scholarly journals Task Force report: European Respiratory Society guidelines for the management of children and adolescents with bronchiectasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2002990
Author(s):  
Anne B. Chang ◽  
Rebecca Fortescue ◽  
Keith Grimwood ◽  
Efthymia Alexopoulou ◽  
Leanne Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Task Force Report ◽  
Clinical Questions

There is increasing awareness of bronchiectasis in children and adolescents, a chronic pulmonary disorder associated with poor quality-of-life for the child/adolescent and their parents, recurrent exacerbations and costs to the family and health systems. Optimal treatment improves clinical outcomes. Several national guidelines exist, but there are no international guidelines.The European Respiratory Society (ERS) Task Force for the management of paediatric bronchiectasis sought to identify evidence-based management (investigation and treatment) strategies. It used the ERS standardised process that included a systematic review of the literature and application of the GRADE approach to define the quality of the evidence and level of recommendations.A multidisciplinary team of specialists in paediatric and adult respiratory medicine, infectious disease, physiotherapy, primary care, nursing, radiology, immunology, methodology, patient advocacy and parents of children/adolescents with bronchiectasis considered the most relevant clinical questions (for both clinicians and patients) related to managing paediatric bronchiectasis. Fourteen key clinical questions (7 “Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome” [PICO] and 7 narrative) were generated. The outcomes for each PICO were decided by voting by the panel and parent advisory group.This guideline addresses the definition, diagnostic approach and antibiotic treatment of exacerbations, pathogen eradication, long-term antibiotic therapy, asthma-type therapies (inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators), mucoactive drugs, airway clearance, investigation of underlying causes of bronchiectasis, disease monitoring, factors to consider before surgical treatment and the reversibility and prevention of bronchiectasis in children/adolescents. Benchmarking quality of care for children/adolescents with bronchiectasis to improve clinical outcomes and evidence gaps for future research could be based on these recommendations.

scholarly journals A European Respiratory Society technical standard: exhaled biomarkers in lung disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1600965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildiko Horváth ◽  
Peter J. Barnes ◽  
Stelios Loukides ◽  
Peter J. Sterk ◽  
Marieann Högman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Breath Tests

Breath tests cover the fraction of nitric oxide in expired gas (FENO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), variables in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and other measurements. For EBC and for FENO, official recommendations for standardised procedures are more than 10 years old and there is none for exhaled VOCs and particles. The aim of this document is to provide technical standards and recommendations for sample collection and analytic approaches and to highlight future research priorities in the field. For EBC and FENO, new developments and advances in technology have been evaluated in the current document. This report is not intended to provide clinical guidance on disease diagnosis and management.Clinicians and researchers with expertise in exhaled biomarkers were invited to participate. Published studies regarding methodology of breath tests were selected, discussed and evaluated in a consensus-based manner by the Task Force members.Recommendations for standardisation of sampling, analysing and reporting of data and suggestions for research to cover gaps in the evidence have been created and summarised.Application of breath biomarker measurement in a standardised manner will provide comparable results, thereby facilitating the potential use of these biomarkers in clinical practice.

Development and validation of men's sexualizing behaviors of women scale

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dominique A. Malebranche
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Task Force ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Task Force Report ◽  
Traditional Masculinity ◽  
The Impact

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Sexualization has been posited to be a part of a larger process of socialization with negative implications (APA, 2010; Ward, 2016). Recent reviews of gender-based violence and exploitation have focused on important elements that highlight the impact of the pervasive experiences of sexual objectification and sexual commodification on women and girls, but relatively limited literature has explored domains of men's sexualizing behaviors. Using the theoretical domains outlined in the APA Task Force Report on the Sexualization of Girls (APA, 2010), the present study developed and validated a measure of men's sexualizing behaviors toward women (MSBWS) on a sample of 308 adult males (ages 18-34). Using exploratory factor analysis, results indicated three-factors that defined the MSBWS: Covert, Commodified, and Overt Sexualization. Analyses also revealed the MSBWS to have high reliability for the overall scale as well as the three subscales. Evidence for construct validity was revealed in significant correlations with all criterion variables (e.g., attitudes of sexual objectification, traditional masculinity and sexual aggression) and suggest broad implications that men's sexualizing behaviors is a measurable construct. Future research may further validate the MSBWS using confirmatory factor analysis on independent samples and examine relevant variables of the possible harm of sexualizing behaviors.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia: summary of the ERS Task Force report

Breathe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia E. Kuehni ◽  
Jane S. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Care ◽  
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
List Type ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Task Force Report ◽  
Ciliary Dyskinesia

Key pointsPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease characterised by abnormal motile ciliary function.There is no “gold standard” diagnostic test for PCD.The European Respiratory Society (ERS) Task Force Guidelines for diagnosing PCD recommend that patients should be referred for diagnostic testing if they have several of the following features: persistent wet cough; situs anomalies; congenital cardiac defects; persistent rhinitis; chronic middle ear disease with or without hearing loss; or a history, in term infants, of neonatal upper and lower respiratory symptoms or neonatal intensive care admission.The ERS Task Force recommends that patients should be investigated in a specialist PCD centre with access to a range of complementary tests: nasal nitric oxide, high-speed video microscopy analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Additional tests including immunofluorescence labelling of ciliary proteins and genetic testing may also help determine the diagnosis.Educational aimsThis article is intended for primary and secondary care physicians interested in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), i.e. those who identify patients for testing, and those involved in diagnosing and managing PCD patients. It aims: to inform readers about the new European Respiratory Society Task Force Guidelines for diagnosing patients with PCDto enable primary and secondary care physicians to: identify patients who need diagnostic testing; understand the diagnostic tests that their patients will undergo, the results of the tests and their limitations; and ensure that appropriate care is subsequently delivered.

scholarly journals Treatment of Whiplash-Associated Disorders - Part II: Medical and Surgical Interventions

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Conlin ◽  
Sanjit Bhogal ◽  
Keith Sequeira ◽  
Robert Teasell
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Radiofrequency Neurotomy

BACKGROUND: Whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) is a term used to describe injury due to an acceleration-deceleration mechanism at the neck. In 1995, the Quebec Task Force published a report that contained evidence-based recommendations regarding the treatment of WAD based on studies completed before 1993 and consensus-based recommendations.OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present article - the second installment of a two part review on WAD - is to provide a systematic review of the literature published between January 1993 and July 2003 on medical and surgical interventions for WAD using meta-analytical techniques.METHODS OF THE REVIEW: Three medical literature databases were searched for identification of all clinical trials on the treatment of WAD. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and epidemiological studies were categorized by treatment modality and analyzed by outcome measures. The methodological quality of the RCTs was assessed. When possible, pooled analyses of the RCTs were completed for meta-analyses of the data. The results of all the studies were compiled and systematically reviewed.RESULTS: The studies were categorized as medical or surgical interventions. A total of five RCTs and six non-RCTs were evaluated. The mean methodological quality of the RCTs was 7.3 among studies on medical interventions and 7.5 for studies on surgical intervention. Pooled analyses were completed across all treatment modalities and outcome measures. The outcomes of each study were summarized in tables.CONCLUSIONS: While several quality RCTs and epidemiological studies have been published since 1993 on medical and surgical interventions, the cumulative evidence is lacking. Moderate evidence exists in support of radiofrequency neurotomy. Evidence for steroid injections, botulinum treatments, carpal tunnel decompression and cervical discectomy is conflicting or unclear. Future research is required to clarify the utility of radiofrequency neurotomy and pulsed electromagnetic field treatment for WAD.

scholarly journals Critical appraisal and comparison of recommendations of clinical practice guidelines for treatment of schizophrenia in children and adolescents: a methodological survey protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e038646
Author(s):  
Maíra Ramos Alves ◽  
Cristiane de Cássia Bergamaschi ◽  
Flávia Blaseck Sorrilha ◽  
Izabela Fulone ◽  
Silvio Barberato-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionThe number of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have increased substantially mainly in the paediatric area of mental health. However, little is known about the quality or how recommendations for the treatment of disorders such as schizophrenia in children and adolescents have changed over time. The aim of this study will be to assess the quality of the development of CPGs for the treatment and management of schizophrenia in children and adolescents over time using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool and to compare the recommendations and interventions described in these documents.Methods and analysisCPGs will be identified using a prospective protocol through a systematic search of multiple databases (Medline, Embase, Health Systems Evidence, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, etc) and guideline websites from 2004 to December 2020. The quality of the guidelines will be assessed by three reviewers, independently using the AGREE II. CPGs will be considered of high-quality if they scored ≥60% in four or more domains of the AGREE II instrument. Non-parametric tests will be used to test for the change of quality over time. We will summarise the different evidence grading systems and compare the recommendations.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required since it is a literature-based study. Future results of the research can be submitted for publication in scientific journals of high impact, peer reviewed and also published in national and international conferences. The results derived from this study will contribute to the improvement of health institutions and policies, informing about existing recommendation guidelines and about deficiencies and qualities found in those. This study may also identify key areas for future research. This study may guide the search and choice for high quality CPGs by health policy makers and health professionals and subsidise future adaptations.Protocol registration numberCRD42020164899.

The Current Status of EMDR Therapy, Specific Target Areas, and Goals for the Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-284
Author(s):  
Suzy J. M. A. Matthijssen ◽  
Christopher W. Lee ◽  
Carlijn de Roos ◽  
Ian G. Barron ◽  
Ignacio Jarero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Emdr Therapy

While eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is considered an evidence-based treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults, there are differences as to how various international treatment guidelines judge the strength of this evidence base. Furthermore, in areas other than adult PTSD, major guidelines differ even more as to the strength of the evidence base and when to use EMDR. In 2019, the Council of Scholars: The Future of EMDR Therapy Project was initiated. Several working groups were established, with one assigned to the focus area of research. This article is a product of that working group. Firstly the group concluded that there were five areas where there was some base that EMDR was effective, but more data were needed to increase the likelihood that it would be considered in future international treatment guidelines. These areas were PTSD in children and adolescents, early EMDR interventions, combat PTSD, unipolar depression, and chronic pain. In addition, research into cost-effectiveness of EMDR therapy was identified as one of the priorities. A hierarchical system was used for classifying and rating evidence in the focus areas. After assessing the 120 outcome studies pertaining to the focus areas, we conclude that for two of the areas (i.e., PTSD in children and adolescents and EMDR early interventions research) the strength of the evidence is rated at the highest level, whereas the other areas obtain the second highest level. Some general recommendations for improving the quality of future research on the effectiveness of EMDR therapy are formulated.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids in real life on clinical outcomes, sputum cells and systemic inflammation in asthmatics: a retrospective cohort study in a secondary care centre

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e018186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie F Demarche ◽  
Florence N Schleich ◽  
Monique A Henket ◽  
Virginie A Paulus ◽  
Thierry J Van Hees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Eosinophilic Inflammation ◽  
Sputum Eosinophils

ObjectivesThe impact of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on eosinophilic inflammation in asthma is well established, but their effect in a real-life setting has not been extensively studied. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of ICS on airway and systemic inflammation as well as on clinical outcomes in patients with asthma from clinical practice.Design, setting and participantsWe conducted a retrospective analysis on asthmatics from a secondary care centre in whom ICS were initiated/increased (n=101), stopped/decreased (n=60) or remained stable (n=63, used as a control group) between two visits with available sputum and blood cell counts.ResultsThe median time between both visits ranged from 1 to 2 years. Initiating or increasing ICS (median variation (IQR): 800 (400–1200) µg beclomethasone equivalent dose per day) reduced sputum eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (P<0.0001) and to a lesser extent blood eosinophils (P<0.0001), while withdrawing or decreasing ICS (median variation (IQR): 900 (500–1200) µg beclomethasone equivalentdose per day) resulted in increased sputum eosinophils (P=0.008). No change was found in patients with a stable dose. The effectiveness of ICS in improving asthma control, quality of life, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), bronchial hyper-responsiveness and exacerbation rate was only observed in the eosinophilic phenotype (sputum eosinophils ≥3%, n=79). In non-eosinophilic asthmatics, stepping-down ICS resulted in an improvement in asthma control and quality of life, without any significant change in FEV1(n=38).ConclusionsOur results confirm the effectiveness of ICS on eosinophilic inflammation in real life and demonstrate that their clinical benefit seems to be restricted to eosinophilic asthmatics. Our data also support a try for stepping-down ICS in non-eosinophilic asthmatics.

scholarly journals An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society research statement: interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 976-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryeh Fischer ◽  
Katerina M. Antoniou ◽  
Kevin K. Brown ◽  
Jacques Cadranel ◽  
Tamera J. Corte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Task Force ◽  
American Thoracic Society ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Society Research

Many patients with an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) have clinical features that suggest an underlying autoimmune process but do not meet established criteria for a connective tissue disease (CTD). Researchers have proposed differing criteria and terms to describe these patients, and lack of consensus over nomenclature and classification limits the ability to conduct prospective studies of a uniform cohort.The “European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society Task Force on Undifferentiated Forms of Connective Tissue Disease-associated Interstitial Lung Disease” was formed to create consensus regarding the nomenclature and classification criteria for patients with IIP and features of autoimmunity.The task force proposes the term “interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features” (IPAF) and offers classification criteria organised around the presence of a combination of features from three domains: a clinical domain consisting of specific extra-thoracic features, a serologic domain consisting of specific autoantibodies, and a morphologic domain consisting of specific chest imaging, histopathologic or pulmonary physiologic features.A designation of IPAF should be used to identify individuals with IIP and features suggestive of, but not definitive for, a CTD. With IPAF, a sound platform has been provided from which to launch the requisite future research investigations of a more uniform cohort.

Standardization of spirometry: what’s new in 2019 update (Part 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
L. D. Kiryukhina ◽  
P. V. Struchkov
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Test Session ◽  
American Thoracic Society ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Joint Task ◽  
Joint Task Force ◽  
International Joint ◽  
New Research

Improvements in equipment, new research studies and enhanced quality assurance approaches have led to the need to update the 2005 technical standards for spirometry. The article presents the main updates, developed by an international joint task force by the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society in 2019. The characteristics of acceptability, usability, and repeatability, criteria grading the quality of the test session, the choice of main reported values are described.

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