scholarly journals A pilot study of diffusion tensor imaging metrics and cognitive performance pre and post repetitive, intentional sub-concussive heading in soccer practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205970021988550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A Kenny ◽  
Chantel D Mayo ◽  
Samantha Kennedy ◽  
Aaron A Varga ◽  
Lynneth Stuart-Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sport Concussion ◽  
Within Subjects

Background Although soccer players routinely head the ball in practice and games, recent research has suggested that cumulative effects of repetitive heading may cause sub-concussive injury with accompanying effects on brain and behavior. The current study aimed to prospectively investigate the effects of repetitive, intentional heading in soccer practice on brain structure and cognitive function, using a within-subjects design. Methods Participants included 10 soccer players (mean age 20.09 years ± 2.88) who were examined immediately pre- and post-heading practice. An accelerometer was used to measure the force of the impact during soccer heading. Magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired on a 3 T GE Scanner with diffusion tensor imaging. Diffusion tensor imaging analyses were completed using functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain software library’s Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to examine changes in both fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity due to heading the soccer ball. Behavioral measures were also completed pre- and post-soccer heading and included the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool and three short-computerized executive function tasks; R studio was used to compare behavioral data within subjects. Results Accelerometer data revealed that none of the heading impacts were >10 g. At this level of impact, there were no significant pre–post heading differences in either fractional anisotropy or mean diffusivity. Additionally, aside from minimal practice effects, there were no significant differences in Sport Concussion Assessment Tool scores and no significant differences in the performance of the three executive function tasks pre–post heading. Conclusions The results provide initial evidence that repetitive heading in soccer practice, at a g force of 10, does not cause changes in brain structure or executive function. Future research should investigate heading in the context of games and with a greater sample size that would allow for sex-based comparisons.

Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in depressed multiple sclerosis patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Feinstein ◽  
P. O'Connor ◽  
N. Akbar ◽  
L. Moradzadeh ◽  
CJM Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter

Depression is common in patients with multiple sclerosis, but to date no studies have explored diffusion tensor imaging indices associated with mood change. This study aimed to determine cerebral correlates of depression in multiple sclerosis patients using diffusion tensor imaging. Sixty-two subjects with multiple sclerosis were assessed for depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Whole brain and regional volumes were calculated for lesions (hyper/hypointense) and normal-appearing white and grey matter. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were calculated for each brain region. Magnetic resonance imaging comparisons were undertaken between depressed (Beck Depression Inventory ≥19) and non-depressed subjects. Depressed subjects (n = 30) had a higher hypointense lesion volume in the right medial inferior frontal region, a smaller normal-appearing white matter volume in the left superior frontal region, and lower fractional anisotropy and higher mean diffusivity in the left anterior temporal normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter regions, respectively. Depressed subjects also had higher mean diffusivity in right inferior frontal hyperintense lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging variables contributed to 43% of the depression variance. We conclude that the presence of more marked diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in the normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter of depressed subjects highlights the importance of more subtle measures of structural brain change in the pathogenesis of depression.

scholarly journals Relationship between timed 25-foot walk and diffusion tensor imaging in multiple sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 205521731665536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Klineova ◽  
Rebecca Farber ◽  
Catarina Saiote ◽  
Colleen Farrell ◽  
Bradley N Delman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Diffusion

Objective/Background The majority of multiple sclerosis patients experience impaired walking ability, which impacts quality of life. Timed 25-foot walk is commonly used to gauge gait impairment but results can be broadly variable. Objective biological markers that correlate closely with patients’ disability are needed. Diffusion tensor imaging, quantifying fiber tract integrity, might provide such information. In this project we analyzed relationships between timed 25-foot walk, conventional and diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance imaging markers. Design/Methods A cohort of gait impaired multiple sclerosis patients underwent brain and cervical spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging. Diffusion tensor imaging mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy were measured on the brain corticospinal tracts and spinal restricted field of vision at C2/3. We analyzed relationships between baseline timed 25-foot walk, conventional and diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance imaging markers. Results Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between several magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging metrics and timed 25-foot walk: brain mean diffusivity corticospinal tracts (p = 0.004), brain corticospinal tracts axial and radial diffusivity (P = 0.004 and 0.02), grey matter volume (p = 0.05), white matter volume (p = 0.03) and normalized brain volume (P = 0.01). The linear regression model containing mean diffusivity corticospinal tracts and controlled for gait assistance was the best fit model (p = 0.004). Conclusions Our results suggest an association between diffusion tensor imaging metrics and gait impairment, evidenced by brain mean diffusivity corticospinal tracts and timed 25-foot walk.

scholarly journals Demyelination and remyelination detected in an alternative cuprizone mouse model of multiple sclerosis with 7.0 T multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Ding ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Xiaoya Chen ◽  
Silin Du ◽  
Yongliang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying demyelination and remyelination with 7.0 T multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an alternative cuprizone (CPZ) mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Sixty mice were divided into six groups (n = 10, each), and these groups were imaged with 7.0 T multiparameter MRI and treated with an alternative CPZ administration schedule. T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were used to compare the splenium of the corpus callosum (sCC) among the groups. Prussian blue and Luxol fast blue staining were performed to assess pathology. The correlations of the mean grayscale value (mGSV) of the pathology results and the MRI metrics were analyzed to evaluate the multiparameter MRI results. One-way ANOVA and post hoc comparison showed that the normalized T2WI (T2-nor), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) values were significantly different among the six groups, while the mean phase (Φ) value of SWI was not significantly different among the groups. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between the T2-nor and mGSV was higher than that among the other values. The correlations among the FA, RD, MD, and mGSV remained instructive. In conclusion, ultrahigh-field multiparameter MRI can reflect the pathological changes associated with and the underlying mechanisms of demyelination and remyelination in MS after the successful establishment of an acute CPZ-induced model.

scholarly journals Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5216
Author(s):  
Koji Kamagata ◽  
Christina Andica ◽  
Ayumi Kato ◽  
Yuya Saito ◽  
Wataru Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging

There has been an increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases with the rapid increase in aging societies worldwide. Biomarkers that can be used to detect pathological changes before the development of severe neuronal loss and consequently facilitate early intervention with disease-modifying therapeutic modalities are therefore urgently needed. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising tool that can be used to infer microstructural characteristics of the brain, such as microstructural integrity and complexity, as well as axonal density, order, and myelination, through the utilization of water molecules that are diffused within the tissue, with displacement at the micron scale. Diffusion tensor imaging is the most commonly used diffusion MRI technique to assess the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. However, diffusion tensor imaging has several limitations, and new technologies, including neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging, and free-water imaging, have been recently developed as approaches to overcome these constraints. This review provides an overview of these technologies and their potential as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and disease progression of major neurodegenerative diseases.

Changes in the corticospinal tract after wearing prosthesis in bilateral transtibial amputation

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-511
Author(s):  
Sang Yoon Lee ◽  
Si Hyun Kang ◽  
Don-Kyu Kim ◽  
Kyung Mook Seo ◽  
Hee Joon Ro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transtibial Amputation

Background:After amputation, the brain is known to be reorganized especially in the primary motor cortex. We report a case to show changes in the corticospinal tract in a patient with serial bilateral transtibial amputations using diffusion tensor imaging.Case Description and Methods:A 78-year-old man had a transtibial amputation on his left side in 2008 and he underwent a right transtibial amputation in 2011. An initial brain magnetic resonance imaging with a diffusion tensor imaging was performed before starting rehabilitation on his right transtibial prosthesis, and a follow-up magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion tensor imaging was performed 2 years after this.Findings and Outcomes:In the initial diffusion tensor imaging, the number of fiber lines in his right corticospinal tract was larger than that in his left corticospinal tract. At follow-up diffusion tensor imaging, there was no definite difference in the number of fiber lines between both corticospinal tracts.Conclusion:We found that side-to-side corticospinal tract differences were equalized after using bilateral prostheses.Clinical relevanceThis case report suggests that diffusion tensor imaging tractography could be a useful method to understand corticomotor reorganization after using prosthesis in transtibial amputation.

Abstract P59: Peak Width of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity Outperforms Other Diffusion Tensor Imaging Metrics as Biomarker for Cognition in Memory-Clinic Subjects With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Zanon Zotin ◽  
Dorothee Schoemaker ◽  
Valentina Perosa ◽  
Martin Bretzner ◽  
Lukas Sveikata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Peak Width ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid

Introduction: Peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) is a novel fully automated diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) marker that has been consistently associated with cognition in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) cohorts, including cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). We hypothesized that PSMD would be more strongly associated with cognitive performance compared to other conventional DTI metrics in our CAA sample. Methods: We recruited non-demented subjects with probable-CAA from a single-center memory-clinic cohort. We analyzed structural MRIs to compute a validated CAA burden score (0-6 points scale, based on the following MRI features: lobar microbleeds, superficial siderosis, perivascular spaces in centrum semiovale, and white matter hyperintensities). PSMD was obtained using a freely available script ( www.psmd-marker.com ). We used the same skeleton-mask to compute: mean of skeletonized mean diffusivity (mean MD) and mean of skeletonized fractional anisotropy (mean FA). We used linear regression analyses to explore relationships with CAA burden score and cognitive composite scores (processing speed, executive function, memory, and language - z-scores adjusted for age, sex and education level). Results: We included 43 subjects (mean age 74.4 ± 5.9 years; 48.8% female; PSMD median [IQR]: 4.05 [3.58 - 4.80] x 10 -4 mm 2 /s). In linear regression models adjusting for age, DTI metrics were significantly associated with CAA burden score (mean FA: β = -0.563, Adj. R 2 : 0.27; p < 0.001; mean MD: β = 0.581; Adj. R 2 : 0.32; p < 0.001; PSMD: β = 0.364, Adj. R 2 : 0.12; p = 0.018). PSMD was significantly associated with cognitive performance, specifically in the domains of executive function ( β = -0.568; Adj. R 2 : 0.25; p < 0.001) and processing speed ( β = -0.447; Adj. R 2 : 0.19; p = 0.004). Other DTI metrics were not significantly associated with cognitive scores. Conclusion: In this CAA sample, all DTI metrics were associated with CAA burden scores, however, only PSMD was significantly associated with cognition, in domains that are commonly affected in vascular cognitive impairment. Our results warrant confirmation in larger samples, but support PSMD as biomarker for cognition in CAA, outperforming other conventional DTI metrics.

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