scholarly journals Innovation and Human Development Perspectives in West Africa

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402098327
Author(s):  
Dominic E. Azuh ◽  
Jeremiah O. Ejemeyovwi ◽  
Queen Adiat ◽  
Babatunde A. Ayanda
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
University Industry ◽  
Adequate Research

Innovation during this era of globalization plays a crucial role in the growth and development of an economy. This study empirically investigates the role of research and development (innovation) on human development in West Africa (2004—2014). The estimation techniques utilized to carry out the objective are the standard variations of the Generalized least squares—Panel Fixed and Panel Random effects estimation techniques. The empirical results show that research and development in West Africa has a statistically significant positive impact on human development which emphasizes the potentials of human development to be harnessed by consistent research and development. The study recommends increased research and development (innovation) through adequate research and development funding and university-industry partnership for real human development problems to be solved.

scholarly journals CAREER GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: ROLE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION AMONG TEACHERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Bhaskar ◽  
Padmalosani Dayalan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to highlight the role of continuing education among the teachers of India. The study identifies factors which influence teachers in Higher education institutions (HEI) for continuing education. The paper also explores the impact of continuing education on career growth and development. A systematic survey was conducted among the teachers in Higher education institutions of Uttarakhand, India. Factor analysis is used to identify the important factors that influence teachers to enrol for continuing education. SPSS and AMOS are used to analyse the data. The findings of the study indicate that factors like time, financial support, job opportunities, knowledge, skills, and abilities play a detrimental role among teachers for continuing education. This study also reveals that continuing education has a positive impact on career growth and development of teachers. Continuing education helps the teachers to explore better career opportunities, provides job security, salary increment, and promotion which contributes to their professional growth and personality development. Continuing education in teachers demonstrates a significant role in the development of interpersonal skills, technical skills and inculcates self-confidence that contributes to their personal growth. The importance of paper increases amidst the COVID19 pandemic and the launch of the National Education Policy in India, as the paper will provide support to the Higher education institutes and Government to frame policies and strategies to imbibe continuing education as an integral part of the education system. The paper by enumerating its benefits, motivates the teachers to enhance their qualifications and enhance their future prospects.

scholarly journals Education and inclusive growth in West Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatosin Adeniyi ◽  
Patricia Iyore Ajayi ◽  
Abdulfatai Adekunle Adedeji
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

PurposeMany West African countries face the challenge of growth inclusiveness. The region is also facing challenges of equipping its teeming population with high-quality skills despite many reforms and initiatives introduced in the past. This study, thus, identifies education as a crucial contributory factor to growth inclusiveness in the region. It, therefore, examined the role of education in growth inclusiveness in West Africa between 1990 and 2017.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilised different proxies to capture quantity and quality dimensions of education. The unit root and ARDL “Bounds” tests were employed at a preliminary stage. Based on the preliminary tests, the study explored autoregressive distributed lags modelling technique to capture the short-run and long-run dynamic effects.FindingsThe empirical results reveal a positive impact of school enrolment measures in most of the countries in both short-run and long-run. Education quality measure exerts positive impact and significant in few countries under consideration.Practical implicationsThese countries should give adequate attention to quality when designing education policy to foster their inclusive growth.Originality/valueThis study highlights the critical role of education in the inclusive growth pursuit. Education quantity is important to growth inclusiveness but the quality of education is more fundamental. The quality of education possessed determine to a large extent, what individual can contribute to the productive activities within the economy and accessibility to benefits from economic prosperity.

Mediating role of research and development on entrepreneurial activities and growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa M. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent the level of human development affects the relationships between entrepreneurial activities (EAs) and total factor productivity (TFP). The paper's objectives are threefold. First, it seeks to examine the effect of EA on TFP. Second, it attempts to test for the moderating effect of human development on the relation between EA and TFP, using the generalized methods of moments (GMM), in a panel data across two groups of countries based on their human development index during the period 2000-2008. Third, it tests the causality between TFP, EA, research and development (R&D), unemployment and inflation across countries. Design/methodology/approach – Cross-countries study using a panel GMM for two groups of countries based on their human development index during the period 2000-2008. Findings – Empirical evidence provides that EA have a positive significant relation across countries on TFP in the higher human development levels. The outcomes point toward the role of policies supporting EA as a vital tool to accelerate development and growth via channels such as: better education levels, enhancing R&D, creating more jobs, and stable monetary policy. Research limitations/implications – From the paper limitation is it focusses only on very high human and high human development countries and not studying medium and low-development countries but this limitation is refereed to source of the entrepreneurship data. Practical implications – This paper provides a comparative analysis of the empirical results and presents prospective explanations for the observed relationships between different groups of countries to study the dynamics of change with relative short time series. Originality/value – The study is of value for policy makers of the important relation between levels of development among countries as engine to growth via EA. Moreover, the findings provide a set of policies for governments to undertake tenable actions to accelerate the effectiveness of the institutional setting.

scholarly journals The Effect of Research and Development Expenditures on Economic Growth: New Evidences

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ildırar ◽  
Mehmet Özmen ◽  
Erhan İşcan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Expenditure Data ◽  
Different Types

Research and Development (R&D) is one of the most important variables that affect the country’s economic growth and development through increasing the technology capabilities, enlargement of resource base and promoting in the capability of resource utilization. Countries that innovate by conducting R&D activities always have high economic growth and many researchers emphasized this prominent role of the R&D on economic growth in numerous studies. This study contributes in two ways to this stream of research. Providing new estimates of the effect of R&D expenditures on economic growth is the first contribution to literature. On the other hand, there are different types of R&D expenditures and each of them has different magnitude on the economic growth. Therefore, this study provides evidences about the magnitudes of R&D expenditures. The effect of different types of R&D expenditures on economic growth for the selected OECD countries is examined in this study by utilizing from GMM framework using the data belonging the period of 2003-2014. Income and different R&D expenditure data used to analyze that obtained from OECD Stat. As a conclusion, it is found that all of the R&D expenditures have positive and significant effect on economic growth in selected OECD countries but magnitudes are various. Therefore, policy makers should design the R&D stimulation policies depending on the characteristics of the countries. Accordingly, countries must allocate more resources to different types R&D expenditure for achieving sustainable rate of growth.

Cooperation and Competition

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Formica ◽  
Jay Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Cooperation And Competition ◽  
Business Ecosystems ◽  
Competitive Success ◽  
University Industry

The authors assess policies and strategies aimed at fostering the various types of innovation (organizational, infrastructural, technological) that are essential today for competitive success and local/regional economic prosperity. Central to the processes of innovation, and the consequent establishment of business ecosystems, is the encouragement of cooperation and competition between research and development activities in universities and companies. This paper examines some of the methods by which this maybe achieved, highlighting the need to distinguish between the functions of ‘research’ and ‘development’ and the increasingly significant role of university—industry companies.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Toxic Parents On Character In Childhood In Tkit Al-Umm

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Family Communication ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Communicating With Children

Abstract The role of parents is very important for the formation of children's character starting at an early age, family communication will be a way to interact more closely between family members. The existence of communication that can be realized through action, and giving positive words to children. The influence of toxic parents can affect children's growth and development and even affect children's character, bad personalities during childhood can cause personality problems, and poor socialization. Therefore, in communicating with children, parents must pay attention to the character of the child in order to communicate effectively. Communication must be built as early as possible, and based on the understanding of parents. Methods of data collection are carried out in various ways, namely through observation, interviews, documentation. It is hoped that this research will have a positive impact on parents in the way of caring for their children, and be able to minimize toxic parents.   Keywords: Family Communication, Toxic Parents, Character, Early Childhood.

scholarly journals Challenges in developing university-industry relationship: Quantitative evidence from higher education institutions in the UAE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Abhilasha Singh
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Shared Governance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Industry Relationship ◽  
University Industry

Background and objective: The lack of human and intellectual resources and capital has affected the survival of different industries and organizations in this globally competitive world. Universities have failed to provide necessary human resources to these organizations. The coordination between industries and universities is not optimal. Such challenges are being faced in the United Arab Emirates (UAE); therefore, there is a need to investigate the reasons behind these challenges to develop an ideal university-industry relationship in UAE. The present study aims to evaluate the missing links in the relationships between universities and industries of UAE. Methods: A quantitative research design has been used to recruit 100 department heads and senior professors from 20 public and private universities in the UAE. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis and factor analysis have been used to analyze the data collected through SPSS v.20. Results: The results have shown a significant and positive impact of intellectual property (IP) policies (p = 0.045) and scientific knowledge (p = 0.023) on knowledge transfer; IP policies (p = 0.067), shared governance (p = 0.018) and scientific knowledge (p = 0.017) on trust; IP policies (p = 0.069), shared governance (p = 0.034) and scientific knowledge (p = 0.018) on innovation performance. Conclusion: The findings have suggested that the role of interorganizational governance mechanisms is important in university industry collaborations to increase trust, innovation, and shared governance.

scholarly journals Peran Pendidikan dalam Proses Peacebuilding di Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ulfah Fatmala Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Development Index

Abstract, This paper intends to describe the conflict that occurred in Sierra Leone which resulted in the Complex Political Emergency (CPE) condition and the role of education in the peacebuilding process in Sierra Leone. This condition has reduced the Human Development Index in the country. In order to raise the Human Development Index in Sierra Leone, the conflict must end immediately. One of the ways to end the conflict is by doing peacebuilding. The peacebuilding process can be done through education. In addition, by increasing access to education or rebuilding the education system. The five roles of education in the peacebuilding process, namely: first, skills training that offers a new way of life apart from violence. Second, education protects children. Quality education will provide physical, psychosocial, and cognitive protection for children. Third, education helps rebuild 'normality' and self-confidence. Fourth, education helps restore social capital that has been lost and damaged by prolonged conflict. Fifth, education contributes to social transformation. Through the literature study method, this paper found that educational interventions in Sierra Leone have a positive impact on the peacebuilding process. Keywords: conflict, role of education, peacebuilding Abstrak, Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk menggambarkan konflik yang terjadi di Sierra Leone yang melahirkan kondisi Complex Political Emergencies (CPE) dan bagaimana peran pendidikan dalam proses peacebuilding di Sierra Leone. Di mana kondisi ini telah menurunkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Negara tersebut. Untuk dapat meningkatkan Indeks Pembangunana Manusia di Sierra Leone maka konflik harus segera diakhir. Salah satu cara untuk mengakhiri konflik adalah dengan melakukan peacebuilding. Proses peacebuilding dapat dilakukan melalui pendidikan. Selain itu, dengan meningkatkan akses pendidikan atau membangun kembali sistem pendidikan. Lima peran pendidikan dalam proses peacebuilding, yaitu: pertama, pelatihan ketrampilan yang menawarkan jalan kehidupan baru selain kekerasan. Kedua, pendidikan melindungi anak-anak. kualitas pendidikan akan memberikan perlindungan fisikal, psikososial, dan juga kognitif bagi anak-anak. Ketiga, pendidikan membantu membangun kembali ‘normalitas’ dan kepercayaan diri. Keempat, pendidikan membantu untuk memperbaiki modal sosial yang hilang dan rusak akibat konflik yang berkepanjangan. Kelima, pendidikan berkontribusi pada transformasi sosial. Melalui metode studi kepustakaan, tulisan ini menemukan bahwa intervensi pendidikan di Sierra Leone memberikan dampak positif terhadap proses peacebuilding. Kata kunci: konflik, peran pendidikan, pembangunan perdamaian

scholarly journals Financial development, poverty, and human development in the Fintech age: a regional analysis of the Southeast Asian states

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Dina Chhorn
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Domestic Credit

This paper examines the effect of financial development in the Fintech age, measured by broad money, domestic credit, and mobile money, on poverty and human development in the Southeast Asian economies. Using unbalanced longitudinal dataset (1990-2017), the findings suggest that broad money and domestic credit contribute to poverty reduction and promote human development. The role of mobile money is seen to have a statistically positive impact only if we analyse it with human development. Additionally, when we take a closer look at the different stage of economic, political and institutional development in this region, we found that the positive effect of broad money and domestic credit is mostly found only in the less developed and less democratic countries. The mobile money, on the other hand, is found to statistically promote the human development in both groups of countries, but there is no statistical relationship for poverty analysis. To avoid the endogeneity bias driven by the fact that the variables in the analysis are not exogenous, the paper uses the instrumental variables and two-stage least squares for panel-data estimations, taking from the economic literature on the role of financial development in developing countries. In doing so, along with additional statistical tests of subsample analysis of political and institutional factors and higher- and lower-income countries, the results confirm the robustness in the analysis.

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