of stilt walking

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vaida ◽  
B. Anton-Kuchly ◽  
P. Varene
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Normal Walking ◽  
Step Rate ◽  
Length Step ◽  
Foot Loading ◽  
The Relationship

Three subjects were studied walking on a sports track with and without 1-m-long stilts. They were asked to walk in different ways. Pace length, step rate, heart rate, and oxygen consumption were measured under both conditions at different speeds. The results show that walking speed is generally faster for stilt walking than for normal walking. The higher speed is achieved due to increased pace length in spite of a decrease in step rate. The relationship between energy expenditure and walking speed is approximately the same in both cases. This result may be explained by two opposing factors: increase of pace length and decrease of step rate decrease the energy requirements of stilt walking, but the foot loading presented by the stilt walking exaggerates these conditions and increases energy expenditure.

Physiological and Metabolic Responses to Exercise on Treadmill, Elliptical Trainer, and Stepper: Practical Implications for Training

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Bosch ◽  
Kirsten C. Flanagan ◽  
Maaike M. Eken ◽  
Adrian Withers ◽  
Jana Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Fuel Utilization ◽  
Trained Runners ◽  
Practical Implications

Elliptical trainers and steppers are proposed as useful exercise modalities in the rehabilitation of injured runners due to the reduced stress on muscles and joints when compared to running. This study compared the physiological responses to submaximal running (treadmill) with exercise on the elliptical trainer and stepper devices at three submaximal but identical workloads. Authors had 18 trained runners (male/female: N = 9/9, age: mean ± SD = 23 ± 3 years) complete randomized maximal oxygen consumption tests on all three modalities. Submaximal tests of 3 min were performed at 60%, 70%, and 80% of peak workload individually established for each modality. Breath-by-breath oxygen consumption, heart rate, fuel utilization, and energy expenditure were determined. The value of maximal oxygen consumption was not different between treadmill, elliptical, and stepper (49.3 ± 5.3, 48.0 ± 6.6, and 46.7 ± 6.2 ml·min−1·kg−1, respectively). Both physiological measures (oxygen consumption and heart rate) as well as carbohydrate and fat oxidation differed significantly between the different exercise intensities (60%, 70%, and 80%) but did not differ between the treadmill, elliptical trainer, and stepper. Therefore, the elliptical trainer and stepper are suitable substitutes for running during periods when a reduced running load is required, such as during rehabilitation from running-induced injury.

The Relationship Between Measures of Heart Rate and Rate of Energy Expenditure

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
The Relationship

When public health and sport injury prevention meet: The relationship between physical activity volume and concussion risk in male youth ice hockey players

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. e22
Author(s):  
Tracy Blake ◽  
Willem Meeuwisse ◽  
Patricia Doyle-Baker ◽  
Brian Brooks ◽  
Luz Palacios-Derflingher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Sport Injury ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Physical Activity Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sport Injury Prevention

scholarly journals Heart Rate Dependency and Inter-Lead Variability of the T Peak – T End Intervals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Andršová ◽  
Katerina Hnatkova ◽  
Martina Šišáková ◽  
Ondřej Toman ◽  
Peter Smetana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rate Dependency ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Heart Rate Correction ◽  
Ecg Leads ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vector Magnitude

The electrocardiographic (ECG) assessment of the T peak–T end (Tpe) intervals has been used in many clinical studies, but several related physiological aspects have not been reported. Specifically, the sources of the Tpe differences between different ECG leads have not been systematically researched, the relationship of Tpe duration to underlying heart rate has not been firmly established, and little is known about the mutual correspondence of Tpe intervals measured in different ECG leads. This study evaluated 796,620 10-s 12-lead ECGs obtained from long-term Holters recorded in 639 healthy subjects (311 female) aged 33.8 ± 9.4 years. For each ECG, transformation to orthogonal XYZ lead was used to measure Tpe in the orthogonal vector magnitude (used as a reference for lead-to-lead comparisons) and to construct a three-dimensional T wave loop. The loop roundness was expressed by a ratio between its circumference and length. These ratios were significantly related to the standard deviation of Tpe durations in different ECG leads. At the underlying heart rate of 60 beats per minute, Tpe intervals were shorter in female than in male individuals (82.5 ± 5.6 vs 90.0 ± 6.5 ms, p < 0.0001). When studying linear slopes between Tpe intervals measured in different leads and the underlying heart rate, we found only minimal heart rate dependency, which was not systematic across the ECG leads and/or across the population. For any ECG lead, positive Tpe/RR slope was found in some subjects (e.g., 79 and 25% of subjects for V2 and V4 measurements, respectively) and a negative Tpe/RR slope in other subjects (e.g., 40 and 65% for V6 and V5, respectively). The steepest positive and negative Tpe/RR slopes were found for measurements in lead V2 and V4, respectively. In all leads, the Tpe/RR slope values were close to zero, indicating, on average, Tpe changes well below 2 ms for RR interval changes of 100 ms. On average, longest Tpe intervals were measured in lead V2, the shortest in lead III. The study concludes that the Tpe intervals measured in different leads cannot be combined. Irrespective of the measured ECG lead, the Tpe interval is not systematically heart rate dependent, and no heart rate correction should be used in clinical Tpe investigations.

scholarly journals Demam pada Penggunaan Analgesia Persalinan Epidural

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-9
Author(s):  
Alfan Mahdi Nugroho ◽  
Yusmein Uyun ◽  
Annemarie Chrysantia Melati
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Increased Temperature ◽  
Fetal Infection ◽  
Labour Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
The Relationship

Analgesia epidural telah diperkenalkan secara rutin sebagai salah satu modalitas analgesia pada proses persalinan sejak lama. Hubungan antara analgesia epidural persalinan dengan demam intrapartum pada maternal sudah disebutkan pada beberapa literatur. Demam didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan suhu tubuh lebih dari 38 oC yang didapat dari dua kali pemeriksaan. Beberapa teori yang disebutkan antara lain perubahan termoregulasi, infeksi pada ibu-janin dan inflamasi non-infeksi yang dimediasi oleh sitokin proinflamasi. Namun demikian berbagai mekanisme analgesia epidural dapat menyebabkan demam masih terus diteliti. Identifikasi demam pada ibu saat persalinan merupakan hal yang penting untuk dilakukan karena memiliki konsekuensi klinis pada ibu dan neonatus. Pada ibu ditemukan suhu yang meningkat dikaitkan dengan peningkatan denyut jantung ibu, curah jantung, konsumsi oksigen, dan produksi katekolamin. Sedangkan pada janin demam intrapartum dapat menyebabkan sepsis, perubahan skor APGAR, peningkatan kebutuhan bantuan napas dan kejadian kejang. Efek demam pada ibu dan janin masih terus dipelajari, sehingga suatu saat didapatkan cara pencegahan yang paling baik yang pada akhirnya menghindarkan keraguan untuk melakukan analgesia persalinan.   Fever during labour epidural analgesia Abstract Epidural analgesia has been routinely introduced as one of the analgesia modalities during labour. Literature has mentioned the relationship between epidural analgesia and intrapartum fever among mothers. Fever is defined as increased temperature above 38 oC in more than two measurements. Several theories have been proposed, inculing thermoregulation changes, mother-fetal infection, and non-infectious inflammation mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. However, these mechanisms have been continued to evolve. Fever identification in pregnant women is essential to recognize clinical consequences to both mothers and neonates. Increased temperature in mothers is associated with increased heart rate, cardiac output, oxygen consumption, and catecholamines production. Meanwhile, in neonates intrapartum fever is related to sepsis, APGAR score changes, the need of respiratory support and incidence of neonatal seizure. Therefore, these consequences are extensively studied in order to determine the appropriate prevention.

scholarly journals WHICH IS THE BEST WAY TO PERFORM THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COST INDEX IN ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH UNILATERAL TRANS-TIBIAL AMPUTATION?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Brunelli ◽  
Andrea Sancesario ◽  
Marco Iosa ◽  
Anna Sofia Delussu ◽  
Noemi Gentileschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Energy Cost Of Walking

BACKGROUND: Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is a simple method used to estimate energy expenditure during walking. It is based on a ratio between heart rate and self-selected walking speed. Previous studies reported that PCI is reliable in individuals with lower limb amputation but only if there is an important walking impairment. No previous studies have investigated the correlation of PCI with the Energy Cost Walking (ECW) in active individuals with traumatic unilateral trans-tibial amputation, considering that this particular category of amputees has an ECW quite similar to healthy individual without lower limb amputation. Moreover, it is important to determine if PCI is also correlated to ECW in the treadmill test so as to have an alternative to over-ground test. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between PCI and ECW in active individuals with traumatic trans-tibial amputation in different walking conditions. The secondary aim was to evaluate if this correlation permits to determine ECW from PCI values. METHODOLOGY: Ninety traumatic amputees were enrolled. Metabolic data, heart rate and walking speed for the calculation of ECW and for PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test. FINDINGS: There is a significant correlation between ECW and PCI walking over-ground (p=0.003; R2=0.10) and on treadmill with 12% slopes (p=0.001; R2=0.11) but there is only a poor to moderate correlation around the trendline. No significant correlation was found walking on treadmill with 0% slope. The Bland-Altman plot analysis suggests that is not possible to evaluate ECW directly from PCI. CONCLUSIONS: PCI is a reliable alternative measure of energy expenditure during walking in active individuals with trans-tibial amputation when performing over-ground or at high intensity effort on treadmill. PCI is therefore useful only for monitoring a within subject assessment. LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT The knowledge of the energy cost of walking in disabled people is important to improve strategies of rehabilitation or fitness training and to develop new prosthetic and orthotic components. The “gold standard” for the evaluation of the energy cost of walking is the oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter, but the testing procedure is expensive and time consuming, hardly practicable in many rehabilitation centers. The Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is an indirect tool that evaluates the oxygen consumption during walking. PCI considers heart rate during walking, in relation to the speed, as an indicator of energy expenditure. The formula is “walking heart rate – resting heart rate /speed”. PCI is widely used in literature but there is not a solid evidence of a direct correlation between PCI and energy cost of walking. In particular, for individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation without comorbidities, no previous studies have been conducted about this correlation. It has to be noticed that individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation have an energy cost of walking quite similar to healthy people. Previous studies reported that in healthy people such correlation does not exist. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate if and in which walking condition a linear correlation exists between PCI and Energy Cost Walking in individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation. Oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter and PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test in 90 participants. We have found that PCI is an alternative measure of energy cost of walking when performing over-ground or with high intensity effort on treadmill (12% slope). These findings could be useful when PCI is used for monitoring a fitness training or for evaluation tests. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32953/25717 How to Cite: Brunelli S, Sancesario A, Iosa M, Delussu A.S, Gentileschi N, Bonanni C, Foti C, Traballesi M. Which is the best way to perform the Physiological Cost Index in active individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation? Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. Volume2, Issue1, No.5, 2019. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v2i1.32953. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Stefano Brunelli,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-1564Tel. +39 0651501844; Fax +39 0651501919E-MAIL: [email protected]

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