scholarly journals Data ideologies of an interested public: A study of grassroots open government data intermediaries

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395171769075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Schrock ◽  
Gwen Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data ◽  
A Site ◽  
Institutional Actors

Government officials claim open data can improve internal and external communication and collaboration. These promises hinge on “data intermediaries”: extra-institutional actors that obtain, use, and translate data for the public. However, we know little about why these individuals might regard open data as a site of civic participation. In response, we draw on Ilana Gershon to conceptualize culturally situated and socially constructed perspectives on data, or “data ideologies.” This study employs mixed methodologies to examine why members of the public hold particular data ideologies and how they vary. In late 2015 the authors engaged the public through a commission in a diverse city of approximately 500,000. Qualitative data was collected from three public focus groups with residents. Simultaneously, we obtained quantitative data from surveys. Participants’ data ideologies varied based on how they perceived data to be useful for collaboration, tasks, and translations. Bucking the “geek” stereotype, only a minority of those surveyed (20%) were professional software developers or engineers. Although only a nascent movement, we argue open data intermediaries have important roles to play in a new political landscape.

Incentive mechanisms for government officials' implementing open government data in China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Ying Bi ◽  
Fei Kang ◽  
Zhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Senior Executives ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Data Policy ◽  
Government Data

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors influencing the behaviors of government officials during the implementation of open government data (OGD). By identifying and understanding the key factors that determine government officials' adoption of OGD in China, this study can create a valuable reference for other countries and their decision-making regarding government implementation of OGD.Design/methodology/approachThis research collected data by in-depth interviews with government officials in Chinese OGD departments. Through these interviews, the authors consulted 15 administrators from departments that are responsible for the information tasks in Beijing and other cities on their opinions about OGD. The authors also interviewed senior executives from information technology (IT) companies, as well as open data policy scholars from big data alliance and research institutions.FindingsThis paper provides insights about how to promote government officials in OGD implementation, including (1) strengthen social supervision for the environment, through developing and publishing OGD technology roadmaps, then attracting the public to actively participate in the implementing of OGD; (2) establish an OGD assessment mechanism for government officials, with bonus motivations, position promotion incentives, as well as spiritual incentives via regional or sector rankings; (3) alleviate the risks of officials' OGD decisions in actual practice, using the institution construction of OGD to guide its direction and strengthen security protection.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified need to study how government officials' behavior can be motivated on OGD implementation.

scholarly journals The Managerial Dimension of Open Data Success: Focusing on the Open Data Initiatives in Korean Local Governments

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim ◽  
Eom
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
The Public ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Resource Based Theory

Open government data (open data) initiatives have been at the forefront of the strategy to make more transparent, responsive, and accountable government, and thereby lead to open innovation across the public and private sector. Governments around the world often understand that open data is disclosing their data to the public as much as possible and that open data success is the result of a data and technology-related endeavor rather than the result of organizational, institutional, and environmental attributes. According to the resource-based theory, however, managerial capability to mobilize tangible and intangible resources and deploy them in adequate places or processes under the leadership of capable leaders during the information technology (IT) project is a core factor leading to organizational performance such as open data success. In this vein, this study aims to analyze managerial factors as drivers and challenges of open data success from the resource-based theory. Findings illustrate that managerial factors are the driving forces that often boost or hinder open data success when institutional, socio-economic, and demographic factors are controlled. Discussion illustrates theoretical and practical implications for the managerial factors as drivers and challenges of open data success in terms of the comparison between technological determinism and the socio-technical perspective.

Open Data from Authoritarian Regimes: New Opportunities, New Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ruth D. Carlitz ◽  
Rachael McLellan
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Open Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Public Data ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Government Data

Data availability has long been a challenge for scholars of authoritarian politics. However, the promotion of open government data—through voluntary initiatives such as the Open Government Partnership and soft conditionalities tied to foreign aid—has motivated many of the world’s more closed regimes to produce and publish fine-grained data on public goods provision, taxation, and more. While this has been a boon to scholars of autocracies, we argue that the politics of data production and dissemination in these countries create new challenges. Systematically missing or biased data may jeopardize research integrity and lead to false inferences. We provide evidence of such risks from Tanzania. The example also shows how data manipulation fits into the broader set of strategies that authoritarian leaders use to legitimate and prolong their rule. Comparing data released to the public on local tax revenues with verified internal figures, we find that the public data appear to significantly underestimate opposition performance. This can bias studies on local government capacity and risk parroting the party line in data form. We conclude by providing a framework that researchers can use to anticipate and detect manipulation in newly available data.

scholarly journals Acceptance, Quality and Trust Factors – Conceptual Model for Open Government Data Potential Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Noor Zalina Zainal ◽  
Husnayati Hussin ◽  
Mior Nasir Mior Nazri
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Is Success ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Trust Factors

– To implement Big Data extensively in the public sector, many governments around the world are taking their initiative to ensure that Open Government Data (OGD) is a success. Even though the governments had provided thousands of datasets in the open data website, the level of use of open government data is still a question that has not been resolved. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a new model of measuring the level of use of open government data. By integrating the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), IS Success Model (ISSM) and Trust factors, this new model perhaps can be a major contribution to the governments in ensuring that citizens are getting benefits from the datasets provided in the open data website.

scholarly journals Open Data and Evidence-based Socio-economic Policy Research in India: An overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelie Larquemin ◽  
Jyoti Prasad Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sharon Buteau
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data

Public entities are one of the main producers of socio-economic data around the world. The Open Government Data (OGD) movement encourages these entities to make their data publicly available in order to improve transparency and accountability, which may lead to good governance. Thus, OGD can promote evidence-based public policy by supporting empirical research through making quality data available. Hence, in this paper we discuss the current status of OGD initiative in India, how its principles are considered and applied by the public authorities, and the feedback of the research community about OGD in India.   Les institutions publiques sont parmi les principaux producteurs de données socio-économiques. Le mouvement « Données Gouvernementales ouvertes » les encourage et assiste parfois dans la mise à disposition de leurs données au public, pour améliorer la transparence, ce qui peut conduire à une meilleure gouvernance. Ainsi, les données ouvertes gouvernementales peuvent conduire à de meilleures politiques publiques basées sur leurs résultats en soutenant la recherche par la publication de données de qualité. Ce document traite de la situation des données ouvertes en Inde, leur publication et usage par les institutions publiques et par la communauté de recherche.   Las instituciones públicas son los principales productores de datos socio-económicos. El movimiento de " datos gubernamentales abiertos" alienta estas entidades de poner sus datos a disposición del público para mejorar la transparencia, y la gobernanza. Por lo tanto los datos gubernamentales abiertos pueden promover políticas públicas basadas en evidencia, mediante el apoyo a la investigación empírica a través de hacer datos de calidad disponibles.  En este trabajo se discute lo que es la realidad de los datos gubernamentales abiertos en la India, cómo sus principios están consideradas y aplicadas por las autoridades públicas y la comunidad de investigación.  

Creating value using public big data: comparison of driving factors from the provider's perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Yeon Cho ◽  
Bong Gyou Lee
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Government Data

PurposeThe revitalization of big data has gained attention in the public sector. However, such open government data (OGD) is facing major challenges with respect to data quality and limited use. To solve this problem, this study analyzes the factors driving the use of OGD from the perspective of data providers in the public sector.Design/methodology/approachUsing the analytic hierarchy process and analytic network process methodologies, the importance of the factors driving the use of big data in the public sector was ranked. In addition, the different characteristics of tasks among the departments in a public agency were compared based on expert interviews.FindingsThe factors driving OGD use are not only political environment or the technological environment. The importance of the institutional culture within the organization increases with the motivation of the data provider. The priorities of the OGD factors also depend on the objectives of the department involved.Originality/valueThis study provides implications for improving the publication of open data by analyzing the priorities of the factors driving its use from the perspective of big data providers. It focuses on different perceptions of the factors valued by public officials in charge of data in institutions. The results suggest the need to explore officials' perceptions of value creation in big data fields.

scholarly journals CROSS-BORDER OPEN DATA SHARING: GIOCONDA PROJECT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W14 ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
J. F. Toro ◽  
D. Carrion ◽  
A. Albertella ◽  
M. A. Brovelli
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Publishing ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Open Data, and Open Government Data, are proving to be an important resource for the economic development inside the domain where information has a key role (Carrara et al., 2015). Although, different practices for data publishing have led to misalignment, underuse and repetition of information (Bizer et al., 2011). For this reason, the Public Administrations have undergone efforts on integrating the information and promoting interoperability through the implementation of best practices, as for example, the use of a common semantics vocabulary for the metadata (DCAT) as proposed by the ISA2 programme of the European Commission. The Interreg Italy-Switzerland GIOCOnDA project has been proposed for enhancing the data sharing processes in the cross-border area, particularly addressing tourism and mobility that are key economic activities for the region. For this work, a review on the data catalogues published in dati.lombardia.it and opendata.swiss is presented. The revision of the datasets showed the need for: 1) defining common semantics for the description of the categories of data to avoid the arbitrary use of vocabularies, and 2) adopting standards for the description of geodata. On the other hand, it was observed the potential to gather existing information to produce geodata querying the datasets with specific keywords that can provide spatial information. Open data, as well as the use of best practices for publishing data, push towards the use of FOSS. In this work, Python has been exploited to analyse the content of the catalogues to access web portals resources.</p>

scholarly journals The Diffusion of ICT for Corruption Detection in Open Government Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darusalam Darusalam ◽  
Jamaliah Said ◽  
Normah Omar ◽  
Marijn Janssen ◽  
Kazi Sohag
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
The Public ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Government Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Insight Into

Corruption occurs in many places within the government. To tackle the issue, open data can be used as one of the tools in creating more insight into the government. The premise of this paper is to support the notion that data opening can bring up new ways of fighting corruption. The current paper aimed at investigating how open data can be employed to detect corruption. This open data is trivial due to challenges like information asymmetry among stakeholders, data might only be opened partly, different sources of data need to be combined, and data might not be easy to use, might be biased or even manipulated. The study was conducted using a literature review approach. The reviews implied that corruption can be detected using Open Government Data, Thus, by conducting the open data technique within the government, the public could monitor the activities of the governments. The practical contribution of this paper is expected to assist the government in detecting corruption by using a data-driven approach. Furthermore, the scientific contribution will originate from the development of a framework reference architecture to uncover corruption cases.

scholarly journals Smarter Open Government Data for Society 5.0: Are Your Open Data Smart Enough?

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5204
Author(s):  
Anastasija Nikiforova
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Data

Nowadays, governments launch open government data (OGD) portals that provide data that can be accessed and used by everyone for their own needs. Although the potential economic value of open (government) data is assessed in millions and billions, not all open data are reused. Moreover, the open (government) data initiative as well as users’ intent for open (government) data are changing continuously and today, in line with IoT and smart city trends, real-time data and sensor-generated data have higher interest for users. These “smarter” open (government) data are also considered to be one of the crucial drivers for the sustainable economy, and might have an impact on information and communication technology (ICT) innovation and become a creativity bridge in developing a new ecosystem in Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. The paper inspects OGD portals of 60 countries in order to understand the correspondence of their content to the Society 5.0 expectations. The paper provides a report on how much countries provide these data, focusing on some open (government) data success facilitating factors for both the portal in general and data sets of interest in particular. The presence of “smarter” data, their level of accessibility, availability, currency and timeliness, as well as support for users, are analyzed. The list of most competitive countries by data category are provided. This makes it possible to understand which OGD portals react to users’ needs, Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 request the opening and updating of data for their further potential reuse, which is essential in the digital data-driven world.

scholarly journals Geospatial Open Data Usage and Metadata Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Alfonso Quarati ◽  
Monica De Martino ◽  
Sergio Rosim
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Metadata Quality ◽  
Geospatial Datasets ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Determining Factor

The Open Government Data portals (OGD), thanks to the presence of thousands of geo-referenced datasets, containing spatial information are of extreme interest for any analysis or process relating to the territory. For this to happen, users must be enabled to access these datasets and reuse them. An element often considered as hindering the full dissemination of OGD data is the quality of their metadata. Starting from an experimental investigation conducted on over 160,000 geospatial datasets belonging to six national and international OGD portals, this work has as its first objective to provide an overview of the usage of these portals measured in terms of datasets views and downloads. Furthermore, to assess the possible influence of the quality of the metadata on the use of geospatial datasets, an assessment of the metadata for each dataset was carried out, and the correlation between these two variables was measured. The results obtained showed a significant underutilization of geospatial datasets and a generally poor quality of their metadata. In addition, a weak correlation was found between the use and quality of the metadata, not such as to assert with certainty that the latter is a determining factor of the former.

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