scholarly journals Clonazepam-induced liver dysfunction, severe hyperlipidaemia, and hyperglycaemic crisis: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1984297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyako Kishimoto ◽  
Masayuki Adachi ◽  
Koichi Takahashi ◽  
Kazushige Washizaki
Keyword(s):  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorder ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Level

In this study, we report a case of a 50-year-old Japanese man who had chronic whiplash-associated disorder, hyperlipidaemia, hyperuricacidaemia, and mild liver dysfunction due to excessive alcohol intake. Recently, he developed mild tremor in his left hand. Initiation of clonazepam (0.5 mg once daily before bedtime) helped to gradually ameliorate the tremor. However, 13 days after clonazepam initiation, his liver function and lipid profiles aggravated, and his postprandial glucose level increased to 400 mg/dL. Clonazepam was stopped promptly, and at 7 days after discontinuation, the abnormal triglyceride levels, liver dysfunction, and glycometabolism improved without any other medical intervention. This case may provide information on cautious use of clonazepam. When clonazepam is used for patients with existing hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunction, it may cause abnormal lipid profile, aggravate liver dysfunction, and lead to remarkable glucose elevation.

scholarly journals Effective Control of Postprandial Glucose Level through Inhibition of Intestinal Alpha Glucosidase byCymbopogon martinii(Roxb.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Ghadyale ◽  
Shrihari Takalikar ◽  
Vivek Haldavnekar ◽  
Akalpita Arvindekar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Level

Inhibition of intestinal alpha glucosidase plays a major role in preventing rise in postprandial glucose level in diabetics.Cymbopogon martinii(CM) (family Poaceae) is used in traditional Indian medicine in treatment of diabetes mellitus. The alpha glucosidase inhibitory action of the plant is studied. The active component was separated using hot water extraction of the whole plant powder, differential solvent extraction, and silica gel column chromatography. The 30 : 70 toluene : ethyl acetate fraction showed optimum activity. The silica gel chromatography fraction demonstrated 98, 98, and 68% inhibition for starch, maltose, and sucrose, respectively, at 5 mg/kg body weight of rats. Intestinal absorption studies using noneverted intestinal sacs, as well as in vivo studies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using oral glucose tolerance with maltose and sucrose load, revealed better inhibition of alpha glucosidase as compared to acarbose. Kinetic studies using Lineweaver Burk plot showed mixed to noncompetitive type of inhibition by CM. In vivo studies with maltose load of 2 mg and 3 mg/gm body weight showed a noncompetitive pattern of inhibition at 5 mg/kg body weight of CM as against 60 mg/kg body weight of acarbose. Thus CM is more effective alpha glucosidase inhibitor and at lower concentration than acarbose.

scholarly journals Morphology of Cervical Spine Meniscoids in Individuals With Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder: A Case-Control Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 902-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F. Farrell ◽  
Peter G. Osmotherly ◽  
Jon Cornwall ◽  
Peter Lau ◽  
Darren A. Rivett
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorder ◽  
Control Study

Measures of central hyperexcitability in chronic whiplash associated disorder – A systematic review and meta-analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Stone ◽  
Bill Vicenzino ◽  
Edwin C.W. Lim ◽  
Michele Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorder

scholarly journals Correlations between Ratings of Pain, Disability and Impairment in Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Physical Impairment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Disability Rating ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Neck Disability ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorder

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the level of correlation among pain, disability and physical impairment scores in chronic whiplash-associated disorder patients.SUBJECTS: Adults with chronic whiplash-associated disorder referred for secondary independent assessment.METHODS: Forty-four subjects (16 males, 28 females) were included in the sample. Self-rated pain was measured on a five-point verbal rating scale. Self-rated disability was measured using the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the Disability Rating Index (DRI). Physical impairment was measured as active cervical ranges of motion obtained with a cap goniometer. Descriptive statistics were reported and Pearson product moment correlations were obtained with the P value at 0.01.RESULTS: Mean ± SD age of the subjects was 36.4±8.7 years. Mean duration of complaint was 15.2±12.3 months. Mean pain score out of 5 was 2.5±1.2. Mean NDI and DRI scores were 23.2±9.3 out of 50 and 21.6±9.1 out of 48, respectively. These scores correlated very highly (r=0.89, P=0.0001). The average reduction of ranges of motion compared with published norms was approximately 25%. The correlations among ranges of motion, NDI, DRI and pain scores ranged from -0.32 to -0.66 (P<0.05 to P=0.0001). Age and duration of complaint correlated poorly with ranges of motion.CONCLUSIONS: The self-ratings of pain and disability obtained from these chronic whiplash-associated disorder sufferers appear to be consistent with, and correlate reasonably well with, levels of physical impairment. Physical impairment ratings do not appear to correlate well with duration, which suggests that factors related to pain and physical impairment may play an important role in the development of chronicity in whiplash-associated disorder.

scholarly journals Tissue Hypoperfusion, Hypercoagulopathy, and Kidney and Liver Dysfunction after Ingestion of a Naphazoline-Containing Antiseptic

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Yuko Ono ◽  
Nozomi Ono ◽  
Kazuaki Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Tissue Hypoperfusion ◽  
First Case ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Agonist

Naphazoline is a peripheral α2-adrenergic receptor agonist commonly used as a topical decongestant. In Japan, over-the-counter antiseptics often contain naphazoline to effect local hemostasis. We present the first case involving the development of hypercoagulopathy, with kidney and liver dysfunction, following a naphazoline overdose. A 22-year-old Japanese woman with a history of depression ingested 160 mL of a commercially available antiseptic containing 0.1% naphazoline. Three days later, she was brought to the emergency department because of general fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. Physical examination revealed cool, pale extremities. Laboratory data showed evidence of severe kidney and liver dysfunction (creatinine, 9.2 mg/dL; alanine aminotransferase, 2948 IU/L), hypercoagulation (D-dimers, 58.3 μg/mL), and thrombocytopenia (platelet count, 90,000/μL). After infusion of normal saline, intravenous administration of alprostadil, and hemodiafiltration, her organ function completely recovered. Because both the kidney and liver express α2-adrenergic receptors, their failure was likely associated with naphazoline overdose-induced hypoperfusion. The most plausible causes of hypercoagulation are peripheral low perfusion and subsequent microthrombus formation. This case illustrates that severe organ dysfunction can occur following over-the-counter antiseptic ingestion and serves as a caution for both drug manufacturers and healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals Epidural Blood Patch Therapy for Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Ishikawa ◽  
Masataka Yokoyama ◽  
Satoshi Mizobuchi ◽  
Hidenori Hashimoto ◽  
Eiji Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Blood Patch ◽  
Blood Patch ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorder
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