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Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S3.1-S3
Author(s):  
Viviana Jimenez ◽  
Aaron Yengo-Kahn ◽  
Jessica Wallace ◽  
Douglas Totten ◽  
Christopher Bonfield ◽  
...  

ObjectiveYoung American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races, however, it is unknown how race influences the experience and outcome of SRC. Our objective was to compare White and Black athletes' recovery and subjective experiences after SRC.BackgroundNA.Design/MethodsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ResultsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ConclusionsRacial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached symptom resolution and return-to-school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.


Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S1.2-S1
Author(s):  
Samuel Fuller ◽  
Esha Jain ◽  
Newton Venkat Nagirimadugu ◽  
Robert W. Turner

ObjectiveYoung American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races; however, it is unknown how race influences the experience and outcome of SRC. Our objective was to compare White and Black athletes' recovery and subjective experiences after SRC.BackgroundNA.Design/MethodsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ResultsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ConclusionsRacial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached symptom resolution and return-to-school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.


Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Michael Silveira Santiago ◽  
Felipe J. Aidar ◽  
Talita Leite dos Santos Moraes ◽  
Jader Pereira de Farias Neto ◽  
Mário Costa Vieira Filho ◽  
...  

Background and Objectives: The degenerative pathology of the hip joint appears in young age groups, related to fem-oroacetabular impingement, and in advanced age, due to other inflammatory causes, with greater potential for severity in the presence of comorbidities. Objectives: To evaluate the participation of the main causes of osteoarthritis in relation to physical activities, s Body Mass Index (BMI) and television time (TV). Materials and Methods: 54 patients with surgical indication treated at an orthopedic referral university hospital were stratified into groups (Impact: I, Osteonecrosis/rheumatic: II, Infectious/traumatic: III), and the influence of comorbidities on physical activity performance, relative to BMI and TV time. Results: It was observed that the impact group was the most frequent (51.8%), with 79.6% under the age of 60 years. This group followed the general mean (p < 0.05), using the variables of comorbidity and the level of physical activity. Pain intensity, TV time, BMI showed no correlation with physical activity. Conclusion: Morphostructural changes (group I) represented the most frequent etiological group, and severe pain was common in almost the entire sample. Unlike BMI, comorbidity showed a significant relationship with the level of physical activity.


Author(s):  
Zhiguang Zhang ◽  
Kristi B Adamo ◽  
Nancy Ogden ◽  
Gary S Goldfield ◽  
Anthony D Okely ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives To examine the cross-sectional associations between screen time and cognitive development in preschoolers. Methods Participants were 97 preschoolers (36 to 60 months) in Alberta and Ontario, Canada in the supporting Healthy physical AcTive Childcare setting (HATCH) study. The time that children spent watching television, videos or DVDs (television time) or playing video or computer games (video game time) on a television, computer, or portable device was assessed using a parental questionnaire. Television time and video game time were summed to calculate total screen time. Adherence to the screen time recommendation (≤1 hour/day) of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was calculated. Expressive vocabulary and working memory were assessed using the Early Years Toolbox. Due to the distribution of working memory, it was categorized as a binary variable based on the median score. The associations between screen time and cognitive development were examined using mixed models (expressive vocabulary) or generalized mixed models (working memory). Results Screen time was not associated with expressive vocabulary. Preschoolers who had higher total screen time were less likely to have better working memory (OR=0.52; 95%CI:0.31, 0.88), despite the null associations for television time (P=0.155) and video game time (P=0.079). Preschoolers who met the screen time recommendation were more likely to have higher working memory capacity (OR=3.48; 95%CI:1.06, 11.47), compared to those who did not meet the recommendation. Conclusion Limiting total screen time to no more than one hour per day may facilitate working memory development in preschoolers. Screen time may be unrelated to expressive language development in this age group.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251738
Author(s):  
Siegfried Möller ◽  
Tanja Poulain ◽  
Antje Körner ◽  
Christof Meigen ◽  
Anne Jurkutat ◽  
...  

Background The present study describes motor skills in a large sample of German children and adolescents and investigates associations with age, gender, body-mass index, physical activity, television time, and socioeconomic status. Methods 2,106 children (1076 boys, 1030 girls) aged 4 to 17 years performed five different motor tests for strength (pushups, standing long jump), coordination (backward balancing, jumping side-to-side) and flexibility (forward bend) within the framework of the LIFE Child study (Leipzig, Germany). Anthropometric parameters were assessed through standardized measurement. Data on physical activity, television time, and socioeconomic status were collected via questionnaires. Linear regression analyses were applied to assess relations. Results Strength and coordination performance were higher in older than in younger children. While boys showed a higher performance in strengths tests than girls, girls performed better in flexibility and coordination during precision tasks (backward balancing). In terms of coordination under time constraint (jumping side-to-side), both genders produced similar results. Lower body-mass index, higher physical activity, and higher socioeconomic status were significantly related to better motor skills. Longer television times were significantly associated with lower performance in long jump. Conclusions The present findings are similar to data collected at the beginning of the century, indicating that motor skills have hardly changed in recent years. The findings furthermore suggest that children from lower social strata, children with higher body weight, and children who move little have a higher risk of developing insufficient motor skills and should therefore be given special support.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Tebar ◽  
Diego G. D. Christofaro ◽  
Tiego A. Diniz ◽  
Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽  
Joao Paulo Botero ◽  
...  

Background: Elevated screen time has been associated with addictive behaviors, such as alcohol and sugar intake and smoking. Considering the substantial increase in screen time caused by social isolation policies, this study aimed to analyze the association of increased screen time in different devices during the COVID-19 pandemic with consumption and increased desire of alcohol, smoking, and sweetened foods in adults.Methods: A sample of 1,897 adults with a mean age of 37.9 (13.3) years was assessed by an online survey, being composed by 58% of women. Participants were asked whether screen time in television, cell phone, and computer increased during the pandemic, as well as how much time is spent in each device. Closed questions assessed the frequency of alcohol and sweetened food consumption, smoking, and an increased desire to drink and smoke during the pandemic. Educational level, age, sex, feeling of stress, anxiety, depression, and use of a screen device for physical activity were covariates. Binary logistic regression models considered adjustment for covariates and for mutual habits.Results: Increased television time was associated with increased desire to drink (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.12; 1.89) and increased sweetened food consumption (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.18; 1.99), while an increase in computer use was negatively associated with consumption of alcohol (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53; 0.86) and sweetened foods (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62; 0.98). Increased cell phone time was associated with increased sweetened food consumption during the pandemic (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.18; 2.67). Participants with increased time in the three devices were less likely to consume sweetened foods for ≥5 days per week (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.39; 0.99) but were twice as likely to have sweetened food consumption increased during pandemic (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.07; 3.88).Conclusion: Increased screen time was differently associated with consumption and desire for alcohol and sweets according to screen devices. Increased time in television and cell phones need to be considered for further investigations of behavioral impairments caused by the pandemic.


2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472199755
Author(s):  
Pedro San Martin Soares ◽  
Paula Duarte de Oliveira ◽  
Fernando César Wehrmeister ◽  
Ana Maria Baptista Menezes ◽  
Helen Gonçalves

Objective: This study investigated the association between screen time in adolescence and Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD) at 22 years old. Method: A sample of 2333 participants aged 11 years old without ADHD from the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study (Brazil) was followed up until the age of 22. Screen time variables included time spent in television, video game and computer at 11, 15, and 18 years old. ADHD was assessed at 22 years. Results: ADHD symptoms at 22 years was positively associated with television time at 11 years, computer time at 18 years and total screen time at ages 11, 15, and 18 years. Television time at 11 years and total screen time at 18 years were associated with diagnosis of ADHD at 22 years of age. Conclusions: Our findings may contribute to future investigations of possible explanatory avenues for these associations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Compernolle ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Delfien Van Dyck

Abstract Background Some types of sedentary behaviors tend to cluster in individuals or groups of older adults. Insight into how these different types of sedentary behavior cluster is needed, as recent research suggests that not all types of sedentary behavior may have the same negative effects on physical and mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify sex-specific typologies of older adults’ sedentary behavior, and to examine their associations with health-related and socio-demographic factors. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected as part of the BEPAS Seniors, and the Busschaert study among 696 Flemish older adults (60+). Typologies of self-reported sedentary behavior were identified using latent profile analysis, and associations with health-related and sociodemographic factors were examined using analyses of variances. Results Five distinct typologies were identified from seven sedentary behaviors (television time, computer time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in men, and three typologies were identified from six sedentary behaviors (television time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in women. Typologies that are characterized by high television time seem to be related to more negative health outcomes, like a higher BMI, less grip strength, and a lower physical and mental health-related quality-of-life. Typologies that are represented by high computer time and motorized transport seem to be related to more positive health outcomes, such as a lower body mass index, more grip strength and a higher physical and mental health-related quality-of-life. Conclusions Although causal direction between identified typologies and health outcomes remains uncertain, our results suggests that future interventions should better focus on specific types of sedentary behavior (e.g. television time), or patterns of sedentary behavior, rather than on total sedentary behavior.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Compernolle ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Delfien Van Dyck

Abstract Background. Some types of sedentary behaviors tend to cluster in individuals or groups of older adults. Insight into how these different types of sedentary behavior cluster is needed, as recent research suggests that not all types of sedentary behavior may have the same negative effects on physical and mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify sex-specific typologies of older adults’ sedentary behavior, and to examine their associations with health-related and socio-demographic factors. Methods. Cross-sectional data were collected as part of the BEPAS Seniors, and the Busschaert study among 696 Flemish older adults (60+). Typologies of self-reported sedentary behavior were identified using latent profile analysis, and associations with health-related and sociodemographic factors were examined using analyses of variances. Results. Five distinct typologies were identified from seven sedentary behaviors (television time, computer time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in men, and three typologies were identified from six sedentary behaviors (television time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in women. Typologies that are characterized by high television time seem to be related to more negative health outcomes, like a higher BMI, less grip strength, and a lower physical and mental health-related quality-of-life. Typologies that are represented by high computer time and motorized transport seem to be related to more positive health outcomes, such as a lower body mass index, more grip strength and a higher physical and mental health-related quality-of-life.Conclusions. Although causal direction between identified typologies and health outcomes remains uncertain, our results suggests that future interventions should better focus on specific types of sedentary behavior (e.g. television time), or patterns of sedentary behavior, rather than on total sedentary behavior.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Compernolle ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Delfien Van Dyck

Abstract Background. Some types of sedentary behaviors tend to cluster in individuals or groups of older adults. Insight into how these different types of sedentary behavior cluster is needed, as recent research suggests that not all types of sedentary behavior may have the same negative effects on physical and mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify gender-specific typologies of older adults’ sedentary behavior, and to examine their associations with health-related and socio-demographic factors. Methods. Cross-sectional data were collected as part of the BEPAS Seniors, and the Busschaert study among 696 Flemish older adults (60+). Typologies of self-reported sedentary behavior were identified using latent profile analysis, and associations with health-related and sociodemographic factors were examined using analyses of variances. Results. Five distinct typologies were identified from seven sedentary behaviors (television time, computer time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in men, and three typologies were identified from six sedentary behaviors (television time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in women. Typologies that are characterized by high television time seem to be related to more negative health outcomes, like a higher BMI, less grip strength, and a lower physical and mental health-related quality-of-life. Typologies that are represented by high computer time and motorized transport seem to be related to more positive health outcomes, such as a lower body mass index, more grip strength and a higher physical and mental health-related quality-of-life.Conclusions. Although causal direction between identified typologies and health outcomes remains uncertain, our results suggests that future interventions should better focus on specific types of sedentary behavior (e.g. television time), or patterns of sedentary behavior, rather than on total sedentary behavior.


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