scholarly journals Ultrasound-Based Quantification of Cartilage Damage After In Vivo Articulation With Metal Implants

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352110638
Author(s):  
Maria Pastrama ◽  
Janne Spierings ◽  
Pieter van Hugten ◽  
Keita Ito ◽  
Richard Lopata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Altered Surface ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Objective This study aims to evaluate the applicability of the ultrasound roughness index (URI) for quantitative assessment of cartilage quality ex vivo (post-mortem), after 6 months of in vivo articulation with a Focal Knee Resurfacing Implant (FKRI). Design Goats received a metal FKRI ( n = 8) or sham surgery ( n = 8) in the medial femoral condyles. After 6 months animals were sacrificed, tibial plateaus were stained with Indian ink, and macroscopic scoring of the plateaus was performed based on the ink staining. The URI was calculated from high-frequency ultrasound images at several sections, covering both areas that articulated with the implant and non-articulating areas. Cartilage quality at the most damaged medial location was evaluated with a Modified Mankin Score (MMS). Results The URI was significantly higher in the FKRI-articulating than in the sham plateaus at medial articulating sections, but not at sections that were not in direct contact with the implant, for example, under the meniscus. The mean macroscopic score and MMS were significantly higher in the FKRI-articulating group than in the sham group ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], respectively). Correlation coefficients between URI and macroscopic score were significant in medial areas that articulated with the implant. A significant correlation between URI and MMS was found at the most damaged medial location ([Formula: see text]). Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential of URI to evaluate cartilage roughness and altered surface morphology after in vivo articulation with a metal FKRI, rendering it a promising future tool for quantitative follow-up assessment of cartilage quality.

scholarly journals Comparison of optical coherence tomography and high frequency ultrasound imaging in mice for the assessment of skin morphology and intradermal volumes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kornelia Schuetzenberger ◽  
Martin Pfister ◽  
Alina Messner ◽  
Vanessa Froehlich ◽  
Gerhard Garhoefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Skin Morphology ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), two established imaging modalities in the field of dermatology, were evaluated and compared regarding their applicability for visualization of skin tissue morphology and quantification of murine intradermal structures. The accuracy and reproducibility of both methods were assessed ex vivo and in vivo using a standardized model for intradermal volumes based on injected soft tissue fillers. OCT revealed greater detail in skin morphology, allowing for detection of single layers due to the superior resolution. Volumetric data measured by OCT (7.9 ± 0.3 μl) and HFUS (7.7 ± 0.5 μl) were in good agreement and revealed a high accuracy when compared to the injected volume of 7.98 ± 0.8 µl. In vivo, OCT provided a higher precision (relative SD: 26% OCT vs. 42% HFUS) for the quantification of intradermal structures, whereas HFUS offered increased penetration depth enabling the visualization of deeper structures. A combination of both imaging technologies might be valuable for tumor assessments or other dermal pathologies in clinical settings.

scholarly journals In vivo imaging of swimming micromotors using hybrid high-frequency ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azaam Aziz ◽  
Joost Holthof ◽  
Sandra Meyer ◽  
Oliver G. Schmidt ◽  
Mariana Medina-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
And Function ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

AbstractThe fast evolution of medical micro- and nanorobots in the endeavor to perform non-invasive medical operations in living organisms boosted the use of diverse medical imaging techniques in the last years. Among those techniques, photoacoustic (PA) tomography has shown to be promising for the imaging of microrobots in deep-tissue (ex vivo and in vivo), as it possesses the molecular specificity of optical techniques and the penetration depth of ultrasound imaging. However, the precise maneuvering and function control of microrobots, in particular in living organisms, demand the combination of both anatomical and functional imaging methods. Therefore, herein, we report the use of a hybrid High-Frequency Ultrasound (HFUS) and PA imaging system for the real-time tracking of magnetically driven micromotors (single and swarms) in phantoms, ex vivo, and in vivo (in mice bladder and uterus), envisioning their application for targeted drug-delivery.

scholarly journals Animal Model Dependent Response to Pentagalloyl Glucose in Murine Abdominal Aortic Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth E. Niedert ◽  
Sourav S. Patnaik ◽  
Renxiang Tang ◽  
Riley L. Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Aortic Injury ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Infrarenal Aorta ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Pentagalloyl Glucose

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a local dilation of the aorta and are associated with significant mortality due to rupture and treatment complications. There is a need for less invasive treatments to prevent aneurysm growth and rupture. In this study, we used two experimental murine models to evaluate the potential of pentagalloyl glucose (PGG), which is a polyphenolic tannin that binds to and crosslinks elastin and collagen, to preserve aortic compliance. Animals underwent surgical aortic injury and received 0.3% PGG or saline treatment on the adventitial surface of the infrarenal aorta. Seventeen mice underwent topical elastase injury, and 14 mice underwent topical calcium chloride injury. We collected high-frequency ultrasound images before surgery and at 3–4 timepoints after. There was no difference in the in vivo effective maximum diameter due to PGG treatment for either model. However, the CaCl2 model had significantly higher Green–Lagrange circumferential cyclic strain in PGG-treated animals (p < 0.05). While ex vivo pressure-inflation testing showed no difference between groups in either model, histology revealed reduced calcium deposits in the PGG treatment group with the CaCl2 model. These findings highlight the continued need for improved understanding of PGG’s effects on the extracellular matrix and suggest that PGG may reduce arterial calcium accumulation.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Therapy in Three Subjects with the Cystic Fibrosis Genotype Phe508del/Unknown and Advanced Lung Disease

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1178
Author(s):  
Vito Terlizzi ◽  
Carmela Colangelo ◽  
Giovanni Marsicovetere ◽  
Michele D’Andria ◽  
Michela Francalanci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Response ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Sweat Chloride ◽  
Access Program ◽  
Minute Walk

We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) in three subjects carrying the Phe508del/unknown CFTR genotype. An ex vivo analysis on nasal epithelial cells (NEC) indicated a significant improvement of CFTR gating activity after the treatment. Three patients were enrolled in an ELX/TEZ/IVA managed-access program, including subjects with the highest percent predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in the 1st second (ppFEV1) < 40 in the preceding 3 months. Data were collected at baseline and after 8, 12 and 24 weeks of follow-up during treatment. All patients showed a considerable decrease of sweat chloride (i.e., meanly about 60 mmol/L as compared to baseline), relevant improvement of ppFEV1 (i.e., >8) and six-minute walk test, and an increase in body mass index after the first 8 weeks of treatment. No pulmonary exacerbations occurred during the 24 weeks of treatment and all domains of the CF Questionnaire-Revised improved. No safety concerns related to the treatment occurred. This study demonstrates the benefit from the ELX/TEZ/IVA treatment in patients with CF with the Phe508del and one unidentified CFTR variant. The preliminary ex vivo analysis of the drug response on NEC helps to predict the in vivo therapeutic endpoints.

scholarly journals Generation and Evaluation of Novel Biomaterials Based on Decellularized Sturgeon Cartilage for Use in Tissue Engineering

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 775
Author(s):  
Olimpia Ortiz-Arrabal ◽  
Ramón Carmona ◽  
Óscar-Darío García-García ◽  
Jesús Chato-Astrain ◽  
David Sánchez-Porras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product ◽  
Advanced Therapy ◽  
Novel Scaffold

Because cartilage has limited regenerative capability, a fully efficient advanced therapy medicinal product is needed to treat severe cartilage damage. We evaluated a novel biomaterial obtained by decellularizing sturgeon chondral endoskeleton tissue for use in cartilage tissue engineering. In silico analysis suggested high homology between human and sturgeon collagen proteins, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography confirmed that both types of cartilage consisted mainly of the same amino acids. Decellularized sturgeon cartilage was recellularized with human chondrocytes and four types of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and their suitability for generating a cartilage substitute was assessed ex vivo and in vivo. The results supported the biocompatibility of the novel scaffold, as well as its ability to sustain cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. In vivo assays showed that the MSC cells in grafted cartilage disks were biosynthetically active and able to remodel the extracellular matrix of cartilage substitutes, with the production of type II collagen and other relevant components, especially when adipose tissue MSC were used. In addition, these cartilage substitutes triggered a pro-regenerative reaction mediated by CD206-positive M2 macrophages. These preliminary results warrant further research to characterize in greater detail the potential clinical translation of these novel cartilage substitutes.

Abstract 245: Non-Invasive in vivo Assessment of the Re-Endothelialization Process Using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy in the Rat Carotid Artery Balloon Injury Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Röhl ◽  
Linnea Eriksson ◽  
Robert Saxelin ◽  
Mariette Lengquist ◽  
Kenneth Caidahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Balloon Injury ◽  
En Face ◽  
In Vivo Assessment ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Objective: Ultrasound BioMicroscopy (UBM), or high-frequency ultrasound, is a novel technique used for assessment of anatomy and physiology small research animals. In this study, we evaluate the UBM assessment of the re-endothelialization process following denudation of the carotid artery in rats. Methods: Ultrasound BioMicroscopy data from three different experiments were analyzed. A total of 66 rats of three different strains (Sprague-Dawley, Wistar and Goto-Kakizaki) were included in this study. All animals were subjected to common carotid artery balloon injury and examined with UBM 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Re-endothelialization in UBM was measured as the length from the carotid bifurcation to the distal edge of the intimal hyperplasia. En face staining with Evans-blue dye was performed upon euthanization at 4 weeks after injury followed by tissue harvest for morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Results: A significant correlation (Spearman r=0.63,p<0.0001) and an agreement according to Bland-Altman test was identified when comparing all measurements of re-endothelialization in high frequency ultrasound and en face staining. Analysis by animal strain revealed a similar pattern and a significant growth in re-endothelialization length measured in UBM from 2 to 4 weeks could be identified. Immunohistochemical staining for von Willebrand factor confirmed the presence of endothelium in the areas detected as re-endothelialized by the ultrasound assessment. Conclusion: Ultrasound BioMicroscopy can be used for longitudinal in vivo assessment of the re-endothelialization following arterial injury in rats.

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