scholarly journals Higher Body Mass Index Is Associated With Biochemical Changes in Knee Articular Cartilage After Marathon Running: A Quantitative T2-Relaxation MRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 232596712094387
Author(s):  
Zhongzheng Wang ◽  
Songtao Ai ◽  
Fei Tian ◽  
Ming Han Lincoln Liow ◽  
Shaobai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Marathon Running ◽  
T2 Relaxation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

Background: More than 30 million individuals participate in marathon running every year worldwide. As the popularity of marathon running continues to increase, it is essential for the purposes of injury prevention to understand the effects of marathon running on the knee cartilage. Purpose: To investigate the immediate effects of marathon running on knee articular cartilage and to determine the relationship between body mass index and cartilage biochemical composition. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: T2-relaxation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of knees in 18 nonprofessional marathoners (mean age, 35.6 ± 6.4 years) was performed before and after a full-length marathon. Three-dimensional models of the knee articular cartilage were reconstructed and divided into different regions of interest. The 3-dimensional models were then applied to corresponding T2-relaxation MRI maps to calculate T2 values in each region of interest. The mean values of the T2-relaxation times in each region of interest before and after the marathon were compared by use of the paired Student t test. The Pearson correlation coefficient between T2 change and runner body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Results: Postmarathon T2-relaxation times were significantly higher than premarathon values for patellofemoral cartilage (32.6 ± 12.1 vs 34.1 ± 10.9 ms; P < .01) and medial tibial cartilage (35.6 ± 11.7 vs 34.6 ± 12.0 ms; P = .01). The greatest increase was observed in the anterior part of the medial tibial cartilage. No statistically significant changes were seen in the T2-relaxation times of the lateral tibial and femoral cartilage. Postmarathon T2-relaxation elevation in the anteromedial knee tibiofemoral joint cartilage strongly correlated with body weight ( R = 0.6746; P = .03) and BMI ( R = 0.6989; P = .001). Changes in T2-relaxation times did not correlate with marathon time, height, age, or sex in any regions of interest. Conclusion: Marathon running leads to immediate postmarathon elevated T2-relaxation values within knee articular cartilage, suggesting biochemical content alteration. Additionally, runners with higher BMI may have greater changes in cartilage biochemical composition after a marathon. Further studies should investigate whether these changes are sustained over time to determine the relationship between immediate biochemical changes in cartilage composition and cartilage degeneration. Clinical Relevance: Runners with a higher BMI may carry a higher risk of anteromedial tibiofemoral cartilage degeneration compared with runners with lower BMI.

scholarly journals Transition to Dolutegravir Is Associated With an Increase in the Rate of Body Mass Index Change in a Cohort of Virally Suppressed Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Thivalapill ◽  
Tandzile Simelane ◽  
Nobuhle Mthethwa ◽  
Sandile Dlamini ◽  
Bhekumusa Lukhele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass Index Change ◽  
Clinical Site ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens that contain dolutegravir (DTG) have been associated with increases in body mass index (BMI) in adults. However, this relationship has not been well described in adolescents. Methods In a retrospective observational cohort of 460 virally suppressed (&lt;200 copies/mL) adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus at a clinical site in Eswatini, body mass index (BMI) measurements were analyzed between 1 year prior to the transition to DTG and up to 1 year after DTG transition. Random-effects linear spline models were used to describe the rate of change in BMI before and after the transition to DTG. Results In adolescents, BMI increased at a rate of 0.3 kg/m2 per year before DTG transition and increased to a rate of 1.2 kg/m2 per year after DTG transition. Sex of the adolescent modified the relationship between DTG and rate of BMI change: BMI rate of change after DTG transition was increased by 1.1 kg/m2 in females and 0.6 kg/m2 per year in males. Conclusions Transition to DTG in virally suppressed adolescents (aged 10–19 years) is associated with an increase in the rate of BMI change. Female adolescents may experience a larger change than males. Further investigation is required to elucidate the mechanism that underlies these observations and to assess how DTG impacts BMI in adolescents following longer durations of treatment.

scholarly journals The psychological trait among fitness center goers during home quarantine and its relationship to the body mass index

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ayed Zureigat ◽  
Osama Abdel Fattah ◽  
Ghazi El Kailani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fitness Center ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The Corona pandemic imposed on the countries of the world to take many strict measures to limit the spread of this virus, as home quarantine. Objective: this study aimed to identify the psychological aspects level among the fitness center goers during home quarantine and the differences in these aspects level according to the gender variable. As well as, the relationship between the psychological stress and motivation level, in addition, to the relationship between some psychological aspects and the body mass index, finally the differences in the body mass index before and after home quarantine. Design: To achieve this, the researchers used the descriptive approach on a sample consisting of (510), selected using randomly sample technique with the average age of (24±2.6) years. Because of the home quarantine and to reduce face-to-face interaction, the researchers used a questionnaire by using the Google form. The study tool consisted of (11) paragraphs associated with stress and (11) paragraphs associated with motivation. The researchers used means, standard deviations, paired and independent sample T-test by using SPSS version 24 with a confidence level of 95% (p value < 0.05). Results: The results of the study have shown that the psychological stress level among the study sample came with a high average (4.03) and moderate average (2.83) for motivation domain without any statistically significant differences according to the gender variable. As well as, a statistically significant association between the level of psychological stress and motivational in males and females with a higher percentage of body mass index (BMI) for males and females after home quarantine and a higher percentage of females. While the results of the study showed a statistically significant correlation between psychological aspects and body mass index. Conclusion: In light of these results, the urgent need to activate the role and importance of psychological self-care for individuals during home quarantine and work to find a balance between leisure time and other life activities.

Relationship between Leptin Concentration in Cord Blood and Foetal Growth and Maternal Anthropometry of GDM Mothers at Delivery

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
S Jahan ◽  
TR Das ◽  
KB Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Cord Serum ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Aims: Cord blood leptin may reflect the leptinemic status of a newborn at birth more accurately than the leptin values of blood collected from other sites. The present study was undertaken to determine the relationship of cord serum leptin concentration at birth with neonatal and maternal anthropometric parameters. Materials and Methods: Blood was taken from the umbilical cord of the babies at delivery. Maternal anthropometric measurements were recorded at admission for delivery. Neonatal anthropometric measurements were recorded within 48 hours after delivery. Linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between cord serum leptin concentration and anthropometric parameters of the baby and the mother. Both Serum leptin and serum C-peptide levels were measured by chemiluminescence-based ELISA method. Results: The leptin concentration (ng/ml, mean±SD) in cord blood was 39.13±14.44. Cord leptin levels correlated with birth weight (r=0.673, p<0.0001), ponderal index (r=0.732, p<0.0001) but it did not correlate with maternal body mass index, gestational age (r=0.135, p=0.349) at delivery or cord serum C-peptide concentration (r=-0.049, p=0.735) or placental weight (r=0.203, p=0.157). Conclusion: There are associations between cord leptin concentration at delivery and birth weight, ponderal index (PI) of the babies but not body mass index (BMI) of the mothers. High leptin levels of the baby could represent an important feedback modulator of substrate supply and subsequently for adipose tissue status during late gestation. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2007; 25 : 9-13)

scholarly journals Combination of sleep duration, TV time and body mass index is associated with cardiometabolic risk moderated by age in youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. Sehn ◽  
Anelise R. Gaya ◽  
Caroline Brand ◽  
Arieli F. Dias ◽  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Television Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

AbstractObjectivesThe combination of sleep duration, television (TV) time and body mass index (BMI) may be related to the alteration of cardiometabolic risk. However, there are few studies that use these variables grouped, and showing the moderating role of age. This study aimed to verify if the combination of sleep duration, TV time and BMI is associated with cardiometabolic risk and the moderating role of age in this relationship in youth.MethodsCross-sectional study conducted with 1411 adolescents (611 male), aged 10–17 years. Sleep duration, TV time and BMI were assessed and grouped into eight categories. Cardiometabolic risk was assessed by a continuous metabolic risk score, including the following variables: low HDL-cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, dysglycemia, high systolic blood pressure, high waist circumference and low cardiorespiratory fitness. Generalized linear models were used to test moderation of age in the relationship between the eight categories of sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk.ResultsCardiometabolic risk factor showed association with all overweight or obesity independent of sleep time and TV time. Age moderated the relationship between sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk. This association was stronger in younger adolescents (11 and 13 years), indicating that individuals with inadequate sleep, prolonged TV time and overweight/obesity present higher cardiometabolic risk values when compared to 15-year-old adolescents.ConclusionOverweight/obesity, independently of sleep duration and TV time, is the main risk factor for cardiometabolic disorders in adolescence. When moderated by age, younger adolescents that presented the combination of risk factors had higher cardiometabolic risk.

Social anxiety moderates the relationship between body mass index and motivation to avoid exercise

Body Image ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Arielle Horenstein ◽  
Simona C. Kaplan ◽  
Rachel M. Butler ◽  
Richard G. Heimberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Relationship
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