scholarly journals Evidence-Based Review of Smartphone Versus Paper Asthma Action Plans on Asthma Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Murphy ◽  
Jennifer M. Heisser ◽  
McKenzie Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Asthma Action Plans ◽  
Asthma Action Plan

Objective: To summarize and evaluate existing literature regarding the impact of mobile asthma action plans (MAAPs) versus written asthma action plans (WAAPs) on degree of asthma control. Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched (2000-January 2019) using the term asthma action plan with each of the following: smartphone, computers, handheld, mobile applications, portable electronic application, portable software application, tablet, or technology. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The search was limited to cohort and randomized controlled trials examining MAAP versus WAAP data. Data extracted included the following: study design, population, intervention, control, outcomes related to asthma control, and potential biases assessed using Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Data Synthesis: Four of the 41 studies identified were included, each of which were randomized control trials. One study showed significant improvement using a non–asthma-specific assessment tool, 1 study showed improvement only for patients with uncontrolled asthma at baseline, and 2 studies showed no difference in asthma control scores. Overall risk of bias across all studies was low to moderate. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Health care providers should select an asthma action plan (AAP) format based on what the patient is most likely to understand and consistently use. Conclusions: Because of conflicting published data regarding the use of MAAPs versus WAAPs and risk of bias, it is unclear at this time whether one format of AAP is superior to the other for either adolescents or adults.

scholarly journals Completing asthma action plans by screen-sharing in video-consultations: practical insights from a feasibility assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Hamour ◽  
Eve Smyth ◽  
Hilary Pinnock
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Face ◽  
Vital Component ◽  
Asthma Action Plans ◽  
Screen Sharing ◽  
Remote Consultations

Abstract Supported self-management is a vital component of routine asthma care. Completion of an agreed personalised asthma action plan is integral to implementation of this care, and traditionally this requires a face-to-face consultation. We aimed to assess the practical feasibility and potential utility of using screen-sharing technologies to complete asthma action plans remotely. Assisted by people with diverse technological ability and using a range of devices, we tested the technological feasibility of completing action plans in remote consultations using two leading video-conference systems. We used a semi-structured topic guide to check functionality and lead feedback discussions. Themes were interpreted using the Model for ASsessment of Telemedicine applications (MAST). Discussions with ten participants (age 20–74 years) revealed that screen-sharing was practical on most devices. Joint editing of an action plan (as was possible with Zoom) was considered to encourage participation and improve communication. Attend Anywhere had less functionality than Zoom, but the NHS badging was reassuring. Most participants appreciated the screen-sharing and considered it enabled a meaningful discussion about their action plan. Online shared completion of action plans is feasible with only a few (potentially remediable) practical problems. These findings suggest this may be a fruitful approach for further study—made more urgent by the imperative to develop remote consultations in the face of a global pandemic.

The impact of limited English proficiency on asthma action plan use

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Riera ◽  
Aledie Navas-Nazario ◽  
Veronika Shabanova ◽  
Federico E. Vaca
Keyword(s):  
Limited English Proficiency ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Asthma Action Plan

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF DENTURES ON THE NUTRITIONAL HEALTH OF THE ELDERLY

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. Cafaro Gellar ◽  
D. Alter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
The Impact

Objective: There are many factors that can affect appetite in the older adult. Physiological factors affecting appetite can include cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, renal disease, mental health issues, and even side effects of medications. Decreased ability to ambulate due to joint issues or pain can also negatively impact an older adult’s appetite. But perhaps one significant factor that is commonly overlooked is the ill fitting partial or complete denture. According to the American Dental Association, there are approximately 57% of people ages 65 to 74 wearing some form of denture. Due to this large number of denture wearers, it becomes imperative that health care providers learn to incorporate an oral assessment into their plan of care each time an older adult patient is examined. This assessment can assist providers to identify and differentiate unintentional weight loss and loss of appetite as being either part of a disease process or as a symptom of denture issues. Only then can the overall health of the elderly be holistically viewed and treated. The aim of this paper is to provide a summary of published data expressing the nutritional issues that occur in the elderly due to either being edentulous or from wearing improperly fitting dentures.

scholarly journals Development and Assessment of a Brazilian Pilot Massive Open Online Course in Planetary Health Education: An Innovative Model for Primary Care Professionals and Community Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Floss ◽  
Carlos Augusto Vieira Ilgenfritz ◽  
Ylana Elias Rodrigues ◽  
Anna Cláudia Dilda ◽  
Ana Paula Borngräber Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Massive Open Online ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Massive Open Online Course ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Planetary health (PH) has emerged as a leading field for raising awareness, debating, and finding solutions for the health impacts of human-caused disruptions to Earth's natural systems. PH education addresses essential questions of how humanity inhabits Earth, and how humans affect, and are affected by, natural systems. A pilot massive open online course (MOOC) in PH was created in Brazil in 2020. This MOOC capitalized on the global online pivot, to make the course accessible to a broader audience. This study describes the process of course creation and development and assesses the impact evaluation data and student outcomes of the PH MOOC.Methods: The PH MOOC pilot was launched in Brazilian Portuguese, using the TelessaúdeRS-UFRGS platform on 4/27/2020 and concluded on 7/19/2020 with a total load of 80 h. It was composed of 8 content modules, pre and post-test, 10 topics in a forum discussion, and an optional action plan. This study analyzes the course database, profile of participants, answers to questionnaires, forum interaction, and action plans submitted.Results: Two thousand seven hundred seventy-seven participants enrolled in the course, of which 1,237 (44.54%) gave informed consent for this study. Of the 1,237 participants who agreed to participate in the research, 614 (49.8%) completed the course, and 569 (92.67%) were accredited by TelessaúdeRS-UFRGS. The majority of the participants were concerned with climate change, trained in the health area, and worked in primary health care in places that lacked ongoing sustainability programs. Two hundred forty-one action plans were submitted, major topics identified were food and nutrition, infectious diseases, and garbage and recycling.Discussion: The use of the PH lens and open perspective of the course centered the need to communicate planetary health topics to individuals. The local plans reflected the motto of “think global and act local.” Brazil presents a context of an unprecedented social, political, and environmental crisis, with massive deforestation, extensive fires, and biomass burning altering the biomes, on top of an ongoing necropolitical infodemic and COVID-19 pandemic. In the face of these multiple challenges, this MOOC offers a timely resource for health professionals and communities, encouraging them to address planetary challenges as fundamental health determinants.

scholarly journals Comparing Written Versus Pictorial Asthma Action Plans to Improve Asthma Management and Health Outcomes Among Children and Adolescents: Protocol of a Pilot and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Hynes ◽  
Kristine Durkin ◽  
Desireé N Williford ◽  
Hope Smith ◽  
David Skoner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Asthma Action Plan

BACKGROUND Asthma is an important focus for pediatric health research as management of asthma symptoms is a significant challenge, and morbidity and mortality among youths with asthma remain prevalent. Treatment guidelines for asthma recommend a written asthma action plan (WAAP) that summarizes individualized instructions for daily medication use. However, WAAPs are typically written at a seventh- to ninth-grade reading level, which can be a barrier to young people in understanding their treatment, having confidence in using a WAAP, and engaging with asthma education. OBJECTIVE Utilizing a feasibility and pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, the objective of the Take Action for Asthma Control study is to test a symptom-based, computer-generated pictorial asthma action plan (PAAP) in comparison with a standard WAAP and assess the feasibility and acceptability of the asthma action plan (AAP) intervention and study procedures. The study has 3 aims: (1) estimate the effect sizes of PAAPs compared with WAAPs on outcomes (eg, AAP knowledge and medication adherence), (2) evaluate feasibility and acceptability of AAP intervention and RCT procedures from the perspectives of key stakeholders, and (3) establish whether parent and youth literacy levels are associated with treatment outcomes. METHODS This feasibility and pilot RCT is a block randomized, 2-arm, parallel-group clinical trial, lasting 6 months in duration. At baseline, participants will be randomly assigned to receive a PAAP or WAAP generated for them and reviewed with them by their asthma physician. Study procedures will take place over 4 separate time points: a baseline clinic appointment, 1-month telephone follow-up, and 3- and 6-month clinic-based follow-ups. At each time point, data will be collected related to the main outcomes: AAP knowledge, AAP satisfaction, asthma control, pulmonary function, and adherence to daily asthma medication. A sample size of up to 60 participants (aged 8-17 years) will be recruited. Feasibility and acceptability data will be collected via one-to-one qualitative interviews with providers involved in the study and a subgroup of families that participate in the study. RESULTS Recruitment and data collection began in May 2017 and were completed in October 2018. CONCLUSIONS This pilot and feasibility study will test the potential efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of an AAP intervention and study procedures. The findings will inform the design and delivery of a future definitive trial to assess the efficacy of PAAPs versus WAAPs in supporting asthma self-management among children and adolescents. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR DERR1-10.2196/11733

scholarly journals Prevalence of acute liver injury and hypertransaminemia in patients with COVID-19: a protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e040517
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Yongxing Xu ◽  
Yi Tian Yang ◽  
Peng Fei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Language Restriction ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionCOVID-19 has spread rapidly in China and around the world. Published studies have revealed that some patients with COVID-19 had abnormal liver function in laboratory tests. However, the results were inconsistent and the analysis of epidemiological data stratified by the severity of COVID-19 was not available in previous meta-analyses. Furthermore, these meta-analyses were suspected of overestimating the incidence of liver injury in patients with COVID-19 because some studies considered transaminase elevation as liver injury, which might partially result from cardiac and muscle injury. This systematic review aims to enrol published literatures related to COVID-19 without language restriction, analyse the data based on the severity of the COVID-19 and explore the impact of varied definitions of liver injury on the incidence of liver injury.Methods and analysisWe have conducted a preliminary search on PubMed and Excerpta Medica Database on 13 April 2020, for the studies published after December 2019 on the prevalence of acute liver injury and hypertransaminemia in patients with COVID-19. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data and assess the risk of bias. We will estimate the pooled incidence of hypertransaminemia and acute liver injury in patients with COVID-19 by using the random-effects model. The I² test will be used to identify the extent of heterogeneity. Publication bias will be assessed by funnel plot and performing the Begg’s and Egger’s test if adequate studies are available. We will perform a risk of bias assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal checklist.Ethics and disseminationSince this study will be based on the published data, it does not require ethical approval. The final results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020179462.

scholarly journals Interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes of children born moderate to late preterm: a systematic review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Josephine Agyeman-Duah ◽  
Stephen Kennedy ◽  
Frances O'Brien ◽  
Giancarlo Natalucci
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Early Interventions ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Prematurity (birth before 37+0 weeks’ gestation) is associated with wide-ranging neurodevelopmental impairment. Prognosis among moderate to late (32+0 to <37+0  weeks’ gestation) preterm infants (MLPT) is better compared to their counterparts born very preterm (<32+0  weeks’ gestation). However the risk of developmental impairment among MLPT, who make up about 84% of all preterm infants, is 2-3 times higher when compared to infants born at term. Early interventions have aimed to improve outcomes in preterm infants generally, but there are limited data on their need and effect in MLPT specifically. Prioritising research, long-term follow-up and early interventions targeted at ameliorating the impact of preterm birth among MLPT is required. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of the type of early childhood interventions (from birth until 4 years of age) offered to  MLPT children and to evaluate their impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes (cognitive, neurobehavioural and motor) as assessed in these children during childhood (until 18 years of age). Methods and analysis: A systematic literature search in Web of Science, Medline Ovid, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE will be conducted. Data on MLPT children receiving developmental interventions until the age of 4 years will be evaluated. Interventions may involve parents or primary caregivers. Primary outcomes are cognitive, neurobehavioural and motor development as measured from birth until the age of 18 years. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool will be used to evaluate the methodological quality of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) included in the review and will be graded as low, high  or unclear risk of bias. The quality of non-RCTs will be evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The quality of evidence for each outcome will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Approach. Publication and reporting bias will be assessed using Egger’s test and funnel plots respectively.

scholarly journals Heat Treatment of Milk: A Rapid Review of the Impacts on Postprandial Protein and Lipid Kinetics in Human Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Fatih ◽  
Matthew P. G. Barnett ◽  
Nicola A. Gillies ◽  
Amber M. Milan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
The Impact

Background: Most milk consumed by humans undergoes heat treatment to ensure microbiological safety and extend shelf life. Although heat treatment impacts the structure and physiochemical properties of milk, effects on nutrient absorption in humans are unclear. Therefore, a rapid review was performed to identify studies conducted on healthy human adult subjects that have assessed the impacts of heat treatment of milk on protein and fat digestion and metabolism in the postprandial period (up to 24 h).Methods: Relevant databases (Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus) were systematically screened for intervention studies on healthy adult men and women that assessed the impact of consuming heat-treated milk on the postprandial kinetics or appearance in peripheral circulation or urine of ingested proteins and/or lipids. The risk-of-bias assessment tool 2 was used for quality assessment.Results: Of 511 unique database records, 4 studies were included encompassing 6 study treatments (n = 57 participants, 20–68 years). Three studies evaluated pasteurization, two evaluated ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment, and one evaluated oven-heated milk. Protein and lipid appearances in peripheral blood were reported in two sets of two studies. None of the studies used the same heat treatments and outcome measures, limiting generalization of effects. Protein appearance (ng/mL or area under the curve) (as plasma amino acids - lysine) was reduced when milk was oven-heated for 5 h in one study (n = 7 participants), while the other study reported a reduced retention of dietary N with UHT milk (n = 25 participants). Overall plasma triacylglycerol responses were unaffected by milk heat treatments reported, but plasma fatty acid composition differed. The studies observed higher plasma myristic and palmitic acid abundance with successive heat treatment at 2 h (n = 11 participants; pasteurized) and 4 h (n = 14 participants; UHT) after ingestion; other differences were inconsistent. All studies had moderate-high risk of bias, which should be taken into consideration when interpreting findings.Discussion: This review identified few studies reporting the effects of milk heat treatment on postprandial nutrient responses in adults. Although the findings suggest that milk heat treatment likely affects postprandial protein and lipid dynamics, generalization of the findings is limited as treatments, outcomes, and methods differed across studies. Because of the study variability, and the acute post-prandial nature of the studies, it is also difficult to draw conclusions regarding potential long-term health outcomes. However, the possibility that altered digestive kinetics may influence postprandial protein retention and anabolic use of dietary N suggests heat treatment of milk may impact outcomes such as long-term maintenance of muscle mass.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of eHealth Tools for Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayyeh Mohammadi ◽  
William C. Miller ◽  
Julia Wu ◽  
Colleen Pawliuk ◽  
Julie M. Robillard
Keyword(s):  
Usual Care ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and costs of eHealth tools with usual care in delivering health-related education to patients' undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty due to osteoarthritis.Data Sources: Six electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials and experimental designs (randomized or not) examining the effect of eHealth tools on pre- or post-operative care. Only manuscripts written in English were included. In the current study, no specific primary or secondary outcomes were selected. Any study that investigated the impacts of eHealth tools on hip or knee arthroplasty outcomes were included.Review Methods: Two researchers reviewed all titles and abstracts independently and in duplicate. Two researchers also conducted full-text screening and data extraction from the 26 selected articles.Results: The data were descriptively reported, and themes could emerge from each outcome. Two researchers separately assessed the Risk of Bias for each paper using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. The majority of studies evaluated the impact of eHealth tools on physical (n = 23) and psychosocial outcomes (n = 19). Cost-related outcomes were measured in 7 studies. eHealth tools were found to be equivocal to usual care, with few studies reporting statistically significant differences in physical or psychosocial outcome measures. However, cost-related outcomes showed that using eHealth tools is more cost-effective than usual care.Conclusions: This review demonstrated that eHealth tools might be as effective as usual care, and possibly more cost-effective, a crucial implication for many overly burdened health care systems.

A pictorial asthma action plan to improve asthma control in Malaysian adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sazlina Shariff Ghazali ◽  
Ping Yein Lee ◽  
Ai Theng Cheong ◽  
Hani Syahida Salim ◽  
Norita Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Asthma Action Plan
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