scholarly journals 111In-oxine platelet survivals in thrombocytopenic infants

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-656
Author(s):  
V Castle ◽  
G Coates ◽  
JG Kelton ◽  
M Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Platelet Destruction ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Full Body

Thrombocytopenia is a common occurrence (20%) in sick neonates, but the causes have not been well studied. In this report we demonstrate that thrombocytopenia in the neonate is characterized by increased platelet destruction as shown by shortened homologous 111In-oxine-labeled platelet life spans. Thirty-one prospectively studied thrombocytopenic neonates were investigated by measuring the 111In-labeled platelet life span, platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG), and coagulation screening tests. In every infant, the thrombocytopenia was shown to have a destructive component since the mean platelet life span was significantly shortened to 65 +/- 6 (mean +/- SEM) hours with a range of one to 128 hours compared with adult values (212 +/- 8; range, 140 to 260; gamma function analysis). The platelet survival was directly related to the lowest platelet count and inversely related to both the highest mean platelet volume and duration of the thrombocytopenia. In 22 infants the percent recovery of the radiolabeled platelets was less than 50%, which suggested that increased sequestration also contributed to the thrombocytopenia. Infants with laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (n = 8) or immune platelet destruction evidenced by elevated levels of PAIgG (n = 13) had even shorter platelet survivals and a more severe thrombocytopenia compared with the ten infants in whom an underlying cause for the thrombocytopenia was not apparent. Full-body scintigraphic images obtained in 11 infants showed an increased uptake in the spleen and liver, with a spleen-to- liver ratio of 3:1. This study indicates that thrombocytopenia in sick neonates is primarily destructive, with a subgroup having evidence of increased platelet sequestration.

scholarly journals 111In-oxine platelet survivals in thrombocytopenic infants

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Castle ◽  
G Coates ◽  
JG Kelton ◽  
M Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Platelet Destruction ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Full Body

Abstract Thrombocytopenia is a common occurrence (20%) in sick neonates, but the causes have not been well studied. In this report we demonstrate that thrombocytopenia in the neonate is characterized by increased platelet destruction as shown by shortened homologous 111In-oxine-labeled platelet life spans. Thirty-one prospectively studied thrombocytopenic neonates were investigated by measuring the 111In-labeled platelet life span, platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG), and coagulation screening tests. In every infant, the thrombocytopenia was shown to have a destructive component since the mean platelet life span was significantly shortened to 65 +/- 6 (mean +/- SEM) hours with a range of one to 128 hours compared with adult values (212 +/- 8; range, 140 to 260; gamma function analysis). The platelet survival was directly related to the lowest platelet count and inversely related to both the highest mean platelet volume and duration of the thrombocytopenia. In 22 infants the percent recovery of the radiolabeled platelets was less than 50%, which suggested that increased sequestration also contributed to the thrombocytopenia. Infants with laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (n = 8) or immune platelet destruction evidenced by elevated levels of PAIgG (n = 13) had even shorter platelet survivals and a more severe thrombocytopenia compared with the ten infants in whom an underlying cause for the thrombocytopenia was not apparent. Full-body scintigraphic images obtained in 11 infants showed an increased uptake in the spleen and liver, with a spleen-to- liver ratio of 3:1. This study indicates that thrombocytopenia in sick neonates is primarily destructive, with a subgroup having evidence of increased platelet sequestration.

Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Analysis of Patients with Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3918-3918
Author(s):  
Young-Rok Do ◽  
Jin Young Kim ◽  
Woo Young Park ◽  
Sang Min Lee ◽  
Ki Young Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Platelet Destruction ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Platelet Size ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Primary Origin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract The normal range of platelet counts of peripheral blood is 150–450 × 109/L. Decreased platelet count results in the increased risk of bleeding. On the other hand, thrombosis formation is more prevalent in the patient of thrombocytosis. The mean platelet volume(MPV) is the mode of the measured platelet volume. There is an inverse relationship between platelet size and number. Therefore, the total platelet mass, the product of the MPV and platelet count is closely regulated. When platelets decrease in number, bone marrow megakaryocytes are stimulated by thrombopoietin, and their nucleus becomes hyperlobulated, with much greater ploidy. These stimulated megakaryocytes produce larger platelets. The platelet distribution width(PDW), is an indicator of the degree of variation in platelet size. PDW is defined as the coefficient of variation of the distribution of individual platelet volumes. So PDW is rising if the platelet destruction is increased while MPV is decreased. 48,340 patients were performed CBC test at Dong-san medical center through out the year of 2004. The platelet count below 150 × 109/L were 5,501(11.4%). Below 100 × 109/L of Platelet count is 2,303(41.8%). Platelet count Below than 20 × 109/L is 73(1.3%), 20–50 × 109/L is 323(5.9%), 50–100 × 109/L is 1,907(34.6%). Hemoglobin is 11g/dL in 50–100 × 109/L group and the hemoglobin is also rose in proportion to platelet count. WBC count is 10,540/L in below 20 × 109/L group and WBC count is decreased in proportion to platelet count. MPV is 9.5fL in 20–50 × 109/L group. PDW is 48.54% in below 20 × 109/L and the percentage is rose in proportion to platelet. Total bilirubin is 3.08g/dL in 20–50 × 109/L. Cause of thrombocytopenia is chronic liver disease, malignancy, infection and hematologic disease and secondary origin is more frequent than primary origin. Patients with thrombocytosis are 8,027(16.6%). The platelet count more than 600 × 109/L is 1,199(14.9%), 600–1,000 × 109/L is 1,051(13.1%), above 1,000 × 109/L is 148(1.8%). The PDW is 49.2% in 600–1,000 × 109/L group, 53% in above 1,000 × 109/L group.

Acute and Chronic Changes in Platelet Volume and Count After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induced Thrombocytopenia in Man

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Martin ◽  
T D Daniel ◽  
E A Trowbridge
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Young Males ◽  
The Mean

SummaryPatients undergoing surgery for coronary artery bypass graft or heart valve replacement had their platelet count and mean volume measured pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively and serially for up to 48 days after the surgical procedure. The mean pre-operative platelet count of 1.95 ± 0.11 × 1011/1 (n = 26) fell significantly to 1.35 ± 0.09 × 1011/1 immediately post-operatively (p <0.001) (n = 22), without a significant alteration in the mean platelet volume. The average platelet count rose to a maximum of 5.07 ± 0.66 × 1011/1 between days 14 and 17 after surgery while the average mean platelet volume fell from preparative and post-operative values of 7.25 ± 0.14 and 7.20 ± 0.14 fl respectively to a minimum of 6.16 ± 0.16 fl by day 20. Seven patients were followed for 32 days or longer after the operation. By this time they had achieved steady state thrombopoiesis and their average platelet count was 2.44 ± 0.33 × 1011/1, significantly higher than the pre-operative value (p <0.05), while their average mean platelet volume was 6.63 ± 0.21 fl, significantly lower than before surgery (p <0.001). The pre-operative values for the platelet volume and counts of these patients were significantly different from a control group of 32 young males, while the chronic post-operative values were not. These long term changes in platelet volume and count may reflect changes in the thrombopoietic control system secondary to the corrective surgery.

Influence of Platelet Membrane Sialic Acid and Platelet-Associated IgG on Ageing and Sequestration of Blood Platelets in Baboons

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (04) ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
H F Kotzé ◽  
V van Wyk ◽  
P N Badenhorst ◽  
A du P Heyns ◽  
J P Roodt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Senescent Cell ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Antigen Complex ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

SummaryPlatelets were isolated from blood of baboons and treated with neuraminidase to remove platelet membrane sialic acid, a process which artificially ages the platelets. The platelets were then labelled with 111In and their mean life span, in vivo distribution and sites of Sequestration were measured. The effect of removal of sialic acid on the attachment of immunoglobulin to platelets were investigated and related to the Sequestration of the platelets by the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. Removal of sialic acid by neuraminidase did not affect the aggregation of platelets by agonists in vitro, nor their sites of Sequestration. The removal of 0.51 (median, range 0.01 to 2.10) nmol sialic acid/108 platelets shortened their life span by 75 h (median, range 0 to 132) h (n = 19, p <0.001), and there was an exponential correlation between the shortening of the mean platelet life span and the amount of sialic acid removed. The increase in platelet-associated IgG was 0.112 (median, range 0.007 to 0.309) fg/platelet (n = 25, p <0.001) after 0.79 (median, range 0.00 to 6.70) nmol sialic acid/108 platelets was removed (p <0.001). There was an exponential correlation between the shortening of mean platelet life span after the removal of sialic acid and the increase in platelet-associated IgG. The results suggest that platelet membrane sialic acid influences ageing of circulating platelets, and that the loss of sialic acid may have exposed a senescent cell antigen that binds IgG on the platelet membrane. The antibody-antigen complex may then provide a signal to the macrophages that the platelet is old, and can be phagocytosed and destroyed.

PS-095a The Mean Platelet Volume In Infants With Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A144.4-A145
Author(s):  
M Tekin ◽  
C Konca ◽  
Z Kahramaner ◽  
A Erdemir ◽  
A Gulyuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Elimination of three doses of gentamicin over three consecutive days using a polyacrylonitrile-derived filter: An in vitro assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 039139882110322
Author(s):  
Frédéric J Baud ◽  
Vanessa Seif ◽  
Pascal Houzé ◽  
Jean-Herlé Raphalen ◽  
Benoît Pilmis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Bolus Dose ◽  
Central Compartment ◽  
Daily Session ◽  
Progressive Decrease ◽  
Time Dependency ◽  
Study Results ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Adsorption of gentamicin in a polyacrylonitrile filter was previously evidenced in a session lasting 6 h using the NeckEpur model. We extended the study over three consecutive days to mimic the 72-h life span of a filter. Methods: Prismaflex® monitor and ST150® filter were used in the continuous diafiltration (CDF) mode at a 2.5 L/h flowrate. The daily session started with a 6-h session of CDF. Thereafter, the 5-L central compartment was changed using a bag free of gentamicin to assess gentamicin release over the following 18 h. Experiments were repeated on Day 2 and stopped at the end of the 6-h session of CDF on Day 3. The experiment was performed in duplicate. Results: At a 2.5 L/h diafiltration flowrate, the mean daily clearances of gentamicin were 5.5, 4.0, and 3.3 L/h, respectively. The mean diafiltration and adsorption ratios in the daily elimination of gentamicin were 32/68%, 58/42%, and 88/12%, respectively. During days 1 and 2, the mean amount of gentamicin released from the ST150® filter were 14 and 34 mg, respectively. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin over 3 days is strongly altered by adsorption in the same filter with a progressive decrease of elimination by adsorption, suggesting saturation of the filter. One limitation of our study results from the mode of administration using a bolus dose instead of an infusion over 30 min. Adsorption adds a clearance to those of diafiltration. The time-dependency of gentamicin clearance precludes using a constant dosage regimen over the filter’s life span.

Lifestyle modification decreases the mean platelet volume in prehypertensive patients

Platelets ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yazici ◽  
Ahmet Kaya ◽  
Yasemin Kaya ◽  
Sinan Albayrak ◽  
Hakan Cinemre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
The Mean

The mean platelet volume is decreased in patients with mild head trauma and brain injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 780-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lippi ◽  
Andrea Carbucicchio ◽  
Mario Benatti ◽  
Gianfranco Cervellin
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
The Mean

scholarly journals A Mobile Web App to Improve Health Screening Uptake in Men (ScreenMen): Utility and Usability Evaluation Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Hai Teo ◽  
Chirk Jenn Ng ◽  
Sin Kuang Lo ◽  
Chip Dong Lim ◽  
Alan White
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Web App ◽  
Improve Health

BACKGROUND Globally, the uptake of health screening is suboptimal, especially in men and those of younger age. In view of the increasing internet access and mobile phone ownership, ScreenMen, a mobile Web app, was developed to improve health screening uptake in men. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the utility and usability of ScreenMen. METHODS This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Healthy men working in a banking institution were recruited to participate in this study. They were purposively sampled according to job position, age, education level, and screening status. Men were asked to use ScreenMen independently while the screen activities were being recorded. Once completed, retrospective think aloud with playback was conducted with men to obtain their feedback. They were asked to answer the System Usability Scale (SUS). Intention to undergo screening pre- and postintervention was also measured. Qualitative data were analyzed using a framework approach followed by thematic analysis. For quantitative data, the mean SUS score was calculated and change in intention to screening was analyzed using McNemar test. RESULTS In total, 24 men participated in this study. On the basis of the qualitative data, men found ScreenMen useful as they could learn more about their health risks and screening. They found ScreenMen convenient to use, which might trigger men to undergo screening. In terms of usability, men thought that ScreenMen was user-friendly and easy to understand. The key revision done on utility was the addition of a reminder function, whereas for usability, the revisions done were in terms of attracting and gaining users’ trust, improving learnability, and making ScreenMen usable to all types of users. To attract men to use it, ScreenMen was introduced to users in terms of improving health instead of going for screening. Another important revision made was emphasizing the screening tests the users do not need, instead of just informing them about the screening tests they need. A Quick Assessment Mode was also added for users with limited attention span. The quantitative data showed that 8 out of 23 men (35%) planned to attend screening earlier than intended after using the ScreenMen. Furthermore, 4 out of 12 (33%) men who were in the precontemplation stage changed to either contemplation or preparation stage after using ScreenMen with P=.13. In terms of usability, the mean SUS score of 76.4 (SD 7.72) indicated that ScreenMen had good usability. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that ScreenMen was acceptable to men in terms of its utility and usability. The preliminary data suggested that ScreenMen might increase men’s intention to undergo screening. This paper also presented key lessons learned from the beta testing, which is useful for public health experts and researchers when developing a user-centered mobile Web app.

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