The social and structural determinants of tuberculosis incidence trends in 116 countries from 2005-2015: an ecological study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Koeltringer ◽  
Kristi Annerstedt ◽  
Daniel Carter ◽  
Delia Boccia ◽  
William E. Rudgard
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Tuberculosis Incidence ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The Social

Social Justice and Dietetic Education: Are We Preparing Practitioners to Lead?

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Jennifer Brady
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Social Justice Advocacy ◽  
Dietetic Education ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reflexive Practice ◽  
And Training

Purpose: To explore dietetic practitioners’ perceptions of their education and training in the knowledge, skills, and confidence to understand social justice issues and to engage in socially just dietetic practice and social justice advocacy. Methods: An online semi-qualitative survey sent to Canadian dietitians. Results: Most respondents (n = 264; 81.5%) felt that knowledge- and skill-based learning about social justice and social justice advocacy should be a part of dietetic education and training. Reasons given by respondents for the importance of social justice learning include: client-centred care and reflexive practice, effecting change to the social and structural determinants of health, preventing dietitian burnout, and relevance of the profession. Yet, over half of respondents either strongly disagreed or disagreed that they were adequately prepared with the knowledge (n = 186; 57.4%), skills (n = 195; 60.2%), or confidence (n = 196; 60.5%) to engage in advocacy related to social justice concerns. Some questioned the practicality of adding social justice learning via additional courses to already full programs, while others proposed infusing a social justice lens across dietetic education and practice areas. Conclusions: Dietetic education and training must do more to prepare dietitians to answer calls for dietitians to engage in social justice issues through practice and advocacy.

scholarly journals Methodological and Measurement Advances in Social Determinants of HIV: View from NIH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Greenwood ◽  
Paul Gaist ◽  
Ann Namkung ◽  
Dianne Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Suboptimal Care ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Ecological Momentary

AbstractSocial determinants are increasingly understood as key contributors to patterns of heightened risk for HIV acquisition and suboptimal care and treatment outcomes. Yet, the ability to rigorously model, map and measure these nuanced social dynamics has been a challenge, resulting in limited examples of effective interventions and resource allocation. In 2016, the United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) issued a Request for Applications calling for methodological innovations around the social determinants of HIV. In May of 2019, NIMH, in collaboration with American University’s Center on Health, Risk and Society and the DC Center for AIDS Research, sponsored a symposium to bring together the funded teams to share accomplishments, distill lessons learned and reflect on the state of the science with other key stakeholders. Presentations focused on causal inference, multi-level analysis and mathematical modeling (Models); geospatial analytics and ecological momentary assessments (Maps); and measurement of social and structural determinants including inequalities and stigmas (Measures). Cross-cutting and higher-level themes were discussed and largely focused on the importance of critical and careful integration of social theory, community engagement and mixed methodologies into research on the social determinants of HIV.

scholarly journals A scoping review of the determinants of foetal alcohol spectrum disorder in South Africa: an intersectional perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle De Jong ◽  
Asha George ◽  
Tanya Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Abstract Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) affects babies born to mothers who consume alcohol while pregnant. South Africa has the highest prevalence of FASD in the world. We review the social determinants underpinning FASD in South Africa and add critical insight from an intersectional feminist perspective. We undertook a scoping review, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Drawing from EBSCOhost and PubMed, 95 articles were screened, with 21 selected for analysis. We used the intersectionality wheel to conceptualize how the social and structural determinants of FASD identified by the literature are interconnected and indicative of broader inequalities shaping the women and children affected. Key intersecting social determinants that facilitate drinking during pregnancy among marginalized populations in South Africa documented in the existing literature include social norms and knowledge around drinking and drinking during pregnancy, alcohol addiction and biological dependence, gender-based violence, inadequate access to contraception and abortion services, trauma and mental health, and moralization and stigma. Most of the studies found were quantitative. From an intersectional perspective, there was limited analysis of how the determinants identified intersect with one another in ways that exacerbate inequalities and how they relate to the broader structural and systemic factors undermining healthy pregnancies. There was also little representation of pregnant women’s own perspectives or discussion about the power dynamics involved. While social determinants are noted in the literature on FASD in South Africa, much more is needed from an intersectionality lens to understand the perspectives of affected women, their social contexts and the nature of the power relations involved. A critical stance towards the victim/active agent dichotomy that often frames women who drink during pregnancy opens up space to understand the nuances needed to support the women involved while also illustrating the contextual barriers to drinking cessation that need to be addressed through holistic approaches.

scholarly journals Impact of the Peace Agreement on the social determinants of health in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Johana Mondragón-Sánchez ◽  
Reinaldo Gutiérrez Barreiro ◽  
Marcos Venícios de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro ◽  
Priscila de Souza Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the impact of the Colombian Peace Agreement on the structural social determinants of health. Methods: a descriptive, ecological study, based on documentary data from 2008 to 2018. The records of victims, epidemiological indicators, and structural social determinants of health in Colombia were analyzed. Results: there was a correlation between the period in which the Peace Agreement process was developed and the indicators of structural determinants in health with p<0.05. With the Poisson regression analysis, the favorable correlations between the peace process and the determinants were confirmed, besides allowing the understanding of the changes in these indicators before the Peace Agreement. Conclusions: the implementation of the peace process has a positive impact on structural social determinants of health, which is observed by the beginning of the decrease of economic, educational, health, and social inequalities and inequities, a fact that offers the possibility of living in peace.

Who’s Teaching Whom? Disability and Deaf Studies Approaches to the Health Humanities

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Garden
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Disability Studies ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Deaf Studies ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Health Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Approaches

This chapter contributes to health humanities pedagogy by addressing the social and structural dimensions of health and healthcare through the theories and practices of disability studies. It begins by discussing the role of disability studies in health humanities approaches to social and structural determinants of health, as well as the sometimes vexed relationship between the two fields. It discusses shared commitments to the pedagogical use of narrative and provides a case study of inclusive education in practice. This chapter represents disability studies critiques of health humanities as welcome challenges to deepen its pedagogy and practices. It also maps out arguments for and some basic approaches to access in the classroom, describing pedagogy that is accountable to the claims of disability justice in practice as well as theory.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in people with rheumatic disease in Finland 1995–2007: a nationwide retrospective register study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjo Vuorela ◽  
Nina J Mars ◽  
Juha Salonen ◽  
Markku J Kauppi
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Disease Register ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Social

Abstract Objectives RA and its medication, especially TNF-α inhibitors, increase the risk of clinical tuberculosis (TB) infection. We aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, incidence and temporal changes in TB occurring concurrently with rheumatic diseases (RDs) between 1995 and 2007. Methods We combined the register of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland and the National Infectious Disease Register to find adult patients with reimbursed DMARDs and with a TB notification between 1995 and 2007. After reviewing the medical records, we described their clinical manifestations and medications, explored TB incidence trends using Poisson regression, and compared the incidence of TB with that of the general population. Results We identified 291 patients with both TB and rheumatic disease (RD), 196 of whom had RA. Between 1995 and 2007, the incidence of TB in adult RD decreased from 58.8 to 30.0 per 100 000 (trend P < 0.001, average marginal effect −3.4/100 000 per year, 95% CI −4.4, −2.4). Compared with the general population, the incidence was ∼4-fold. Among RD patients, pulmonary TB was the most common form of TB (72.6%). Disseminated TB was present in 56 (19.6%) patients. Conclusion The incidence of TB among RD patients was ∼4-fold that of the general population, and it declined between 1995 and 2007. Disseminated TB was present in nearly 20% of patients.

The social and structural determinants of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
M.M. Donneyong ◽  
T.-J. Chang ◽  
J.W. Jackson ◽  
P.D. Juarez ◽  
S. Sealy-Jefferson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Medication Treatment ◽  
The Social

The Structured Dependence of the Elderly as a Recent Development: Some Sceptical Historical Thoughts

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population History ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
North West ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThere has recently emerged in the writings of those who have adopted an overtly ‘radical’ approach to social work and the welfare state, a coherent interpretation of how the status of older persons is lowered in the course of the development of industrial capitalism. The focus in these recent writings is on the social creation of dependent status and the structural determinants of the competitive relationship between elderly individuals and younger adults in the labour market. This paper reviews the arguments of this school of thought arguing firstly that it fails to take sufficient account of the longer term population history of England, suggesting that the contrast between the middle and later twentieth century and the nineteenth century is apparently so marked largely because of the atypicality of the latter period when high fertility and rapid demographic growth produced an historical minimum for the proportion of the elderly in the total population. A second failure in this recent radical or marxist research is that it also does not take sufficient account of the kinship system in north west Europe which appears to have created a situation of structured dependency of the elderly on the collectivity irrespective of the specific mode of production. Pre-industrial north west Europeans exhibited a striking contrast in this particular cultural trait with many, indeed most non-industrial societies outside Western Europe or regions populated by emmigrants from that area.

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