scholarly journals On the Motives and Needs for Work beyond Age 65: Comparing Voluntary Workers versus Agency Workers

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Torka ◽  
Ivy Goedegebure ◽  
Inge van Ewijk ◽  
Jan Kees Looise
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Meaning Of Work ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Voluntary Workers ◽  
Pension Benefits ◽  
Work Motives ◽  
Continue Work

Much has been written about older workers, including how to adequately manage a more mature workforce. Currently, the bulk of research concentrates on the push-pull factors for early retirement vs. the continuation of work life until the pensionable age. This article focuses on a different and rarely investigated group and explicitly addresses an issue up to now overlooked: for those who continue work beyond the age at which full government pension benefits are available (i.e., post-retirement workers), is the meaning of work related to their employment status? To answer this question we compared the work motives of Dutch volunteers and agency workers aged 65 years (i.e., the official Dutch pensionable age) and older. Contrary to the presumptive prevailing common convictions, we found that for post-retirement agency workers financial motives or needs seem less important than personal motives, and the employment status itself is not a good indicator for decision-making on human resource practices. We conclude that for these ‘indisputable seniors' the satisfaction of esteem needs through work remains unremitting, and may even be increasingly important as time goes by.

Was sind die richtigen Rentenabschläge? – neue Perspektiven

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gasche
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Relevant Alternative ◽  
Adjustment Factor ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Adjustment Factors ◽  
Implicit Taxation ◽  
Pension Benefits ◽  
Continue Work

SummaryThe correct adjustment of pension benefits when postponing retirement is calculated by three „income-oriented“ approaches: the incentive-neutral approach, the budget-neutral approach and as an innovation the return-neutral approach. It turns out, that the three approaches differ just in their underlying discount rate but not in their method of calculation. In addition it can be shown, that the incentive-neutral approach leads to incentive neutrality when the implicit taxation of contributions is equal to the implicit taxation of the early retirement pension. The correct adjustment factors were also calculated for those cases, where the relevant alternative for early retirement is unemployment or not to continue work.As an alternative to the income-oriented approaches the utility-based approach is presented. In this case the results strongly depend on the underlying utility function and the parametric values. Overall, the statutory adjustment factor of 3,6 % per year tends to be too low applying the income-oriented approaches. Using the utility-based approach, the calculated adjustment rates can be seen as too high or too low, depending on the assumptions on the utility function and the parameter constellation.

scholarly journals Determinants of voluntary early retirement for older workers with and without chronic diseases: A Danish prospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranu Sewdas ◽  
Sannie Vester Thorsen ◽  
Cécile R.L. Boot ◽  
Jakob Bue Bjørner ◽  
Allard J. Van der Beek
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Physical Workload ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Related

Aims: This study explored differences in determinants (i.e. health-related, work-related and social factors) of voluntary early retirement between older workers with and without chronic diseases in Denmark. Methods: Workers aged 56–64 years who were members of a voluntary early retirement scheme were selected from the Danish National Working Environment Survey (2008–2009) and were followed in a public register for four years. Cox regression analyses were performed separately for older workers with and without chronic disease to identify the associations between determinants and voluntary early retirement. To explore the differences between groups, an interaction term between the determinant and having a chronic disease was included in the analyses for the total population. Results: Among 1861 eligible older workers, determinants associated with a higher risk of voluntary early retirement included poorer self-rated health, more depressive symptoms, a higher physical workload, lower job satisfaction and lower influence at work. For older workers with a chronic disease ( n=1185), the presence of work–family conflict was also associated with a higher risk of voluntary early retirement, whereas for those with no chronic disease ( n=676), a poorer relationship with colleagues was an additional determinant. Higher emotional demands, a higher work pace and higher quantitative demands were not significantly associated with voluntary early retirement for either group. None of the interaction terms was found to be statistically significant ( p>0.05). Conclusions: Determinants associated with voluntary early retirement did not significantly differ between older workers with or without a chronic disease in Denmark. We conclude that several health-related, work-related and social factors are important for prolonged labour force participation of older workers (with and without a chronic disease).

scholarly journals Determinants of working until retirement compared to a transition to early retirement among older workers with and without chronic diseases: Results from a Dutch prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranu Sewdas ◽  
Allard J. van der Beek ◽  
Astrid de Wind ◽  
Lennart G.L. van der Zwaan ◽  
Cécile R.L. Boot
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Work Related

Aim: The ageing society and recent policy changes may lead to an increase of older workers with chronic diseases in the workforce. To date, it is unclear whether workers with chronic diseases have specific needs while employed. The aim of this study is to explore the differences in determinants of working until retirement compared to a reference group who have transitioned to early retirement among workers with and without chronic diseases. Methods: Dutch workers aged 57–62 years ( n = 2445) were selected from an existing prospective cohort study, ‘STREAM’. The potential determinants were categorized into: individual, health, work-related and social factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations between these determinants and working until retirement – once for workers with and once for those without chronic diseases. To test differences, we included an interaction term between the determinant and the covariate ‘having a chronic disease yes/no’ in the analyses of the total population. Results: In total, 1652 (68%) persons were employed from 2011 to 2013. The majority of the determinants appeared to be similar for workers with or without a chronic disease; the interaction terms for these determinants and the covariate ‘having a chronic disease’ showed a p-value higher than 0.05, except for one individual factor (i.e. mastery) and one work-related factor (i.e. autonomy), which showed a p-value below 0.05. Higher mastery and higher autonomy were statistically significantly associated with working until retirement for those with chronic diseases, whereas they were not for those without chronic diseases. Conclusions: Differences between workers with and without chronic diseases may exist for working until a statutory retirement age. Interventions aimed at encouraging work participation of older workers should make a distinction between the two groups. Autonomy at work and mastery were found to be factors that may promote work participation until higher age, specifically for older workers with chronic diseases.

Factors Associated with Employment Status in Later Working Life

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Jackson ◽  
Philip E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated

This article reports on factors affecting the withdrawal of older workers from the labour market associated with unemployment, premature retirement and retirement at 65 years of age. Longitudinal data from three interviews with 175 adult males are examined; and findings show a process of psychological withdrawal from the labour market reflecting changes in personal identity which occur prior to reaching the formal retirement age, most strongly for those without heavy financial commitments. For most of those interviewed, retirement was a preferred option to unemployment, and allowed them to regain control over their lives. Older workers whose financial needs keep them in the employment market are doubly disadvantaged since they cannot select the route of early retirement and find it much harder to compete with younger people.

scholarly journals Description of Main Predictors for Taking Sick Leave Associated with Work-Related Eye Injuries in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5157
Author(s):  
Sergio Martín-Prieto ◽  
Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina ◽  
Israel Thuissard-Vassallo ◽  
Carlos Catalina-Romero ◽  
Eva Calvo-Bonacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sick Leave ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Eye Injury ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Younger Workers ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Type Of Injury

Recent studies in Spain have shown that males, younger workers, and people involved in manual jobs had the highest risk of suffering a work-related eye injury (WREI). This study aims to assess the predictors of sick leave associated with WREI and to compare them with risk factors of initial injury. A retrospective and descriptive study of WREI that causes sick leave of one or more days among workers from an insurance labor mutual company in Spain was conducted over a period from 2008 to 2018. The variables of the study were sex, age, occupation, and type of injury. A total of 9352 (18.6% of 50,265 WREI) cases and 113,395 total days of sick leave were observed, with an estimated EUR 4,994,009.59 of associated labor cost. The main predictors of sick leave related to WREI were found to be female (highest incidence; 25.9 (95% CI (24.8–27.1))), >55 years of age (highest incidence; 20.5 (95% CI (19.3–21.7))), not working in the industry (lowest incidence; 13.8 (95% CI (13.3–14.2))), and not suffering “other disorders of conjunctiva” (lowest incidence; 5.7 (95% CI (4.7–6.8))). The consequences associated with WREI are worse for female and older workers, despite the main risk of suffering WREI being observed in males and younger workers.

scholarly journals The Effect of Changes in Employment on Health of Work-Related Injured Workers: A Longitudinal Perspectives

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Han-Kyoul Kim ◽  
Kyu-Min Kim ◽  
Jae-Hak Kim ◽  
Hyun-Sill Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Industrial Accident ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Overall Health Status

This longitudinal study attempted to identify changes in employment status and overall health status. The participants were workers who had experienced work-related injuries in the past. In this study, we used the Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance from 2013 to 2017. This study utilized propensity score matching for a quasi-experimental design study of the first year to exclude the effects of the confounding variables and exclude the effect of employment status, which is the main independent variable. After applying propensity score matching the research subjects totaled 1070. Changes in employment status were found to have a negative effect on overall health status. This raises new implications for existing industrial accident-related support policies. Thus, it is considered that the scope should be expanded from policies related to re-employment of workers after an industrial accident to improving quality of life through maintaining employment from a long-term perspective. The notable point of this study was to apply the PSM methods. By applying PSM, we clearly identified the effect of changes in employment status on health status.

scholarly journals Why Singles Prefer to Retire Later

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 936-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eismann ◽  
Kène Henkens ◽  
Matthijs Kalmijn
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Meaning Of Work ◽  
Financial Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spousal Influence

This study goes beyond a purely financial perspective to explain why single older workers prefer to retire later than their partnered counterparts. We aim to show how the work (i.e., its social meaning) and home domain (i.e., spousal influence) contribute to differences in retirement preferences by relationship status. Analyses were based on multiactor data collected in 2015 among older workers in the Netherlands ( N = 6,357) and (where applicable) their spouses. Results revealed that the social meaning of work differed by relationship status but not always as expected. In a mediation analysis, we found that the social meaning of work partically explained differences in retirement preferences by relationship status. We also show that single workers preferred to retire later than workers with a “pulling” spouse, earlier than workers with a “pushing” spouse, and at about the same time as workers with a neutral spouse.

Determinants of Early Retirement in the UAE

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Eda Orhun ◽  
Wifag Adnan ◽  
Mouawiya Alawad
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Physical Workload ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Pension Benefit ◽  
Retirement Decision ◽  
Work Related

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the retirement behavior of UAE nationals by understanding the socio-economic characteristics of early retirees and identifying the main determinants of early retirement. Accordingly, a survey study is created and deployed for current employees and retirees affiliated with Abu Dhabi Retirement and Pension Benefit Fund (ADRPBF). The survey was designed to reach 100 retirees and 200 currently active workers from those registered at the ADRPBF. The survey was conducted by employing the online survey method and face-to-face interviews. The total number of respondents is around 244, with a total response rate of 81.33%. Some factors related to the psychosocial work environment play a significant role in the early retirement decision of Emiratis. These factors are stress level, autonomy level and authority level at work. In addition to these, the level of work environment comfortability and life-work balance seem to also affect the early retirement decision. In general, the results indicate that higher the stress level, lower the level of autonomy and authority; higher the early retirement decision within the Emirati workforce. Last but not least, the likelihood of early retirement increases significantly if employees face a work-related health problem. Initiatives at the government and company level to adjust the working conditions for the capacity of elderly people shall be considered. Healthy living campaigns and sport programs might be launched to reduce work-related health problems and consequently early retirement. Our work is the first comprehensive study exploring the early retirement decision of the UAE nationals. One limitation of our study is the limited number of participants in the survey. Future work that will include a higher number of participants and supplementary questions to cover more job features (physical workload, other psychosocial factors) might be helpful.

Non-Work Related Movements in Machine Paced and in Self-Paced Work

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Basila ◽  
S. Suominen ◽  
G. Salvendy ◽  
G.P. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Repetitive Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Younger Workers

In studying the non-work related movements (NRM) on 10 experienced industrial workers performing similar light repetitive work, the following is concluded: 1) on the average there is 54% more NRM in machine paced than in self-paced operations (1300 NRM for self-paced work compared to 2000 NRM per 8 hours for paced work), 2) the older workers have significantly less NRM than the younger workers, and 3) the NRM were most frequent in the upper than in the lower extremities. These differences are discussed in terms of differences in task complexity and stringency of pacing.

scholarly journals Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Andrea Principi ◽  
Jürgen Bauknecht ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Marco Socci
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
European Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Legal Retirement Age

This paper identifies, within companies’ sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e., unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies’ EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers’ awareness and increase their actions to extend employees’ working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.

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