The State-Preneurship Model of Digital Journalism Innovation: Cases from China

2021 ◽  
pp. 194016122199177
Author(s):  
Kecheng Fang ◽  
Maria Repnikova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Digital Journalism ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Venture Capital Firms ◽  
News Outlet

Digital innovation has been widely considered as a key solution to the current journalism crisis. While most innovation projects in democratic regimes receive funding from media organizations, venture capital firms, and foundations, many of China’s digital journalism projects are funded and led by the state—a model we define as “state-preneurship.” In this study, we compare this model with other digital innovation models on three dimensions: the amount and sustainability of funding, the extent of newsroom restructuring, and the transformation of journalistic culture. We focus on the early national success case, Shanghai-based news outlet Pengpai, as well as on eight of its regional copycats. Based on interviews with forty-three executives, journalists, propaganda officials, media investors, and scholars, we argue that while in the short run, state-preneurship has produced fast and large-scale transformations in the digital journalism industry, these changes appear as largely unsustainable in the long run. This is due to (1) the political contingency of state investments and (2) the limited transformation in journalistic culture.

scholarly journals The Spillover Effects on Strategic Interdependence Neighboring Countries: A Game Theory Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyundelger Sharkhuu ◽  
Pu Yongjian ◽  
Batdelger Tsogt-Ochir ◽  
Tugs Sanjdorj
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Inbound Tourism ◽  
Short Run

The main aim of sustainable development is to ensure an intelligible and long-lasting balance between the economy, society, and the environment. Sustainable tourism could only be successful if the inter-relationships between all three dimensions are accepted. In the limited number of research analyses, the focus of the research is on competition between tourist countries and destinations. This study has used Game theory to analyze the competition applies time-series data in selected neighboring countries measure of a VAR-based spillover index, developed by [1] to investigate the time-varying relationship between tourism and Gross Domestic Product. Each country analyzed Vector Error Correction (VEC) and Granger analysis to explore the causal short and long-term tourism and use a sample that spans from 1997 to 2019. From the main results of Cholesky, the total spillover index is 59.0% between Russia and Mongolia which suggests a moderate interdependence among the four variables. Findings indicate that neither China nor Mongolia have a short-run influence on tourism development. China's inbound tourism is affected in the long run by Mongolia's inbound tourism but not vice versa can be explained by the fact that the number of tourists visiting Mongolia would include China in their travels.

considerable advantages, too, for the spread of producer co-operatives. In addition, while bypassing the obstacle posed by economic fragmentation, such investments would nevertheless be attacking it, thus raising the degree of economic integration. No doubt, these investments would require industrial inputs at a higher level than before and the financing of this might imply that the planners have to give up some of the surplus extracted from the agricultural sector for use by it within its boundaries. In our opinion, this approach provides the basis for achieving high growth targets in the medium term without compromising on the distributional front at the class, sector, or regional levels. Two qualifications need to be registered. First, this does not imply that the DTYP target of y = 7.5 per cent per annum becomes feasible in this strategy. Even in Case A, the argument was only partly that it was probably not achievable; rather, that achieving it with n = 3.5 per cent would almost certainly lead to a vicious inflationary spiral, thereby worsening income distribution. In Case B, the burden of financing would be shared in an egalitarian manner through the rationing system but its average level would not be any different. What is being argued is that, first, for any given n, y* (C) > y* (A, B), and second, the rate of growth of n would be substantially greater over time in Case C than in Case A or B. Thus, Case C could be viewed as laying the basis for an eventual second phase of an industrialisation drive of the type now being proposed, in our view, prematurely. Second, it is probable that under Case C, rural foodgrain consumption would rise in the short run. In this strategy, too, state farms would play a crucial part in the transitional phase and beyond. It is necessary therefore to assist them in achieving efficiency quickly, and to overcome the problems of haphazard location and early growth. A period of consolidation might be necessary prior to any further expansion on any large scale. Finally, we need to turn our focus to the problems of urban poverty and unemployment which are not directly handled in any of the three cases. A separate policy component is therefore called for. A two-pronged approach is necessary. The first of these is to ensure that all low-income earners are covered by the urban rationing system. In the present context, this would require extending the coverage to the smaller urban centres and even in the larger ones to that lowest strata which might not be registered in any urban kebele. Thus, the AMC needs to grow greatly and quickly. It is in this context that the current and future role of the state farm sector has to be seen. Even within the framework of Case C, it will be some time before the area of stable grain yields is extended to a point where the urban populations are not held to ransom by the weather all too frequently; in the meantime, the state farms provide an insurance cover which is indispensible. (A corresponding function would be performed in the food-insecure rural areas by the grain banks suggested earlier.) Further, the kebele shops need to move more into the inferior cereals, in particular, sorghum, maize and black teff. Improving the storage facilities of the AMC and state farms could achieve the welcome result of lowering cost by anything up to 15-20 per cent on some crops. All such gains registered should reflect themselves in lower prices for the inferior, rather than for the superior, cereals as appears to have been the case in the recent past.

2013 ◽  
pp. 183-184
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Insurance Cover ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Short Run

Modern problems and contradictions of implementation of the State Energy Policy of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Serhii Moskaliuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Competitive Relations

Implementation of strategic tasks of energy sector development, implementation of large-scale measures for technical renewal and modernization of fixed assets, as well as consistent implementation of competitive relations in the fuel and energy complex and adjacent energy markets are significantly complicated due to the imperfection of the state tariff and tariff, the lack of objective methodological approaches to the determination of economically justified level of prices and tariffs for energy for different categories of consumers. Recent research and publications analysis. Scientists such as Baryakhtar V., Voloshin О., Kilnitsky O., Kuhar V., Maistro S., Palshin G. and others have devoted their publications to the analysis of existing problems and contradictions of the implementation of the state energy policy of Ukraine in the current conditions. However, many issues regarding the problematic aspects of energy sector development and the effectiveness of Ukraine’s state energy policy implementation remain poorly understood. The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing problems and contradictions of the implementation of the state energy policy of Ukraine in the current conditions. In a market economy, energy prices in the domestic market must be economically justified, that is, reflect the real costs of its purchase (production), transportation and delivery. In addition, the World Bank adheres to the need to build the most transparent energy market in Ukraine, including bringing prices to an economically sound level. Carrying out a real pricing reform in the energy sector will have a positive effect on improving the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy in the long run.  

scholarly journals Milk Production Response in Pakistan

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Mohammad Pervez Wasim
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Farm Mechanization ◽  
Short Run ◽  
High Level

In third world countries, where the level of mechanization in agriculture is low, livestock rearing is mainly for draught purpose. On the other hand, the use of animals for draught purpose is low in developed countries owing to the high level of farm mechanization and the animals are mainly reared for the consumption of meat and milk. Milk production in Pakistan is an important enterprise for over five million households owning buffaloes and cattle. Supply response of livestock has been undertaken mostly in developed countries. In developing countries livestock farming is not done on a large scale basis. This study is an attempt to obtain the best estimates of the response of milk producers while making a decision about production allocation of milk in Pakistan. The main objectives of the study are: (1) to test whether Pakistani milk producers respond to price movements (2) to estimate the elasticities of production with respect to milk producers: (a) relative price (b) credit and lagged production (c) to make a comparison of short-run and long-run price elasticities with that of developed and underdeveloped countries (d) to identify policy measures. The study is based on secondary data at the Pakistan level and covers a period of 31 years, starting from 1971-72 to 2002-03. Marc Nerlove’s (1958) partial adjustment lagged model is used for the study. The result of the analysis reveals that in the process of making the production decisions for milk production, all the variables (relative price, credit availability and lagged milk production) are equally important.

scholarly journals Rice trade policy and productivity: empirical evidence from Nigeria’s Rice sub-sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Ogheneruemu Obi-Egbedi ◽  
Olaide A Akin-Olagunju ◽  
Isaac B Oluwatayo
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Error Correction Modeling ◽  
Rice Trade

Low productivity, modest production and large-scale importation characterize Nigeria’s rice subsector despite government intervention through trade policy measures since independence. Studies on Nigeria’s trade policy and rice productivity are scanty in the literature. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of the country’s rice trade policy on rice productivity from 1961-2017, employing the Vector Error Correction Modeling approach. The results show that protectionist trade policy reduced rice productivity in the short run but was not significant in the long run. Producer price and domestic consumption improved rice productivity in the short run although, the latter reduced productivity in the long run. Similarly, fertilizer consumption and exchange rate reduced productivity in the short run but exchange rate increased productivity in the long run. Thus, government should focus on exchange rate, liberalized trade policy and appropriate fertilizer policy to improve Nigeria’s rice productivity.

scholarly journals Microeconomic aspects of government subsidies in the agricultural market

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 542-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Severová ◽  
J. Chromý ◽  
B. Sekerka ◽  
A. Soukup
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Price Subsidy ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government

It is known from the Czech practice that a very actual problem of economic policy is created by the subsidies on the prices of agricultural products. A price subsidy of agricultural product causes the price to be kept above its equilibrium level. We will use the microeconomic knowledge about the behaviour of average and marginal costs curves in the short-run and long-run. We assume two agricultural firms in a perfect competition market. The agricultural large-scale company reaches a normal profit, but the small family firm has higher costs, therefore it runs at a loss. Using the subsidy can ensure that the prices of agricultural products are set at a level, at which the farmers have appropriate incomes. However, a loss of efficiency can occur because of the subsidy as the surplus, which is purchased by the government, and actually stays unused.  

scholarly journals Fragility of State in Central African Republic: An Econometric Approach to Efficiency Understanding

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-697
Author(s):  
Yapatake Kossele Thales Pacific
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Of Corruption

A fragile state contributes to the underdevelopment of the nation and its consequences can be very devastating on the state’s cohesion, characterized by a high level of corruption which led the country to an incessant political instability and the continuous presence of foreign troops. 1 This article used the vector autoregresssion (VAR) model covering the period of 2005–2015 to examine the impact of control of corruption on the fragility of the state in the Central African Republic (CAR). The results show that control of corruption is significant and has a negative impact on the fragility of the state in the short run. The impulse response shows a negative impact of control of corruption in the short run but a positive impact in the long run on the fragility of the state. The policy implications of this fragility are that the CAR must pursue better governance as well as in the investment choices. Unless the CAR leaders and citizens recognize their own fragility, things can only get worse.

scholarly journals No Child Left Behind: Subsidized Child Care and Children's Long-Run Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarjei Havnes ◽  
Magne Mogstad
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
No Child Left Behind ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Impact

Many developed countries are currently considering a move toward subsidized, widely accessible child care or preschool. However, studies on how large-scale provision of child care affects child development are scarce, and focused on short-run outcomes. We analyze a large-scale expansion of subsidized child care in Norway, addressing the impact on children's long-run outcomes. Our precise and robust difference-in-differences estimates show that subsidized child care had strong positive effects on children's educational attainment and labor market participation, and also reduced welfare dependency. Subsample analyses indicate that girls and children with low-educated mothers benefit the most from child care. (JEL J13, J16)

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