scholarly journals Subcutaneous Injection Depth Does Not Affect the Pharmacokinetics or Glucodynamics of Insulin Lispro in Normal Weight or Healthy Obese Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 824-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo de la Peña ◽  
Kwee P. Yeo ◽  
Helle Linnebjerg ◽  
Edward Catton ◽  
Shobha Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Lispro ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Injection Depth ◽  
Healthy Obese

scholarly journals Biochemical and clinical characterization of metabolic phenotypes: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo city, Venezuela

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Valmore Bermudez ◽  
Joselyn Rojas ◽  
Juan Salazar ◽  
Maria Sofia Martinez ◽  
Luis Carlos Olivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Event Risk ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese

Background: In 1980, Reuben Andresen observed that in certain individuals, obesity did not increase mortality, introducing an atypical phenotype called “healthy obese”. Other studies reported that 10-15 % of lean individuals presented insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical and clinical characteristics of metabolic phenotypes in Maracaibo city. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional sub-analysis of The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study, with a randomized multistage sampling was performed including 1226 non diabetic individuals from both sexes. For phenotype definition, the subjects were first classified according to their BMI into Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese; then divided in metabolically healthy and unhealthy using a two-step analysis cluster being predictive variables: HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-βcell, triglycerides. To evaluate the relationship with coronary risk, a multiple logistic regression model was performed. Results: In the studied population, 43.9% (n=538) were healthy normal weight, 5.2% (n=64) unhealthy normal weight, 17.4% (n=217) healthy obese and 33.5% (n=411) unhealthy obese subjects. Atypical phenotypes, Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-Weight (MUNW) was more frequent in males (56.3%), whereas Metabolically Unhealthy Obese (MUO) was more frequent in females (51.3%). This phenotypes had a higher coronary event risk, especially for obese individuals (MHO: OR=1.85 CI95%: 1.11-3.09; p=0.02 and MUO: OR=2.09 CI95%: 1.34-3.28; p<0.01). Conclusion: Individuals with atypical metabolic phenotypes are common in Maracaibo city. Related factors may include insulin resistance, basal glucose, and triglycerides levels. Lastly, obese subjects show a higher coronary event risk even those with normal metabolic status.

scholarly journals Biochemical and clinical characterization of metabolic phenotypes: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo city, Venezuela

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Valmore Bermudez ◽  
Joselyn Rojas ◽  
Juan Salazar ◽  
Maria Sofia Martinez ◽  
Luis Carlos Olivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Event Risk ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese

Background: In 1980, Reuben Andresen observed that in certain individuals, obesity did not increase mortality, introducing an atypical phenotype called “healthy obese”. Other studies reported that 10-15 % of lean individuals presented insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical and clinical characteristics of metabolic phenotypes in Maracaibo city. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional sub-analysis of The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study, with a randomized multistage sampling was performed including 1226 non diabetic individuals from both sexes. For phenotype definition, the subjects were first classified according to their BMI into Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese; then divided in metabolically healthy and unhealthy using a two-step analysis cluster being predictive variables: HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-βcell, triglycerides. To evaluate the relationship with coronary risk, a multiple logistic regression model was performed. Results: In the studied population, 43.9% (n=538) were healthy normal weight, 5.2% (n=64) unhealthy normal weight, 17.4% (n=217) healthy obese and 33.5% (n=411) unhealthy obese subjects. Atypical phenotypes, Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-Weight (MUNW) was more frequent in males (56.3%), whereas Metabolically Unhealthy Obese (MUO) was more frequent in females (51.3%). This phenotypes had a higher coronary event risk, especially for obese individuals (MHO: OR=1.85 CI95%: 1.11-3.09; p=0.02 and MUO: OR=2.09 CI95%: 1.34-3.28; p<0.01). Conclusion: Individuals with atypical metabolic phenotypes are common in Maracaibo city. Related factors may include insulin resistance, basal glucose, and triglycerides levels. Lastly, obese subjects show a higher coronary event risk even those with normal metabolic status.

scholarly journals Metabolically healthy obese subjects and metabolic signs of obesity in subjects with normal body weight: what is behind?

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
L M Bershteĭn ◽  
I G Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Obese Normal Weight ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

The current concept of obesity as a heterogeneous condition is discussed. Such interpretation provides a basis for distinguishing a group of obese subjects without metabolic disturbances (metabolically healthy obese (MHO) subjects) and another one including subjects with normal body weight and signs of hormonal and metabolic disorders (metabolically obese normal weight (MONW) subjects). A separate subgroup is represented by obese patients with deficit of muscular mass and force (sarcopenic obesity). Potential mechanisms underlying development of these conditions are considered along with selected applied aspects of this problem.

Higher mortality in metabolically obese normal-weight people than in metabolically healthy obese subjects in elderly Koreans

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Mook Choi ◽  
Hyun Joo Cho ◽  
Hae Yoon Choi ◽  
Sae Jeong Yang ◽  
Hye Jin Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Obese Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Elderly Koreans

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Patients Have Lower Levels of Adropin When Compared With Healthy Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Yosaee ◽  
Mahmoud Khodadost ◽  
Alireza Esteghamati ◽  
John R. Speakman ◽  
Farzad Shidfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, is a challenging public health issue. The aim of current study was to test the hypothesis that concentrations of plasma adropin and leptin differ between patients with MetS and comparable age- and sex-matched control groups. This case-control study involved 153 subjects (51 per group). The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included weight-matched subjects without MetS (“healthy”: obese) and normal weight subjects without MetS. Body composition parameters were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Plasma levels of adropin, leptin, and their ratio were measured. Leptin was significantly different between obese patients with/without MetS groups and normal weight subjects. Patients with MetS had higher levels of leptin (14 ± 12.4) compared with those without MetS (11.2 ± 9.3 vs. 7 ± 7.1 obese and normal weight without MetS, respectively; p = .002). Compared with healthy obese and normal weight subjects, MetS subjects had lower levels of plasma adropin ( p < .001) and a lower plasma adropin to leptin ratio ( p < .001), which remained significant when adjusted for body fat mass by analysis of covariance ( p < .001). This study demonstrates low levels of adropin are correlated with MetS and hence identify it as a potentially protective agent against MetS development. Variation in adropin levels may partly explain the “healthy obese” phenomenon.

scholarly journals Differences in Salivary Proteins as a Function of PROP Taster Status and Gender in Normal Weight and Obese Subjects

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2244
Author(s):  
Melania Melis ◽  
Mariano Mastinu ◽  
Stefano Pintus ◽  
Tiziana Cabras ◽  
Roberto Crnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Preferences ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Salivary Proteins ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cystatin Sn

Taste plays an important role in processes such as food choices, nutrition status and health. Salivary proteins contribute to taste sensitivity. Taste reduction has been associated with obesity. Gender influences the obesity predisposition and the genetic ability to perceive the bitterness of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), oral marker for food preferences and consumption. We investigated variations in the profile of salivary proteome, analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS, between sixty-one normal weight subjects (NW) and fifty-seven subjects with obesity (OB), based on gender and PROP sensitivity. Results showed variations of taste-related salivary proteins between NW and OB, which were differently associated with gender and PROP sensitivity. High levels of Ps-1, II-2 and IB-1 proteins belonging to basic proline rich proteins (bPRPs) and PRP-1 protein belonging to acid proline rich proteins (aPRPs) were found in OB males, who showed a lower body mass index (BMI) than OB females. High levels of Ps-1 protein and Cystatin SN (Cyst SN) were found in OB non-tasters, who had lower BMI than OB super-tasters. These new insights on the role of salivary proteins as a factor driving the specific weight gain of OB females and super-tasters, suggest the use of specific proteins as a strategic tool modifying taste responses related to eating behavior.

Role of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 as biomarkers of early kidney injury in obese prepubertal children

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1183-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nella Polidori ◽  
Cosimo Giannini ◽  
Roberta Salvatore ◽  
Piernicola Pelliccia ◽  
Adriana Parisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Urinary Ngal ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractObjectivesChildhood obesity is an important cause of end-stage renal disease. To date, available markers do not characterize kidney changes, especially in the early stages. kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are already detected before the onset of proteinuria or alterations of glomerular filtration rate and thus might represent biomarkers that directly reflect kidney injury.MethodsWe characterize kidney injury in a group of 40 obese-prepubertal children compared to 29-healthy age- and gender matched-peers. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were determined. Fasting blood samples were collected for measurement of insulin, glucose, lipid profile, transaminases, cystatin C and creatinine. Urine samples were collected to assess urinary NGAL, KIM-1 and urinary isoprostanes. Kidney length was measured with ultrasound evaluation. Differences between the two groups were evaluated by Mann–Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore relationship between variables.ResultsTriglycerides, alanine transaminase (ALT), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ratio and cystatin C values were significantly higher in obese children than normal weight peers. Creatinine values were normal and similar between the two groups, while isoprostanes were higher in obese. Obese children had larger kidney sizes, indicating organ hypertrophy. NGAL and KIM-1 were increased in obese children compared to controls. A significant association between NGAL and KIM-1 with adiposity indices, insulin status and markers of oxidative stress postulated a possible effect of obesity in inducing kidney abnormalities. KIM-1 and NGAL are directly related respectively to cystatin C and isoprostanes, supporting the ability of these biomarkers in reflecting early kidney damages in obese subjects.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that obese subjects exhibit a certain degree of renal damage before kidney function loss.

Intradermal Microneedle Delivery of Insulin Lispro Achieves Faster Insulin Absorption and Insulin Action than Subcutaneous Injection

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Pettis ◽  
Barry Ginsberg ◽  
Laurence Hirsch ◽  
Diane Sutter ◽  
Steven Keith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Lispro ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Insulin Absorption

Alexithymia in a Clinical Sample of Obese Women

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morosin ◽  
G. Riva
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Eating Attitude Test ◽  
Attitude Test ◽  
Obese Subjects

The purpose was to examine the rate of alexithymia as measured by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale in a clinical sample of obese women without Binge Eating Disorder. Subjects included 165 inpatients in an eating disorder unit and 135 normal-weight individuals (comparison group). The obese subjects also completed a series of tests including the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, and the Eating Attitude Test. Analysis showed that the subgroups of obese persons differ in important ways and cannot necessarily be treated, studied, or understood through a single paradigm. Alexithymic behaviour, too, was not characteristic of obesity, but it was present only in the subgroup of subjects with psychopathological characteristics.

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