scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening and Associations With Common Concussion Screening Tools

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Yorke ◽  
Laura Smith ◽  
Mitch Babcock ◽  
Bara Alsalaheen
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
The Individual

Background: Sustaining a concussion commonly results in vestibular impairments that may be associated with balance deficits. To screen for vestibular impairments after a concussion, the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tool was developed. The relationship between the VOMS and other concussion screening tools, such as the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and King-Devick (K-D), have not been explored. Hypotheses: (1) VOMS would provide reliable results and not provoke symptoms in healthy adolescents and (2) VOMS test items would measure related aspects of vestibular function that are not measured through the BESS or K-D. Study Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A total of 105 healthy adolescents (53 male, 52 female; mean age, 15.4 years) completed the VOMS, BESS, and K-D tests. A subsample of 21 adolescents (16 male, 5 female; mean age, 15.5 years) completed the VOMS twice. Results: The median total symptom score for all 7 VOMS items was 0 (0-5). The majority of the individual VOMS test items total symptom scores demonstrated a significant correlation with each other ( rs = 0.25-0.66, P < 0.02). The individual VOMS items did not demonstrate a significant relationship to the BESS or K-D. VOMS items demonstrated high agreement in total symptom scores between testing trials, with near point convergence (NPC) distance demonstrating an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.89-0.98; P < 0.001). The MDC95 (minimal detectable change with 95 confidence) for NPC distance was 4 cm. Conclusion: The VOMS did not provoke vestibular symptoms in healthy adolescents. The VOMS items measured unique aspects of vestibular function other than those measured by the BESS or K-D with good reliability. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should consider implementing the VOMS as part of a comprehensive concussion assessment if vestibular impairment is suspected. If NPC distance is measured twice, a difference of >4 cm would be considered real change outside of measurement error.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of 2-Dimensional Video-Based Assessment to Analyze Foot Strike Pattern and Step Rate During Running: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Carlos Lucas de Oliveira ◽  
Anny Fredette ◽  
Sherezada Ochoa Echeverría ◽  
Charles Sebiyo Batcho ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Roy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Step Rate ◽  
Cosmin Checklist ◽  
Foot Strike

Context: Two-dimensional (2D) video-based analysis is often used by clinicians to examine the foot strike pattern (FSP) and step rate in runners. Reliability and validity of 2D video-based analysis have been questioned. Objective: To synthesize the psychometric properties of 2D video-based analysis for assessing runners’ FSP and step rate while running. Data Sources: Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, EBSCOHost/CINAHL, and Scielo were searched from their inception to August 2018. Study Selection: Studies were included if (1) they were published in English, French, Portuguese or Spanish; (2) they reported at least 1 psychometric property (validity and/or reliability) of 2D video-based analysis to assess running kinematics; and (3) they assessed FSP or step rate during running. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Data Extraction: Studies were screened for methodological (MacDermid checklist) and psychometric quality (COSMIN checklist) by 2 independent raters. Results: Eight studies, with a total of 702 participants, were included. Seven studies evaluated the reliability of 2D video to assess FSP and found very good to excellent reliability (0.41 ≤ κ ≤ 1.00). Two studies reported excellent reliability for the calculation of step rate (0.75 ≤ intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ≤ 1.00). One study demonstrated excellent concurrent validity between 2D and 3D (gold standard) motion capture systems to determine FSP (Gwet agreement coefficient [AC] > 0.90; ICC > 0.90), and another study found excellent concurrent validity between 2D video and another device to calculate step rate (0.84 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.95). Conclusion: Strong evidence suggests that 2D video-based analysis is a reliable method for assessing FSP and quantifying step rate, regardless of the experience of the assessor. Limited evidence exists on the validity of 2D video-based analysis in determining FSP and calculating step rate during running.

scholarly journals Responsiveness of a Balance Assessment Using a Mobile Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-404
Author(s):  
David A. Krause ◽  
Sarah E. Anderson ◽  
Graeme R. Campbell ◽  
Samson J. Davis ◽  
Samuel W. Tindall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Algorithm Analysis ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
A Value

Background: Balance assessment is used by clinicians as part of athlete concussion screening. The King-Devick (K-D) Balance app is designed to provide an objective balance assessment value. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responsiveness of a balance assessment using the K-D Balance app. Hypothesis: The K-D Balance app will demonstrate acceptable responsiveness for balance assessment. Study Design: Repeated-measures study. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Methods: A convenience sample of 25 participants between the ages of 20 and 25 years completed testing procedures. A battery of balance tests using the K-D Balance app on an iPhone were conducted 1 week apart. After a 5-minute warm-up, 3 stances were assessed: double leg, tandem right, and tandem left. The K-D Balance app guided the test positions and test times. A value representing movement was generated by the app algorithm. Analysis included descriptive statistics along with intraclass correlation coefficient and minimal detectable change (MDC). Results: The median score of the K-D test was 0.5 for session 1 and 0.4 for session 2. The ICC was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.04-0.70), and the MDC was 1.58. Conclusion: The MDC value of 1.58 represents the threshold of meaningful change in balance, as measured with the K-D Balance app. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians can use the results of this study to objectively assess changes in balance over time using the K-D Balance app.

scholarly journals Impact of distractors in item analysis of multiple choice questions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1136
Author(s):  
Ismail Burud ◽  
Kavitha Nagandla ◽  
Puneet Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Difficulty Index ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Discriminatory Index

Background: Item analysis is a quality assurance of examining the performance of the individual test items that measures the validity and reliability of exams. This study was performed to evaluate the quality of the test items with respect to their performance on difficulty index (DFI), Discriminatory index (DI) and assessment of functional and non-functional distractors (FD and NFD).Methods: This study was performed on the summative examination undertaken by 113 students. The analyses include 120 one best answers (OBAs) and 360 distractors.Results: Out of the 360 distractors, 85 distractors were chosen by less than 5% with the distractor efficiency of 23.6%. About 47 (13%) items had no NFDs while 51 (14%), 30 (8.3%), and 4 (1.1%) items contained 1, 2, and 3 NFDs respectively. Majority of the items showed excellent difficulty index (50.4%, n=42) and fair discrimination (37%, n=33). The questions with excellent difficulty index and discriminatory index showed statistical significance with 1NFD and 2 NFD (p=0.03).Conclusions: The post evaluation of item performance in any exam in one of the quality assurance method of identifying the best performing item for quality question bank. The distractor efficiency gives information on the overall quality of item.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability Study of Turkish Version of “Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory” and “Bodybuilder Image Grid” Scales

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
Asli Devrim ◽  
Pelin Bilgic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Turkish Version ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Related Information

Background: Although bigorexia symptoms are rapidly increasing, it is mostly an underrecognized condition in Turkish male bodybuilders. There are no validated screening tools to identify the symptoms. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of the Turkish version of the MDDI and the BIG towards the diagnosis of bigorexia and to provide health care professionals with early screening tools. Methods: One hundred twenty male bodybuilders, fifty-eight professional bodybuilders and sixtytwo recreational bodybuilders, all of whom matched the research criteria, were included in this study. MDDI and BIG forms were filled by the bodybuilders, along with an “Individual Characteristic Information Form”, a “Nutrition-related Information Form”, and a “Bodybuilding-related Information Form”. To evaluate the construct validity, factor analysis was conducted and resulted in a threefactor construct. Results: The factor-loading values ranged from 0.542- 0.827. Calculations of Cronbach’s alpha for the MDDI sum (α = 0.657) revealed a good internal consistency. The MDDI, BIG O, and BIG S intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were found to be 0.840, 0.908, and 0.879, respectively. As a result, MDDI had acceptable reliability and that of BIG O and BIG S was excellent. Discussion: Turkish MDDI, BIG-O and BIG-S forms proved to be valid and reliable scales and were adequate for determining the symptoms of bigorexia in male bodybuilders. Using these forms, there was a statistically significant relationship between bigorexia and eating disorders, which were significantly positively correlated. Conclusion: Our results support the feasibility of using the MDDI, the BIG-O, and the BIG-S forms to determine symptoms of bigorexia in Turkish population. Further studies are needed to confirm if this result can be generalized to female bodybuilders.

scholarly journals The BAND Test: Improving Reliability and Balance Testing for People with Neurocognitive Impairments: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 898-898
Author(s):  
Evelyn Hahn ◽  
Melissa Moore ◽  
Lindsay Neirman ◽  
Stephanie Arcadia ◽  
Stacy-Jo Krasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Balance Testing ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairments ◽  
Improve Measurement

Abstract People with neurocognitive impairments have a higher risk of falls compared to other older adults and require specific cues for evaluation. Additional options for balance testing is necessary to improve reliability and assessment of fall risk. This study established the efficacy of the novel Balance Assessment for Neurocognitive Deficits (BAND) in order to improve measurement of fall risk for people with neurocognitive impairments. The BAND was analyzed for construct validity and reliability through comparison with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Older adults with neurocognitive impairments (n=15) in subacute and long-term settings performed BAND and BBS assessments during therapy. Clinicians determined ambulation assistance, fall risk, and time. Calculation of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC95) values was completed. Corresponding ICC values were 0.985 (95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.956-0.995) for test-retest reliability and 0.995 (95% CI, 0.985-0.998) for inter-rater reliability. Other values included SEM=0.79 and MDC95=2.18. A linear-regression graph including Pearson’s coefficient (r) demonstrated validity through comparing BAND and BBS and showed a strong correlation (r=0.94, 95% CI, 0.825-0.98). A Bland-Altman plot was created to assess agreement between clinicians, and the mean difference was 0.2667 with 95% limits of agreement (-0.897 to 1.430). The BAND demonstrated excellent reliability and agreement for clinicians providing the test. Further research is necessary to compare the BAND with additional assessments and to demonstrate the utility in expanded populations including the community.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Various Cervical Muscle Strength Testing Methods Using a Handheld Dynamometer

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Krause ◽  
Kelsey A. Hansen ◽  
Matthew J. Hastreiter ◽  
Taylor N. Kuhn ◽  
Molly L. Peichel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cervical Muscle ◽  
Muscle Testing

Background: Cervical muscle strength, proposed as a modifiable risk factor in concussions, can be assessed using various methods. The purpose of this study was to compare the reliability and force outputs of 3 methods that use handheld dynamometry (HHD) for assessing cervical muscle strength. Hypothesis: All 3 testing methods are reliable, and force outputs are significantly different between methods. Study Design: Repeated-measures reliability. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Methods: The study used a convenience sample of 30 participants. HHD “make tests” for cervical extension, flexion, and right and left side bending were performed using lying push tests, sitting push tests, and sitting pull tests. A sole examiner performed all tests. Two testing sessions were conducted 1 week apart. Analysis included intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), repeated-measures analyses of variance (α = 0.05) with post hoc Bonferroni tests, and minimal detectable change (MDC) calculations. Results: All testing methods were reliable; the lying push test had the greatest point estimate values (ICC, 0.89-0.95). Significant differences in force were found between the 3 testing methods. The MDC was most sensitive for the lying push method. Conclusion: Of the 3 cervical muscle testing methods investigated, the lying position with a push test had the largest ICC according to the point estimate and the most sensitive MDC. Force values between the 3 methods were significantly different, which suggests that consistent testing methods should be used. Clinical Relevance: Results from this study support the clinical use of an HHD “make test” in a lying position for assessing cervical muscle strength. The test is reliable and more sensitive to change compared with tests in a seated position.

Construct validity and reliability of Finnish version of Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Ruokolainen ◽  
Marianne Haapea ◽  
Steven Linton ◽  
Katariina Korniloff ◽  
Arja Häkkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Hospital Visit ◽  
Screening Questionnaire

AbstractIntroductionChronic pain causes suffering for affected individuals and incurs costs to society through work disability. Interventions based on early screening of psychological risk factors for chronic pain using screening tools such as the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) have been found to reduce work absenteeism and health care visits and increase perceived health. The aim of the current study was to translate the ÖMPSQ into Finnish and test its validity and reliability in a patient sample.MethodsThe ÖMPSQ was forward–backward translated and cross-culturally adapted, and applied to our study population (n = 69), the members of which had been referred to the Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine of Oulu University Hospital from primary health care centres in Northern Finland due to chronic low back pain. The patients answered the ÖMPSQ two weeks before the hospital visit, and the follow-up questionnaire either during the hospital visit, or after by mail. The reliability of the ÖMPSQ was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Factor analysis was used to group items of the ÖMPSQ, and internal consistency between the items was determined by calculating Cronbach’s alphas.ResultsThe cross-cultural adaptation revealed only minor semantic and cultural differences. Measurements showed reliability as moderate to nearly perfect for all of the ÖMPSQ items (ICC values ranged from 0.59 to 0.96). Items loaded into five different factors: disability, psychological symptoms, pain, fear avoidance, and work. All except one (work) showed acceptable internal consistency. The ÖMPSQ score was positively associated with both intensity of pain and the Oswestry Disability Index.Conclusions and implicationsThe reliability and construct validity of the Finnish version of the ÖMPSQ were good. The predictive ability of the ÖMPSQ in the Finnish population should be evaluated in further studies.

scholarly journals TRANSLATION, CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE FOOT FUNCTION INDEX - REVISED (FFI-R)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
KELLY CRISTINA STÉFANI ◽  
MIGUEL VIANA PEREIRA FILHO ◽  
PEDRO RIZZI OLIVEIRA ◽  
Paloma Yan Lam Wun
Keyword(s):  
Type I Error ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Foot Function Index ◽  
Function Index ◽  
Foot Function

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the “Foot Function Index - Revised” (FFI-R) for use in Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: The scale was translated and administered (as recommended by Guillemin, 2000) to 52 patients in the postoperative period after foot and ankle surgery. Seven days after the initial assessment, the scale was readministered by a different interviewer. The data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software for Mac. Reproducibility was assessed using intraclass correlation analysis. Results were considered statistically significant at a type I error rate of 5%. Results: The following random-effects intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were obtained for each score on the FFI-R: 0.625 for pain, 0.558 for stiffness, 0.757 for difficulty, 0.718 for activity restrictions, 0.854 for personal concerns, and 0.753 for the total score. Conclusion: The FFI-R was successfully translated to Portuguese and culturally adapted for use in Brazilian patients, demonstrating satisfactory validity and reliability. Level of Evidence I, Testing of Previously Developed Diagnostic Criteria on Consecutive Patients (with universally applied reference “golg” standard).

Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the International Index of Erectile Function

2020 ◽  
pp. 205141582092781
Author(s):  
Yudhistira Pradnyan Kloping ◽  
Farizal Rizky Muharram ◽  
Ardhina Mahendrata Reswari
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Male Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Excellent Internal Consistency

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesian-translated version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15). Subjects and methods: A total of 100 male participants were involved in this study. Written consent was given by each participant before filling in the questionnaire. The original main structure and domains were kept in the translated version. Pearson product–moment correlation was used to test the validity of the results. The reliability was determined based on the Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency measurement and intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: The Pearson correlation findings indicate an excellent level of validity compared to the critical value table ( r>0.254, p<0.01). Almost every domain shows excellent internal consistency (α>0.9) and good reliability (0.75<α<0.90) except for sexual desire (α=0.631, r=0.461) and overall satisfaction (α=0.705, r=0.545), which show lower but acceptable consistency as well as moderate reliability, respectively. Overall, the questionnaire exhibits promising consistency (α=0.974) and reliability ( r=0.712). Conclusion: The Indonesian version of the IIEF-15 is valid and reliable to be used as both a clinical diagnostic tool and an instrument for further studies focusing on male sexual dysfunction in Indonesia. Level of evidence: Not applicable

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