scholarly journals Nomenclature and clinical phenotypes of atopic dermatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062232110029
Author(s):  
Giampiero Girolomoni ◽  
Marjolein de Bruin-Weller ◽  
Valeria Aoki ◽  
Kenji Kabashima ◽  
Mette Deleuran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Treatment Choice ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Phenotype Identification ◽  
Selection Of

Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease and resists classification. In this review, we discuss atopic dermatitis nomenclature and identify morphologic phenotypes, which will facilitate correct diagnoses and development of treatment strategies. We support using the term ‘atopic dermatitis’ rather than eczema, because it describes the allergic background and inflammation (‘itis’) as drivers of the disease. Atopic dermatitis has many morphologic manifestations that vary by topographic area affected, age, or race and require consideration in differential diagnosis. Different phenotypes based on morphology and topographic location, ethnicity, and age are discussed. A better-defined phenotype identification for atopic dermatitis will facilitate earlier and correct diagnosis of this complex condition and inform selection of the most appropriate treatment choice in an era in which targeted therapies may generate more individualized patient care.

scholarly journals A New Classification of Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid S. Al-Fouzan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Classification ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
Endodontic Disease

The interrelationship between periodontal and endodontic disease has always aroused confusion, queries, and controversy. Differentiating between a periodontal and an endodontic problem can be difficult. A symptomatic tooth may have pain of periodontal and/or pulpal origin. The nature of that pain is often the first clue in determining the etiology of such a problem. Radiographic and clinical evaluation can help clarify the nature of the problem. In some cases, the influence of pulpal pathology may cause the periodontal involvement and vice versa. The simultaneous existence of pulpal problems and inflammatory periodontal disease can complicate diagnosis and treatment planning. An endo-perio lesion can have a varied pathogenesis which ranges from simple to relatively complex one. The differential diagnosis of endodontic and periodontal diseases can sometimes be difficult, but it is of vital importance to make a correct diagnosis for providing the appropriate treatment. This paper aims to discuss a modified clinical classification to be considered for accurately diagnosing and treating endo-perio lesion.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of dental fluorosis made by undergraduate dental students

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-554
Author(s):  
Lilian Rigo ◽  
Leodinei Lodi ◽  
Raíssa Rigo Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Major Difficulty ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Severity Degree ◽  
Surface Changes

ABSTRACT Objective To check knowledge of undergraduate dental students to make diagnosis of dental fluorosis with varying degrees of severity and choose its appropriate treatment. Methods Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire addressing knowledge of undergraduates based on ten images of mouths presenting enamel changes. Results Only three images were correctly diagnosed by most undergraduates; the major difficulty was in establishing dental fluorosis severity degree. Conclusion Despite much information about fluorosis conveyed during the Dentistry training, as defined in the course syllabus, a significant part of the students was not able to differentiate it from other lesions; they did not demonstrate expertise as to defining severity of fluorosis and indications for treatment, and could not make the correct diagnosis of enamel surface changes.

scholarly journals Neonatal cardiac hypertrophy: the role of hyperinsulinism—a review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina D. Paauw ◽  
Raymond Stegeman ◽  
Monique A. M. J. de Vroede ◽  
Jacqueline U. M. Termote ◽  
Matthias W. Freund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Congenital Hyperinsulinism ◽  
Therapeutic Consequences ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination ◽  
Hypertrophy Of Heart ◽  
Neonates And Infants

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in neonates is a rare and heterogeneous disorder which is characterized by hypertrophy of heart with histological and functional disruption of the myocardial structure/composition. The prognosis of HCM depends on the underlying diagnosis. In this review, we emphasize the importance to consider hyperinsulinism in the differential diagnosis of HCM, as hyperinsulinism is widely associated with cardiac hypertrophy (CH) which cannot be distinguished from HCM on echocardiographic examination. We supply an overview of the incidence and treatment strategies of neonatal CH in a broad spectrum of hyperinsulinemic diseases. Reviewing the literature, we found that CH is reported in 13 to 44% of infants of diabetic mothers, in approximately 40% of infants with congenital hyperinsulinism, in 61% of infants with leprechaunism and in 48 to 61% of the patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy. The correct diagnosis is of importance since there is a large variation in prognoses and there are various strategies to treat CH in hyperinsulinemic diseases.Conclusion: The relationship between CH and hyperinsulism has implications for clinical practice as it might help to establish the correct diagnosis in neonates with cardiac hypertrophy which has both prognostic and therapeutic consequences. In addition, CH should be recognized as a potential comorbidity which might necessitate treatment in all neonates with known hyperinsulinism.What is Known:• Hyperinsulinism is currently not acknowledged as a cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in textbooks and recent Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry publications.What is New:• This article presents an overview of the literature of hyperinsulinism in neonates and infants showing that hyperinsulinism is associated with cardiac hypertrophy (CH) in a broad range of hyperinsulinemic diseases.• As CH cannot be distinguished from HCM on echocardiographic examination, we emphasize the importance to consider hyperinsulinism in the differential diagnosis of HCM/CH as establishing the correct diagnosis has both prognostic and therapeutic consequences.

scholarly journals The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment and Treatment Strategies in Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Chen ◽  
Xiao Zheng ◽  
Changping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the second highest mortality rate among all cancers worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeting and other treatment methods have significantly prolonged the survival of patients with CRC. Recently, the emergence of tumor immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has brought new immunotherapy options for the treatment of advanced CRC. As the efficacy of ICIs is closely related to the tumor immune microenvironment (TME), it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the immune microenvironment of CRC and the efficacy of immunotherapy to ensure that the appropriate drugs are selected. We herein review the latest research progress in the immune microenvironment and strategies related to immunotherapy for CRC. We hope that this review helps in the selection of appropriate treatment strategies for CRC patients.

scholarly journals Clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in young children

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
A. S. Botkinа ◽  
M. I. Dubrovskaya ◽  
A. B. Moiseev ◽  
E. E. Vartapetova
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
Selection Of

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common dermatological diseases in infants and young children. The disease is characterized by a chronic recurrent course with itching, erythema, lichenification and desquamation. Typical cases are diagnosed on the clinically available diagnostic criteria. However, similar clinical manifestations are found in a number of other diseases that can simulate, accompany or complicate the course of atopic dermatitis. They include inflammatory skin conditions, infections, parasitic diseases, genodermatoses, immunodeficiencies and malignancies, as well as nutritional disorders, graft-versus-host disease, and drug disease. Knowledge of the spectrum of these diseases and their distinctive features is crucial for the correct and timely diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, the selection of the optimal treatment.

Apparent Proteinuria as a Consequence of Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
DAN WECHSLER ◽  
LAURA IBSEN ◽  
PATRICIA FOSARELLI
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Laboratory Screening ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Careful History

An infant who is brought to an emergency department with vague symptoms poses a difficult problem for the pediatrician. The presence of specific findings on laboratory screening tests often helps to narrow the differential diagnosis, enabling appropriate treatment. Unexpected laboratory results, however, may lead the physician astray in making the correct diagnosis. It is important to interpret laboratory results within the context of the entire clinical picture and to keep in mind the limitations of certain of these tests. We report a case of apparent proteinuria in a 7-week-old infant caused by the addition of baking soda to his formula, and point out that careful history-taking may help to avoid an extensive diagnostic workup.

Non-invasive ultrasound-based imaging of atherosclerosis

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Kaspar ◽  
Iris Baumgartner ◽  
Daniel Staub ◽  
Heinz Drexel ◽  
Christoph Thalhammer
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Grey Scale ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Abstract. Early detection of vascular damage in atherosclerosis and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk factors are the basis for appropriate treatment strategies in cardiovascular medicine. The current review focuses on non-invasive ultrasound-based methods for imaging of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an accepted early manifestation of atherosclerosis. The most widely used technique to study endothelial function is non-invasive, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery under high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Although an increased intima-media thickness value is associated with future cardiovascular events in several large population studies, systematic use is not recommended in clinical practice for risk assessment of individual persons. Carotid plaque analysis with grey-scale median, 3-D ultrasound or contrast-enhanced ultrasound are promising techniques for further scientific work in prevention and therapy of generalized atherosclerosis.

Building an Expert Critiquing System: ESSENTIAL-ATTENDING

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
System Building ◽  
Building System ◽  
Critiquing Systems

SummaryThis paper describes a “system-building system”, ESSENTIAL-ATTENDING (E-ATTEND-ING), designed to assist in the implementation of expert systems which critique a physician’s plan for patient care. E-ATTENDING has been refined during the implementation of several developmental critiquing systems and may be applied in areas of medical management, patient workup, and differential diagnosis. E-ATTENDING is currently designed to help implement a class of critiquing systems in a subset of possible critiquing domains. It can also be augmented in various ways by interested users to accommodate critiquing domains with more complexity.

Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Sub-fertile Woman Attending to GOPD in ShSMCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Jinnat Ara Islam ◽  
Fatema Ashraf ◽  
Eva Rani Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fertile Women

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition characterized by menstrual abnormalities (oligo/amenorrhea) and clinical or biochemical features of hyperandrogenism and may manifest at any age. It is a common cause of female subfertility. All the dimensions of PCOS have not been yet completely explored. Methods: It was a cross sectional comparative study carried out at-GOPD of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital from January, 2016 to December 2016 on 162 subfertile women. Among them 54 were PCOS group and 108 were non PCOS group. PCOS was diagnosed by (Rotterdam criteria 2003) (i) Oligo or anovulation (ii) hyperandrogenism (iii) Polycystic ovaries. Study was done to evaluate and compare the demographic characteristics, clinical, biochemical and ultrasoundgraphic features of sub-fertile women with and without PCOS. Results: A total of 162 sub-fertile women aged 16-36 years. Mean age was 29.5±5.4. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of (oligo/amenorrhea), hirsutism, WHR and ovarian ultrasound features. There were no significant differences between two groups in correlations between the level of obesity with the incidence of anovulation, hyperandrogenism or with hormonal features. Conclusion: PCOS is one of the important factors causing Infertility. It is an ill-defined symptom complex needed due attention. There is a need to increase awareness regarding. The clinical features of PCOS are heterogenous thus can be investigated accordingly of selection of appropriate treatment modality. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 17-23

Can conversation analytic findings help with differential diagnosis in routine seizure clinic interactions?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Ekberg ◽  
Markus Reuber
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Routine Clinical Setting ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Transient Loss ◽  
Factual Content ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
Linguistic Methods

There are many areas in medicine in which the diagnosis poses significant difficulties and depends essentially on the clinician’s ability to take and interpret the patient’s history. The differential diagnosis of transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) is one such example, in particular the distinction between epilepsy and ‘psychogenic’ non-epileptic seizures (NES) is often difficult. A correct diagnosis is crucial because it determines the choice of treatment. Diagnosis is typically reliant on patients’ (and witnesses’) descriptions; however, conventional methods of history-taking focusing on the factual content of these descriptions are associated with relatively high rates of diagnostic errors. The use of linguistic methods (particularly conversation analysis) in research settings has demonstrated that these approaches can provide hints likely to be useful in the differentiation of epileptic and non-epileptic seizures. This paper explores to what extent (and under which conditions) the findings of these previous studies could be transposed from a research into a routine clinical setting.

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