scholarly journals Factors Influencing US Allopathic Medical Students to Choose Pathology as a Specialty

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237428952095192
Author(s):  
Cindy B. McCloskey ◽  
Kristen Johnson ◽  
Mark Brissette ◽  
Richard Conran ◽  
John Childs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Specialty Choice ◽  
Good Work ◽  
Patient Contact ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Direct Patient Contact ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted the crucial role of pathologists in the health care system at a time of significant decline in the number of US medical students matching to pathology residency positions. To understand this decline, a national survey of fourth-year US allopathic medical students was conducted to assess experiences, knowledge, and attitudes of pathology and factors that impact specialty choice. Participating in a separate pathology course did not increase the probability of choosing pathology. Experiences significantly associated with choosing pathology included clinical or research opportunities in pathology during the last 2 years of medical school, autopsy observation/participation, and participation in pathology interest groups. Many respondents felt they were not sufficiently exposed to pathology to consider it as a specialty. Those who considered pathology but did not choose it were less likely to report understanding the activities of pathologists and being recruited by pathology faculty and more likely to express a preference for more direct patient contact as compared to those entering pathology. In general, respondents agreed that pathology has a good work–life balance and a satisfying degree of intellectual challenge. On the other hand, respondents generally agreed that information on social media and perception of the pathology job market do not seem to be positive and few agreed that pathology is a highly regarded specialty. We identify steps to address these issues and increase the number of US medical students choosing pathology as a specialty crucial to the future of medicine and public health.

scholarly journals Transmission of Ebola Viruses: What We Know and What We Do Not Know

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Osterholm ◽  
Kristine A. Moore ◽  
Nicholas S. Kelley ◽  
Lisa M. Brosseau ◽  
Gary Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Serial Passage ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Patient Contact ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Direct Patient Contact

ABSTRACT Available evidence demonstrates that direct patient contact and contact with infectious body fluids are the primary modes for Ebola virus transmission, but this is based on a limited number of studies. Key areas requiring further study include (i) the role of aerosol transmission (either via large droplets or small particles in the vicinity of source patients), (ii) the role of environmental contamination and fomite transmission, (iii) the degree to which minimally or mildly ill persons transmit infection, (iv) how long clinically relevant infectiousness persists, (v) the role that “superspreading events” may play in driving transmission dynamics, (vi) whether strain differences or repeated serial passage in outbreak settings can impact virus transmission, and (vii) what role sylvatic or domestic animals could play in outbreak propagation, particularly during major epidemics such as the 2013–2015 West Africa situation. In this review, we address what we know and what we do not know about Ebola virus transmission. We also hypothesize that Ebola viruses have the potential to be respiratory pathogens with primary respiratory spread.

A systematic review of factors affecting choice of otolaryngology as a career in medical students and junior doctors

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (10) ◽  
pp. 836-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
A W Mayer ◽  
K A Smith ◽  
S Carrie
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Good Work ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Uk

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing concern over a future shortfall in provision of UK otolaryngology consultants. There is a declining rate of applications to otolaryngology specialty training in the UK.ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically review the literature to establish what factors influence medical students’ and junior doctors’ decision to pursue a career in otolaryngology.MethodMedline, Embase and PubMed databases were searched in January 2019. Additional manual reference checks of identified literature were performed.ResultsEleven articles were included in the review. Common factors that positively influenced the decision to pursue a career in otolaryngology were exposure to the specialty, positive role models and a good work-life balance. Lack of exposure was a consistent deterrent from pursuing a career in otolaryngology.ConclusionThis review reiterates the need for greater exposure to otolaryngology in the undergraduate curriculum. In addition, mentorship for students with an interest in otolaryngology should be a priority.

Characteristics of graduating US allopathic medical students pursuing a career in neurology

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (17) ◽  
pp. e2051-e2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Gutmann ◽  
Carolyn Cahill ◽  
Justin T. Jordan ◽  
Charlene E. Gamaldo ◽  
Veronica Santini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Specialty Choice ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Mentoring Programs ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Student Questionnaire

ObjectivesTo identify factors associated with medical students becoming neurologists because, despite the increasing burden of neurologic disorders, there is a growing neurologist shortage.MethodsDeidentified data from the Association of American Medical Colleges Matriculating Student Questionnaire (MSQ) and Graduation Questionnaire (GQ) were obtained for the graduation years 2013 to 2014 through 2016 to 2017. Logistic regression was used to assess demographic characteristics and responses to training and career-related questions in association with specialty choice (intent to enter neurology).ResultsOf the 51,816 students with complete data, 1,456 (2.8%) indicated an intent to enter a neurology residency. Factors associated with an increased likelihood of entering neurology were a student's rating of excellent for their basic neuroscience course and neurology clerkship, participation in an MD/PhD program, majoring in neuroscience or psychology as an undergraduate, a selection response of “content of the specialty was a strong influence on career choice,” and indicating interest in neurology on the MSQ. Factors associated with a decreased likelihood of entering neurology were a higher-priority response on the GQ for salary, work/life balance, and personal fit of the specialty.ConclusionData from surveys at the entry into and graduation from medical school suggest several approaches to increase the number of medical students entering neurology, including a focus on the student-reported quality of the basic neuroscience course and neurology clerkships, targeted engagement with MD/PhD students, and mentoring programs for students interested in neurology. Efforts to improve salaries for neurologists, to reduce medical school debt, and to improve work/life balance may also help to attract more students.

scholarly journals Integrating Interprofessional Case Scenarios, Allied Embedded Actors, and Teaching Into Formative Observed Structured Clinical Exams

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Peggy R. Cyr ◽  
Julie M. Schirmer ◽  
Victoria Hayes ◽  
Corinn Martineau ◽  
Meghan Keane
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Interprofessional Teamwork ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Student Training ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Interprofessional Competencies

Background and Objectives: Interprofessional education is a critical component of medical student training, yet it is often difficult to implement. Medical students who learn with, from, and about learners from other disciplines have been shown to create more effective and safe health care teams. The investigators wanted to know how participating in two interprofessional observed structured clinical exams (OSCEs) at Tufts University School of Medicine (TUSM) would affect changes in medical students’ attitudes and values in interprofessional teamwork. Methods: For the academic years 2017 and 2018, two interprofessional case scenarios were integrated into OSCEs for third-year medical students at TUSM, with an allied embedded actor (AEA) playing a social worker to an end-of-life scenario, and an AEA playing the role of a pharmacy student added to a chronic pain scenario. Students participated in didactic training about interprofessional teamwork and received structured feedback regarding interprofessional competencies following simulation cases. Changes in interprofessional knowledge and attitudes were assessed by comparing student pre- and postscenario mean scores on the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS-21, a 21-item scale survey), with students rating themselves on a Likert scale from 1 (not at all) to 7 (to a very great extent). We performed paired t-test analysis on individual pre- and post-ISVS-21 means. Results: Three hundred fifty-three of the 417 participating medical students fully completed pre- and postsurveys. Students reported significant changes in interprofessional knowledge and attitudes (mean change=1.3, P<.0001). Students and faculty regarded the interprofessional cases very highly. Conclusions: Placing interprofessional cases involving AEAs into OSCE events is easily replicated, and positively impacts students’ attitudes and values in interprofessional knowledge.

Knowledge and attitudes of sexually transmitted infections among medical students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
pp. 981-988
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Abuabat ◽  
Abdulrahman Alfarhan ◽  
Raed Alahmari ◽  
Waleed Alanazi ◽  
Abdulaziz AlJaafary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes

Work Life Balance and Job Satisfaction - A Structural Equation Modeling

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Dr. D. Shoba ◽  
Dr. G. Suganthi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Study Results

Work-Life balance has its importance from ancient days and the concept is very old, from the day the world has been created. There was a drastic change that has occurred in the market of teachers and their personal profiles. There are tremendous changes in various families which have bartered from the ‘breadwinner’ role of traditional men to single parent families and dual earning couples. This study furnishes an insight into work life balance and job satisfaction of teachers working in School of Villupuram District. The sample comprises of 75 school teachers from Government and private schools in Villupuram District. The Study results that there is increasing mediating evidence in Work-life balance as well as Job satisfaction of teachers are not affected by the type of school in which they are working. Job satisfaction or Pleasure of life will be affected as a whole by Work life balance of an individual which is the main which can be calculated by construct of subjective well being.

scholarly journals Comparing burnout and work-life balance among specialists in internal medicine: the role of inpatient vs. outpatient workplace

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix S. Hussenoeder ◽  
Erik Bodendieck ◽  
Franziska Jung ◽  
Ines Conrad ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Physician Mental Health ◽  
Outpatient Settings ◽  
Subsequent Patient

Abstract Background Compared to the general population, physicians are more likely to experience increased burnout and lowered work-life balance. In our article, we want to analyze whether the workplace of a physician is associated with these outcomes. Methods In September 2019, physicians from various specialties answered a comprehensive questionnaire. We analyzed a subsample of 183 internists that were working full time, 51.4% were female. Results Multivariate analysis showed that internists working in an outpatient setting exhibit significantly higher WLB and more favorable scores on all three burnout dimensions. In the regression analysis, hospital-based physicians exhibited higher exhaustion, cynicism and total burnout score as well as lower WLB. Conclusions Physician working at hospitals exhibit less favorable outcomes compared to their colleagues in outpatient settings. This could be a consequence of workplace-specific factors that could be targeted by interventions to improve physician mental health and subsequent patient care.

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