scholarly journals Viral infection triggers rapid differentiation of human blood monocytes into dendritic cells

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (13) ◽  
pp. 3128-3131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanqiu Hou ◽  
James S. Gibbs ◽  
Xiuju Lu ◽  
Christopher B. Brooke ◽  
Devika Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Viral Protein Synthesis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Abstract Surprisingly little is known about the interaction of human blood mononuclear cells with viruses. Here, we show that monocytes are the predominant cell type infected when peripheral blood mononuclear cells are exposed to viruses ex vivo. Remarkably, infection with vesicular stomatitis virus, vaccinia virus, and a variety of influenza A viruses (including circulating swine-origin virus) induces monocytes to differentiate within 18 hours into CD16−CD83+ mature dendritic cells with enhanced capacity to activate T cells. Differentiation into dendritic cells does not require cell division and occurs despite the synthesis of viral proteins, which demonstrates that monocytes counteract the capacity of these highly lytic viruses to hijack host cell biosynthetic capacity. Indeed, differentiation requires infectious virus and viral protein synthesis. These findings demonstrate that monocytes are uniquely susceptible to viral infection among blood mononuclear cells, with the likely purpose of generating cells with enhanced capacity to activate innate and acquired antiviral immunity.

A pathway analysis of poly(I:C)-induced global gene expression change in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chris Huang ◽  
Karen E. Duffy ◽  
Lani R. San Mateo ◽  
Bernard Y. Amegadzie ◽  
Robert T. Sarisky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

To gain global pathway perspective of ex vivo viral infection models using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we conducted expression analysis on PBMCs of healthy donors. RNA samples were collected at 3 and 24 h after PBMCs were challenged with the Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) agonist polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] and analyzed by internally developed cDNA microarrays and TaqMan PCR. Our results demonstrate that poly(I:C) challenge can elicit certain gene expression changes, similar to acute viral infection. Hierarchical clustering revealed distinct immediate early, early-to-late, and late gene regulation patterns. The early responses were innate immune responses that involve TLR3, the NF-κB-dependent pathway, and the IFN-stimulated pathway, whereas the late responses were mostly cell-mediated immune response that involve activation of cell adhesion, cell mobility, and phagocytosis. Overall, our results expanded the utilities of this ex vivo model, which could be used to screen molecules that can modulate viral stress-induced inflammation, in particular those mediated via TLRs.

scholarly journals IL-7 During Antigenic Stimulation Using Allogeneic Dendritic Cells Promotes Expansion of CD45RA-CD62L+CD4+ Invariant NKT Cells With Th-2 Biased Cytokine Production Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Trujillo-Ocampo ◽  
Hyun-Woo Cho ◽  
Michael Clowers ◽  
Sumedha Pareek ◽  
Wilfredo Ruiz-Vazquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Antigenic Stimulation ◽  
Inkt Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Th 1 ◽  
Stimulation Of

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes cells that recognize glycolipid antigens associated with CD1d, non-classical antigen presenting proteins. They can drive either pro-inflammatory (Th-1) or anti-inflammatory (Th-2) immune microenvironment through the production of both Th-1 and Th-2 type cytokines upon activation, thus play a vital role in cancer, infection, and autoimmune diseases. Adoptive cell therapy using ex vivo expanded iNKT cells is a promising approach to enhance anti-tumor immunity or immunosuppression. However, overcoming phenotypic and functional heterogeneity and promoting in vivo persistency of iNKT cells remains to be a challenge. Here, we compared various methods for ex vivo expansion of human iNKT cells and assessed the quality of expansion, phenotype, and cytokine production profile of expanded iNKT cells. While a direct stimulation of iNKT cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with agonist glycolipid led to the expansion of iNKT cells in varying degrees, stimulation of enriched iNKT cells by irradiated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells or allogeneic dendritic cells resulted in consistent expansion of highly pure iNKT cells. Interestingly, the mode of antigenic stimulation influenced the dominant subtype of expanded iNKT cells. Further, we evaluated whether additional IL-7 or IL-15 during antigenic stimulation with allogeneic dendritic cells can improve the phenotypic heterogeneity and modify cytokine production profile of iNKT cells expanded from 18 consecutive donors. The presence of IL-7 or IL-15 during antigenic stimulation did not affect the fold of expansion or purity of expanded iNKT cells. However, IL-7, but not IL-15, led to a better expansion of CD4+ iNKT cells, enhanced Th-2 type cytokine production of CD4+ iNKT cells, and maintained the expansion of central memory (CD45RA-CD62L+) CD4+ iNKT cells. Our results suggest the addition of IL-7 during antigenic stimulation with allogeneic dendritic cells can promote the expansion of CD62L+Th-2+CD4+ human iNKT cells that can be used as novel immunotherapeutic to control excessive inflammation to treat various autoimmune diseases.

Probiotic supplement consumption alters cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a preliminary study using healthy individuals

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Hepburn ◽  
I. Garaiova ◽  
E.A. Williams ◽  
D.R. Michael ◽  
S. Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Preliminary Study

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of daily probiotic supplementation upon the immune profile of healthy participants by the assessment of ex vivo cytokine production. Twenty healthy adult volunteers received a multi-strain probiotic supplement consisting of two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus (CUL60 and CUL21), Bifidobacterium lactis (CUL34) and Bifidobacterium bifidum (CUL20) and fructooligosaccharide for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and cultured ex vivo in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide and cytokine production was assessed. Postintervention, a significant decrease in the production of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β was apparent when PBMCs were incubated in the presence of lipopolysaccharide, whilst a significant increase in IL-10 and transforning growth factor-β production was seen when the cells were incubated without an additional stimulus. This preliminary study demonstrates the potential of a multi-strain probiotic supplement to alter the immune response as demonstrated by changes in ex vivo cytokine production. Such results demonstrate the potential benefit of probiotic supplementation for healthy individuals and warrants further investigation.

Sensitivity and reliability of zinc transporter and metallothionein gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as indicators of zinc status: responses to ex vivo zinc exposure and habitual zinc intake in humans

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Hennigar ◽  
Alyssa M. Kelley ◽  
Bradley J. Anderson ◽  
Nicholes J. Armstrong ◽  
Holly L. McClung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Zn Status

Abstract Zn is an essential nutrient for humans; however, a sensitive biomarker to assess Zn status has not been identified. The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and sensitivity of Zn transporter and metallothionein (MT) genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to Zn exposure ex vivo and to habitual Zn intake in human subjects. In study 1, human PBMCs were cultured for 24 h with 0–50 µm ZnSO4 with or without 5 µm N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN), and mRNA expression of SLC30A1-10, SLC39A1-14, MT1 subtypes (A, B, E, F, G, H, L, M and X), MT2A, MT3 and MT4 mRNA was determined. In study 2, fifty-four healthy male and female volunteers (31·9 (sd 13·8) years, BMI 25·7 (sd 2·9) kg/m2) completed a FFQ, blood was collected, PBMCs were isolated and mRNA expression of selected Zn transporters and MT isoforms was determined. Study 1: MT1E, MT1F, MT1G, MT1H, MT1L, MT1M, MT1X, MT2A and SLC30A1 increased with increasing concentrations of Zn and declined with the addition of TPEN. Study 2: Average daily Zn intake was 16·0 (sd 5·3) mg/d (range: 9–31 mg/d), and plasma Zn concentrations were 15·5 (SD 2·8) μmol/l (range 11–23 μmol/l). PBMC MT2A was positively correlated with dietary Zn intake (r 0·306, P = 0·03) and total Zn intake (r 0·382, P < 0·01), whereas plasma Zn was not (P > 0·05 for both). Findings suggest that MT2A mRNA in PBMCs reflects dietary Zn intake in healthy adults and may be a component in determining Zn status.

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