scholarly journals Fulgence Raymond (1844–1910), regrettably forgotten successor of Jean-Martin Charcot

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 2514183X1988038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Walusinski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Biographical Account ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

Fulgence Raymond (1844–1910) succeeded Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893) to the Chair of Nervous System Diseases. As famous as Charcot remains, Raymond has been forgotten. After a brief biographical account, we will present a few examples of his work still relevant today: hemichorea, Raymond-Cestan syndrome, hereditary spastic paraplegia and acute ascendant paralysis. In each case, his accurate clinical and anatomopathological descriptions are accompanied by aetiological hypotheses that are remarkably prescient with regard to current knowledge. Strongly committed to teaching, he published most of his lessons every year. They remain highly relevant historically, and sometimes for other reasons, as we shall see. We hope to show that Raymond does not deserve to be forgotten.

scholarly journals Current Knowledge of Endolysosomal and Autophagy Defects in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Liriopé Toupenet Marchesi ◽  
Marion Leblanc ◽  
Giovanni Stevanin
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Functional Convergence ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hsp Genes

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) refers to a group of neurological disorders involving the degeneration of motor neurons. Due to their clinical and genetic heterogeneity, finding common effective therapeutics is difficult. Therefore, a better understanding of the common pathological mechanisms is necessary. The role of several HSP genes/proteins is linked to the endolysosomal and autophagic pathways, suggesting a functional convergence. Furthermore, impairment of these pathways is particularly interesting since it has been linked to other neurodegenerative diseases, which would suggest that the nervous system is particularly sensitive to the disruption of the endolysosomal and autophagic systems. In this review, we will summarize the involvement of HSP proteins in the endolysosomal and autophagic pathways in order to clarify their functioning and decipher some of the pathological mechanisms leading to HSP.

scholarly journals Use of Angong Niuhuang in Treating Central Nervous System Diseases and Related Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Guo ◽  
Shaohua Yan ◽  
Lipeng Xu ◽  
Gexin Zhu ◽  
Xiaotong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Central Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Cns Diseases ◽  
Related Research

In Chinese medicine-based therapeutics, Angong Niuhuang pill (ANP) is one of the three most effective formulas for febrile diseases, and it is also used to treat other diseases. This paper reviews current knowledge regarding the clinical and pharmacological effects of ANP for treating different central nervous system (CNS) diseases to confirm its validity and efficacy. These diseases are like centric fever, coma, stroke, and viral encephalitis. This review reveals that various diseases could be treated using the same agent, which is one of the most important principles of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). According to the “Same Treatment for Different Diseases” principle, ANP might be efficacious in other CNS diseases.

scholarly journals Novel De Novo Mutations in KIF1A as a Cause of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia With Progressive Central Nervous System Involvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1114-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Hotchkiss ◽  
Sandra Donkervoort ◽  
Meganne E. Leach ◽  
Payam Mohassel ◽  
Diana X. Bharucha-Goebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
De Novo Mutations ◽  
System Involvement

scholarly journals Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: Beyond Clinical Phenotypes toward a Unified Pattern of Central Nervous System Damage

Radiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 276 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Agosta ◽  
Marina Scarlato ◽  
Edoardo G. Spinelli ◽  
Elisa Canu ◽  
Sara Benedetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Central Nervous System Damage ◽  
Clinical Phenotypes

scholarly journals Quantitative and Functional Analyses of Spastin in the Nervous System: Implications for Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 2147-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Solowska ◽  
G. Morfini ◽  
A. Falnikar ◽  
B. T. Himes ◽  
S. T. Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Functional Analyses

scholarly journals Human diseases associated with NTE gene

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Melentev ◽  
Olga E Agranovich ◽  
Svetlana V Sarantseva
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Pure Cerebellar Ataxia

Evolutionary conserved NTE gene is important for survival and functioning of nervous system cells, its dysfunction leads to various pathologies. Here we describe characteristics of different disorders induced by NTE protein activity inhibition (OPIDN) or by NTE gene mutations: hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG39), Boucher-Neuhaser, Gordon Holmes, Laurence-Moon, Oliver-McFarlane syndromes, Leber congenital amaurosis, pure cerebellar ataxia. Current review summarises accumulated data about clinical features of NTE associated diseases, presenting them in a historical way of biomedical studies, and observes molecular and genetic causes of these disorders.

scholarly journals Jean-Martin Charcot, father of modern neurology: an homage 120 years after his death

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 815-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleide da Mota Gomes ◽  
Eliasz Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Peroneal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Jean-Martin Charcot was a pioneer in a variety of subjects, including nervous system diseases; anatomy; physiology; pathology; and diseases of ageing, joints, and lungs. His medical achievements were mainly based on his anatomopathological proficiency, his observation, and his personal thoroughness that favored the delineation of the nosology of the main neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, peroneal muscular atrophy, and hysteria/epilepsy. The link of this anatomoclinical method with iconographic representations and theatrical lessons, and the rich bibliographical documentations, carried out in a crowded diseased people barn - Salpetrière hospital were the basis of his achievements, which are still discussed 120 years after his death.

scholarly journals Charcot and vascular Parkinsonism

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélio A. G. Teive ◽  
Francisco M. B. Germiniani ◽  
Renato P. Munhoz
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Lower Half ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Vascular Parkinsonism ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

ABSTRACT Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893), recognized as the founder of Neurology and the first formal teacher of nervous system diseases, died on August 16, 1893, from acute pulmonary edema secondary to myocardial infarction. In his last years, there were several descriptions of his gait and posture disorders, suggesting the diagnosis of “lower-half parkinsonism” due to cerebrovascular disease.

scholarly journals The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 865-886
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Szewczyk ◽  
Apolonia Witecka ◽  
Anna Kiersztan
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Central Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Central Nervous System

According to current knowledge, the number of microorganisms living in our body slightly exceeds the number of our own cells, and most of them occupy the large intestine. New methods for analyzing microorganisms residing in our intestine (intestinal microbiota) enable a better understanding of their metabolic, protective and structural functions as well as complex interactions with the host. The development of microbiota is dynamic, and its composition may change during our lifetime. Many factors can affect the composition of microbiota, such as diet, stress, age, genetic factors and antibiotic therapy. Microbiota-gut-brain communication is bi-directional and is mediated via neuronal, immunological and humoral pathways. This article focuses on gut-brain axis elements, such as the vagus nerve, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), cytokines, neurotransmitters, hormones and intestinal peptides, allowing microbiota to contact with the central nervous system. Moreover, this article shows the mechanisms by which microbiota affects the brain functions related to our behavior, mood and cognitive processes. In addition, the role of microbiota composition disorders in the pathogenesis of central nervous system diseases (such as depression, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease) is discussed. This article also focuses on the results from studies in which probiotics have been used as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and also alleviating the symptoms of the central nervous system diseases.

scholarly journals Jules Joseph Dejerine: an outstanding neurologist and Charcot's enemy

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
Gustavo Koíti Kondo ◽  
Carla Caroline Schramm ◽  
Max Rainer Rosado Novaes ◽  
Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
System A ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

ABSTRACT Jules Joseph Dejerine (1849-1917) became renowned for his many contributions to neurology, including his anatomical and anatomo-functional studies, particularly those in the field of language and the peripheral nervous system. A disciple of Vulpian and a rival of Charcot, Dejerine progressed rapidly in the academic world, reaching the peak of his career in 1911, when he was appointed to the chair of Nervous System Diseases at the Salpêtrière Hospital after defeating Pierre Marie (1853-1940), one of the most distinguished pupils of Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893).

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