Basal Testosterone Renders Individuals More Receptive to Minority Positions

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062094511
Author(s):  
Markus Germar ◽  
Andreas Mojzisch
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Total N ◽  
Minority Influence ◽  
Status Seeking ◽  
Innovation And Change ◽  
Majority Influence

Social influence is an inevitable part of human social interaction. Although past research has demonstrated that testosterone has a key role in social interaction, no study has examined its role in social influence so far. Building on previous research showing that minority positions are perceived as risky options and that testosterone is positively associated with status seeking and risk-taking, we hypothesized that basal testosterone renders individuals more receptive to minority positions. In two studies, participants (total N = 250) read messages that were supported by either a numerical majority or minority. As hypothesized, individuals’ levels of basal testosterone were positively related to susceptibility to minority influence. In contrast, susceptibility to majority influence was unaffected by basal testosterone. Given the importance of minorities for innovation and change within societies, our results suggest that individuals with high levels of testosterone may play an important role as catalysts of social change.

Incidental Similarity Facilitates Behavioral Mimicry

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Guéguen ◽  
Angélique Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Similarity Condition ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Social ◽  
Behavioral Mimicry

Research has shown that mimicry increases the social influence of the mimicker and leads to greater liking of the mimicker. It has been proposed that mimicry is exhibited to create affiliation and rapport during social interaction. In two experiments (total N = 95) we manipulated the role of incidental similarity between two individuals on mimicry behavior. Undergraduates who believed they had (vs. did not have) the same first name (Study 1) or same subject of study (Study 2) as a target presented on videotape were more likely to mimic the target’s nonverbal behavior. Results support the notion that mimicry helps to create affiliation and rapport because the desire to build such a relationship is higher in the similarity condition.

Adolescents’ Future Negative Time Perspective and Risk-Taking Behaviors: The Roles of Coping Styles and Self-Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Dou ◽  
Ming-Chen Zhang ◽  
Yue Liang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Total N ◽  
Negative Coping ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Negative Time

The association between future time perspective and risk-taking behaviors has received extensive empirical attention. However, the underlying mechanism that links future negative time perspective to risk-taking behaviors are complex and not well-understood. To address this gap, we adopted a longitudinal design examined the association between FNTP and risk-taking behaviors, and the roles of coping styles and self-control in this association among Chinese adolescents (total N = 581, 46.3% females). Results showed that FNTP at wave 1 predicted risk-taking behavior at wave 3 via positive and negative coping styles at wave 2. Furthermore, adolescents with low self-control and used negative coping strategies prefer to engage in risk-taking behaviors as compared to their high self-control counterparts. Taken together, these research findings underscore the importance of considering influence of the future negative time perspective on adolescents’ risk-taking behaviors, and provided important implications for developing the preventions and interventions for reducing adolescents’ risk-taking behaviors.

scholarly journals Whites for racial justice: How contact with Black Americans predicts support for collective action among White Americans

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema Preya Selvanathan ◽  
Pirathat Techakesari ◽  
Linda R. Tropp ◽  
Fiona Kate Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Group Efficacy ◽  
Total N ◽  
Group Members ◽  
White Guilt

Advantaged group members have an important role to play in creating social change, and intergroup contact has tremendous implications in shaping intergroup relations. However, little research has examined how intergroup contact predicts advantaged group members’ inclinations toward collective action to support the interests of disadvantaged groups. The present research investigates how contact with Black Americans shapes White Americans’ willingness to engage in collective action for racial justice and support for the Black Lives Matter movement. Three studies of White Americans (total N = 821) consistently reveal that positive contact with Black Americans predicts greater support for collective action through a sequential process of fostering greater feelings of empathy for Black Americans and anger over injustice. These findings hold even when taking into account other relevant psychological factors (i.e., White guilt and identification, negative contact, group efficacy, and moral convictions). The present research contributes to our understanding of how advantaged group members come to engage in social change efforts.

Motives for social Influence after social change: Are new majorities power hungry?

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Niels Christensen ◽  
Radmila Prislin ◽  
Elizabeth Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Influence

The Archaeology of Vanuatu

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Bedford ◽  
Matthew Spriggs
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Far East ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Initial Settlement ◽  
Colonization Patterns ◽  
Human Colonization ◽  
Resident Populations

The more than 1,000-kilometer stretch of eighty-two inhabited islands comprising the Vanuatu archipelago is centrally situated in the southwest Pacific. These islands were first settled in the late Holocene by Lapita colonists as part of a rapid migratory event that travelled as far east as Tonga. Over three millennia Vanuatu has transformed into an extraordinarily diverse country both linguistically and culturally. The challenge to archaeology is to explain how such diversity has arisen. This chapter addresses a range of themes that are central to the definition and understanding of the timing and nature of initial settlement, levels of interconnectedness, cultural transformation and diversification, human impact on pristine environments, and impacts of natural hazards on resident populations. Vanuatu research contributes to regional debates on human colonization, patterns of social interaction, and the drivers of social change in island contexts.

A Validation Study of the Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gullone ◽  
Jacqueline Paul ◽  
Susan M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Parent Attachment ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Risk Beliefs ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Adolescent Risk

AbstractThe Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire (ARQ) was developed to comprehensively assess adolescent risk-taking beliefs and behaviours. Research has shown that it is a reliable instrument with strong construct validity. The current study investigated the convergent and discriminant validity of the ARQ by comparing responses of a sample of 52 male adolescents from a juvenile justice centre and 211 school-attending male adolescents. Consistent with past research, the juvenile justice centre youth reported significantly higher levels of depression and less optimal levels of parent attachment compared to school-attending youth. Convergent validity of the ARQ was demonstrated through significant relationships between attachment and risk-taking. Specifically, those adolescents with less optimal parent attachment were more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviour and were less likely to perceive the behaviours included in the ARQ as risky compared to those with more optimal levels of parent attachment. Discriminant validity of the ARQ was demonstrated through significant differences between the two groups on risk beliefs and behaviours. Responses on the ARQ indicated that youth from the juvenile justice centre were significantly more likely to engage in risky behaviours, if given the opportunity, than school-based youth. They also perceived the behaviours to be less risky. It was concluded that the ARQ has good convergent and discriminant validity.

scholarly journals A status-seeking account of psychological entitlement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Lange ◽  
Liz Redford ◽  
Jan Crusius
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Status Attainment ◽  
High Status ◽  
Total N ◽  
Psychological Entitlement ◽  
Malicious Envy ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Status Seeking

We propose that people high in entitlement are characterized by motivation to attain status. Five studies (total N = 2,372) support that entitlement promotes motivation to seek status. This motivation, in turn, relates to affective processes when facing upward comparisons and contributes to status attainment. Specifically, entitlement fostered prestige and dominance motivation. These, in turn, predicted greater benign and malicious envy, respectively, when encountering high-status others. The indirect effects occurred when entitlement was measured (Studies 1A and 1B) and manipulated (Study 2A and 2B). Finally, entitlement related to status attainment, yet not always in line with more entitled people’s motivation. Although they ascribed themselves both more prestige and dominance, others ascribed them only more dominance, yet less prestige (Studies 3A, 3B, and 3C). These findings suggest that a status-seeking account offers important insights into the complexities of entitled behavior and its social consequences.

scholarly journals “Third-Wave” Coffeehouses as Venues for Sociality: On Encounters between Employees and Customers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Manzo
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Public Meeting ◽  
Work World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Commercial Landscape

Contemporary social life is often depicted, in and out of the social sciences, as an ever-worsening subterfuge of alienation, ennui, and the systematic destruction of traditional, human-scaled, publicly-accessible, “organic” sociality that people once enjoyed. In this paper I do not contend that these trends in our social and commercial landscape are not happening. I will instead contend that conventional face-to-face sociability thrives even in the face of the loss of many traditional public meeting places. My focus in this piece is on social interaction in independent cafes that are known, and that self-identify, as what coffee connoisseurs term “third-wave” coffeehouses. Deploying the analytic perspective of ethnomethodology, which prioritizes and problematizes the observed and reported lived experiences of research subjects, I argue not only that “authentic” sociality flourishes in these spaces but I also consider the role of shop employees—baristas—in them and uncover their perceptions concerning social interaction between themselves and customers. As such I not only question prevailing understandings about the “death” of traditional sociability but also add to past research on the coffeehouse as social form by problematizing, for the first time, the work world of the baristas and their interactions with customers.

Reimagining the cartographic nation: In praise of risk taking

2021 ◽  
pp. 204382062110445
Author(s):  
Valentina Carraro
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Eve Sedgwick ◽  
Positive Social Change ◽  
Normative Dimension

I read Rossetto and Lo Presti's article, ‘Reimagining the National Map’, as an invitation to develop what I call, following Eve Sedgwick, a reparative study of national cartographies. In this commentary, I enthusiastically support their call but also argue for the need to move from an appreciation of maps’ fundamental instability to a more daring engagement with the normative dimension of national mapping. Like many scholars working from a post-representational perspective, Rossetto and Lo Presti associate the fundamental dynamism and contingency of maps with (potential) positive social change and, more specifically, the development of multicultural national imaginaries. I suggest that these associations deserve further scrutiny and argue that change and ‘everydayness’ may offer a starting point, but not a basis for progressive national mappings. Finally, drawing on the thought-provoking examples presented by Rossetto and Lo Presti, I reflect on what principles and practices could guide a progressive national cartography of Italy in 2021.

The Potential of Gamification for Humanitarian Organizations to Support Integration in Migration Contexts

2022 ◽  
pp. 381-397
Author(s):  
Marvin Jammermann ◽  
Beybin Elvin Tunc
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Democratic Spaces

The aim of this chapter is to explore the connections between the inherent characteristics of gamification and the current need for sustainable integration activities that are based on meaningful social interactions. By highlighting the potential of gamification for creating democratic spaces of social interaction and engaging diverse actors in joyful encounters, it is possible to underline the notion of social change that gamification can induce. In the area of integration, humanitarian organizations can harness the potential of gamification in their integration activities in order to ensure increased social cohesion. Through a critical analysis of existing gamification and integration approaches, the chapter provides arguments for why gamification is perfectly suited to improve integration processes by highlighting the manifold applications of gamification experience in the humanitarian field.

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