Reconsidering ‘Ties’: The Sociotechnical Job Search Network

2020 ◽  
pp. 232948842096568
Author(s):  
Cameron W. Piercy ◽  
Sun Kyong (Sunny) Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Tie Strength ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Online Application ◽  
Ego Networks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ease Of Access

This study explored how job seekers perceived human and technological sources in their sociotechnical ego-networks. United States residents ( N = 285) who had sought jobs in the past 2 years responded to questions about their perceptions of sources used during the job search (n = 1297). Participants rated each source they used across a variety of perceived attributes. We measured tie strength using an amalgam of frequency of interaction and closeness, and strong tie sources included humans contacted online and in-person as well as websites. In contrast, the weakest tie sources were direct online application, employment agencies, and career events. Results showed a newly developed perceived bridging scale, social support, ease of access, and homophily were all positively related to tie strength. Influence was negatively related to tie strength. Information quality was not related to tie strength. We discuss implications for network and job search research, theory, and practice.

The Nature of Degrowth: Theorising the Core of Nature for the Degrowth Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasi Heikkurinen
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Radical Reduction ◽  
Nature Experience ◽  
Matter Energy

This article investigates human–nature relations in the light of the recent call for degrowth, a radical reduction of matter–energy throughput in over-producing and over-consuming cultures. It outlines a culturally sensitive response to a (conceived) paradox where humans embedded in nature experience alienation and estrangement from it. The article finds that if nature has a core, then the experienced distance makes sense. To describe the core of nature, three temporal lenses are employed: the core of nature as ‘the past’, ‘the future’, and ‘the present’. It is proposed that while the degrowth movement should be inclusive of temporal perspectives, the lens of the present should be emphasised to balance out the prevailing romanticism and futurism in the theory and practice of degrowth.

scholarly journals Job Seekers’ Self-Directed Learning Activities Explained Through the Lens of Regulatory Focus

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532199164
Author(s):  
Adam M. Kanar ◽  
Dave Bouckenooghe
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Job Searching

This study aimed to understand the role of regulatory focus for influencing self-directed learning activities during a job search. The authors surveyed 185 job-searching university students at two time points to explore the conditions under which regulatory focus (promotion and prevention foci) impacts self-directed learning activities and the number of employment interviews secured. Both promotion and prevention foci showed significant relationships with self-directed learning activities and number of interviews, and positive and negative affect partially mediated these relationships. The relationships between both regulatory focus strategies and self-directed learning were also contingent on self-efficacy. More specifically, prevention focus and self-directed learning showed a positive relationship for job seekers with high levels of self-efficacy but a negative one for job seekers with low levels of self-efficacy. This research extends the understanding of the role of regulatory focus in the context of self-directed learning during a job search. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Race and Networks in the Job Search Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla ◽  
Devah Pager
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Job Offers

Racial disparities persist throughout the employment process, with African Americans experiencing significant barriers compared to whites. This article advances the understanding of racial labor market stratification by bringing new theoretical insights and original data to bear on the ways social networks shape racial disparities in employment opportunities. We develop and articulate two pathways through which networks may perpetuate racial inequality in the labor market: network access and network returns. In the first case, African American job seekers may receive fewer job leads through their social networks than white job seekers, limiting their access to employment opportunities. In the second case, black and white job seekers may utilize their social networks at similar rates, but their networks may differ in effectiveness. Our data, with detailed information about both job applications and job offers, provide the unique ability to adjudicate between these processes. We find evidence that black and white job seekers utilize their networks at similar rates, but network-based methods are less likely to lead to job offers for African Americans. We then theoretically develop and empirically test two mechanisms that may explain these differential returns: network placement and network mobilization. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for scholarship on racial stratification and social networks in the job search process.

Communication Theory and Training Approaches for Multiculturally Diverse Organizations: Have Academics and Practitioners Missed the Connection?

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Arai ◽  
Maryanne Wanca-Thibault ◽  
Pamela Shockley-Zalabak
Keyword(s):  
Communication Theory ◽  
Diversity Training ◽  
Multicultural Training ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Multiculturally Diverse ◽  
And Training

While a number of articles have looked at the importance of multicultural training in the workplace over the past 30 years, there is little concrete agreement that documents the common fundamental elements of a “successful” diversity initiative. A review of the training literature suggests the importance of human communication theory and practice without including important research, methodologies, and practice from the communication discipline. This article examines formal diversity approaches, provides examples from the literature of several successful diversity initiatives in larger organizations, identifies the limited use of communication-based approaches in diversity training, and discusses the importance of integrating communication theory and practice in future training efforts.

Feminist (Theatre) Historiography / Canadian (Feminist) Theatre: A Reading of some Practices and Theories

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Susan Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Position Paper ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Feminist Theatre ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Theatre Historiography ◽  
Theoretical Analyses ◽  
Extended Discussion

Through this position paper the author seeks to provide a focus for extended discussion of some of the key issues arising from feminist approaches to theatre research. She indicates some of the insights made possible by feminist theoretical analyses of theatre historiography as well as some of the implications of the various positions inscribed in articles on Canadian feminist theatre historiography over the past ten years. The author hopes to facilitate more discussion of the wide variety of feminist challenges to and transformation of the theory and practice of theatre research and theatre historiography.

Job-Search Activities, Job-Seeking Barriers, and Work Experiences of Transition-Age Youths With Visual Impairments

2021 ◽  
pp. 0145482X2110591
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Cmar ◽  
Anne Steverson
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Transition Age ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Job Seeking

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe the job-seeking and work experiences of transition-age youths with visual impairments. Methods: We analyzed follow-up data from a quasi-experimental study of a job-search intervention conducted from 2016 to 2019. Participants were 88 youths with visual impairments from three states; approximately half received the job-search intervention, and the other half served as a comparison group. Measures included job-search activities and outcomes, job-seeking barriers, volunteer and work experiences, and parental support for job-seeking. Results: Commonly reported job-search activities were preparing or revising resumes, talking to people about jobs, submitting applications, and submitting resumes, but most participants performed these activities infrequently. Many job-seekers encountered barriers during their job search, and few searches resulted in paid employment. Participants generally reported moderate levels of preparation to handle job-seeking barriers and parental support for job-seeking. Intervention and comparison participants had similar results on most measures, with few exceptions. Discussion: When youths actively search for a job but do not find one, their motivation to continue job-seeking may be reduced, particularly if their preparedness to overcome job-seeking barriers is low. Although many participants had some engagement in volunteer or work activities, short-term work experiences were the most common—and perhaps most misunderstood—work activity. Implications for practitioners: Youths with visual impairments may benefit from feedback on their job-seeking approach, application materials, and interview skills so they can make changes and determine how to focus or refocus their efforts. In addition to offering feedback, service providers can provide ongoing support to youth job-seekers and encourage them to persist in their job search. Explicit discussions about different types of work activities may help transition-age youths understand how short-term work experiences differ from paid jobs.

The Concept of the ‘Living Constitution’ in Russian Constitutional Theory and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 416-445
Author(s):  
Caroline von Gall
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation

Abstract In discussing the concept of the ‘living constitution’ in Russian constitutional theory and practice, this paper shows that the Russian concept of the living constitution differs from U.S. or European approaches to evolutive interpretation. The Russian concept has its roots in Soviet and pre-revolutionary Russian constitutional thinking. It reduces the normative power of the Constitution but allows an interpretation according to changing social conditions and gives the legislator a broad margin of appreciation. Whereas the 1993 Russian constitutional reform had been regarded as a paradigm shift with the intention to break with the past by declaring that the Constitution shall have supreme judicial force and direct effect, the paper also gives answers to the complexity of constitutional change and legal transplants and the role of constitutional theory and practice for the functioning of the current authoritarian regime in Russia.

Cameralism as Sonderweg of German Mercantilism?

2021 ◽  
pp. 389-405
Author(s):  
Lars Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

In recent years there has been a renewed interest in Cameralism, both as a discourse and as an administrative political economy, in both theory and practice. Attention has been drawn to how Cameralism—defined as thought and practice—should be understood. The aim of this article is to take a step back and focus on the historiography of Cameralism from the nineteenth century onwards. Even though many in recent times have challenged old and seemingly dated conceptualizations and interpretations, they are still very much alive. Most profoundly this has implied that Cameralism most often in the past has been acknowledged as an expression of—German. as it were—exceptionalism to the general history of economic doctrine and thinking.

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