scholarly journals Music industry and copyright protection in the United States and China

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Herlihy ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Made In

From the standard economic rationale, music copyright supports the rights of authors and creators to exclude competitors and the public from accessing and copying their works to the extent necessary to provide incentive to recover the investment they made in creating those works. The necessary extent in music copyright is from the interplay of three historical drivers of copyright policy—technology (which makes things possible), the market (which gives rise to consumer demand and companies delivering goods and services to satisfy those consumers), and the law (which determines the rules of the road). Due to differences in cultural traditions and historical developments, these processes have been different for the United States and China. This “In Focus” report briefly explores intellectual property and music copyright in these two countries from an historical perspective, comments on their current state, and reflects on future directions.

scholarly journals TRADEMARK REGISTRATION IN BRAZIL, THE UNITED STATES AND PORTUGAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 485-501
Author(s):  
Ana Teresa Silva Neto ◽  
Suzana Russo Leitão
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
National Network ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trademark Registration ◽  
Made In

This article aims to understand, analyze and compare the procedures adopted in Brazil, the United States and Portugal to register a trademark. For this purpose, bibliographic research was carried out in the Web of Science and documentary research into the three official institutions of trademark registration, namely: INPI(Brazil), USPTO(United States) and INPI(Portugal). In order to understand the adopted procedures, a simulation of the trademark application was made in the e-Marcas (Brazil), TEAS (USA) and InpiOnline (Portugal) systems. In terms of navigability, the INPI (Portugal) InpiOnline System is the easiest to navigate and is the only one that offers the "Trademark on the Spot" service on its Portal, which allows for the immediate acquisition of a trademark without the need to go through the trademark application process. On the partnership issue, the USPTO (United States) has a support network with the Patent and Trademark Resource Centers (PTRC), which are part of the national network of public, state, and academic libraries designated to support the public with trademark and patent assistance. Among the main points in common, the following were identified: the availability of online systems for applying for trademark registration; the ease of conducting prior search in proprietary systems, and the use of the Nice classification to classify goods and services. Among the main differences are the estimated period to obtain the granting of the trademark registration; the types of trademarks allowed in each legislation; and the values of the fees to apply for a trademark registration.

The Telephone Problem and the Road to Telephone Regulation in the United States, 1876–1917

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey E. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Policy Outcome ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Telephone Companies ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Multiple Interest

Between 1876 and 1917, government philosophy toward telephone regulation began moving away from laissez-faire and toward some kind of involvement in economic affairs. However, while some early studies of regulation suggest business hostility to that policy, AT&T actively sought regulation, jogging government and the public in that direction. But this study is not just a restatement of the interest-group-capture theory, as offered by such economists as Stigler or historians as Kolko. Regulation resulted from the convergence of interests of many affected players, including residential and business telephone subscribers, the independent telephone companies that competed with AT&T, and the state and federal governments, as well as AT&T. I employ a multiple interest theory to account for telephone regulation, but unlike other studies using such a framework, I suggest that government is an independent actor with impact on the final policy outcome, and not merely an arena where private interests battle for control over policy outcomes, as is so common among other multiple interest studies of regulation.

The Transplant Nephrology Workforce in the United States: Current State and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-343.e1
Author(s):  
Beatrice P. Concepcion ◽  
Sami Alasfar ◽  
Swee-Ling Levea ◽  
Priyamvada Singh ◽  
Alexander Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State

scholarly journals Child Death Review: Past, Present, and Future

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reade A. Quinton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Child Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Child Death Review ◽  
Current State ◽  
Made In

This article describes the current state of child death reviews (CDR) in the United States. The CDR process has evolved over almost 40 years from informal local meetings to a coordinated effort involving all 50 states. Child death review programs across the country vary in the level of financial and administrative support, legislation, and review processes. While there is still a long way to go in standardizing the practice between states, great strides have been made in data collection, education, and prevention initiatives.

scholarly journals “Alchemy and smoke in a bottle” – contemporary improvisational theater in Poland and the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szuster
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dynamic Phenomenon ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Improvisational Theater ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject

The article is an attempt to capture improvisational theater as a modern dynamic phenomenon through analyzing its features, definitions and traits in order to characterize the genre and to systematize the current state of knowledge on the subject matter. By comparing and contrasting various aspects and notions of impro(v) in Poland and the United States, the study not only looks at the theater of improvisation through the prism of the “relocation” of the form from its original grounds and implementing it in within a different tradition, but also shows the experimental flexibility of the genre within different cultural traditions and structures. Based largely on interviews with Polish and American improvisers alike, this article is an in-medias-res case study of the contemporary improvised theater in Poland and the USA.

Speech-Language Pathology Assistants Current State of Affairs

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lemmietta McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
The Public ◽  
School Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Educational Requirements ◽  
State Of Affairs

Abstract The utilization of speech-language pathology assistants (SLPAs) is increasing in the United States particularly in the public schools. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association provides specific guidelines regarding the training, use, and supervision of (SLPAs; ASHA, 2004). The current state of affairs of SLPAs involves variable requirements across the states to qualify for SLPA credentials. The programs that educate SLPAs have variable technical and curricular requirements, and the educational requirements for regulating SLPAs also vary across the states. School-based SLPs continue to raise questions about the supervision requirements, funding, and reimbursement issues for working with SLPA in schools across the country.

Private Prisons in a New Environment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Camp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Prisons ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prison Populations ◽  
Public Versus Private

This chapter focuses on the current state of practice, policy, and research related to privately operated prisons in the United States. I begin with a brief overview of the history of the rapid growth in the private sector in the United States, followed by a discussion of costs of public versus private prisons. While costs are easily quantified, assigning the proper costs to the public and private sectors has presented much controversy in previous studies. The issue of quality of correctional services provided by public versus private prisons is also reviewed, given that there is little agreement on the type of measures that allow for fair comparisons of public and private prisons. The chapter concludes with thoughts on issues facing public and private prisons in an era marked by stability or decline as opposed to rapid growth in prison populations.

scholarly journals Copyright: Regulation Out of Line with our Digital Reality?

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail J. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Property Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
Library Community ◽  
Current State ◽  
Digital Library Services ◽  
Negative Impacts

This paper provides a brief overview of the current state of copyright law in the United States, focusing on the negative impacts of these policies on libraries and patrons. The article discusses four challenges current copyright law presents to libraries and the public in general, highlighting three concrete ways intellectual property law interferes with digital library services and systems. Finally, the author suggests that a greater emphasis on copyright literacy and a commitment among the library community to advocate for fairer policies is vital to correcting the imbalance between the interests of the public and those of copyright holders.

United States Of America (‘.us’)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Towns
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trademark Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trademark Infringement ◽  
Likelihood Of Confusion ◽  
The One

The standard for trademark infringement in the United States is ‘likelihood of confusion’. Under this standard trademark infringement occurs when, dependent on the attendant circumstances, two parties’ use of the same or similar mark with related goods and services would be likely to cause the public mistakenly to believe: (1) that the goods and services emanate from the same source; or (2) that the parties are in some manner affiliated or that the goods and services of one party have the sponsorship, endorsement, or approval of the other party. In either case, trademark law aims to protect the public from deceit, and to prevent the diversion of reputation and goodwill from the one who has created it to another who has not.

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